FlyBase Gene Report: Dmel\shen

UNCLASSIFIED HOST DEFENSE PEPTIDES -: This group comprises host defense peptides (HDPs) that have yet to characterised or placed in a HDP gene family. (Adapted from FBrf0263699.)

Gene Model and Products

Number of Transcripts

Number of Unique Polypeptides

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\shen for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)

Isoform displayed:

Pfam protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Protein Domains (via SMART)

Isoform displayed:

SMART protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Structure

Protein 3D structure (Predicted by AlphaFold) (AlphaFold entry A0A6H2EDS4)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.

Model Confidence:

Very high (pLDDT > 90)
Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures

Crossreferences

Comments on Gene Model

Supported by strand-specific RNA-Seq data.

Gene model reviewed during 5.53

Gene model reviewed during 6.29

Transcript Data

Annotated Transcripts

Name

FlyBase ID

RefSeq ID

Length (nt)

Assoc. CDS (aa)

shen-RB

FBtr0475307

NM_001382125

254

Additional Transcript Data and Comments

Reported size (kB)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

Polypeptide Data

Annotated Polypeptides

Name

FlyBase ID

Predicted MW (kDa)

Length (aa)

Theoretical pI

UniProt

RefSeq ID

GenBank

shen-PB

FBpp0423416

4.9

8.77

QJC18472

Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

There is only one protein coding transcript and one polypeptide associated with this gene

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments

Reported size (kDa)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

Induced by infection

Linkouts

Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model

Nucleotide / Polypeptide Records

UniProt

A0A6H2EDS4

Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\shen using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data

Crossreferences

Linkouts

Expression Data

Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

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Transcript Expression

Additional Descriptive Data

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Polypeptide Expression

Additional Descriptive Data

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Evidence

References

Expression Deduced from Reporters

High-Throughput Expression Data

Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\shen in JBrowse

RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region

View exonic expression by developmental stage for Dmel\shen

View exonic expression by tissue for Dmel\shen

Bulk Downloads

RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes

Reference

See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.

Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle

Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis

External Data and Images

Linkouts

DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species

19836048/tissue=All

EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species

FBgn0266405

FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data

FBgn0266405

Images

FlyBase Wiki

Image Based Resources

Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations

Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 1 )

For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show

Other relevant insertions

Transgenic Constructs ( 0 )

For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show

Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of shen

Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of shen

Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 0 )

Inferred from experimentation ( 0 )

Inferred from location ( 8 )

Variants

Variant Molecular Consequences

Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants

Phenotypes

For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.

Phenotype manifest in

Allele

Orthologs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Orthologs

Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Homo sapiens (Human) (0)

Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (0)

Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (0)

Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (0)

Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (0)

Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (0)

Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (0)

Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (0)

Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (0)

Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (0)

Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)

Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)

Data provided directly from OrthoDB:shen. Refer to their site for version information.

Paralogs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Paralogs

Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Gene Symbol

Score

Source

Alignment

Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (1)

IBIN

2 of 13

Human Disease Associations

FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports

Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Allele

Disease

Evidence

References

Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 0 )

Human Ortholog

Disease

Evidence

References

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Allele

Disease

Interaction

References

Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)

Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.

Homo sapiens (Human)

Gene name

Score

OMIM

OMIM Phenotype

DO term

Complementation?

Transgene?

Functional Complementation Data

Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.

Interactions

Summary of Physical Interactions

Interaction Browsers

Summary of Genetic Interactions

Interaction Browsers

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

External Data

Linkouts

Pathways

Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)

Metabolic Pathways

FlyBase

External Links

External Data

Linkouts

Class of Gene

nuclear_gene

(FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2013)

protein_coding_gene

(FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2019)

Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data

Chromosome (arm)

Recombination map

3-61

Cytogenetic map

90C1-90C1

Sequence location

3R:17,667,572..17,667,825 [+]

FlyBase Computed Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Evidence for location

90C1-90C1

Experimentally Determined Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Notes

References

Experimentally Determined Recombination Data

Location

3-61

(FlyBase, 2016)

3-59.9

(Comeron et al., 2012)

Left of (cM)

Right of (cM)

Notes

Stocks and Reagents

Stocks (0)

Aberrations including deletions of this gene Aberrations including duplications of this gene

Genomic Clones (26)

Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

cDNA Clones (5)

Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

cDNA clones, fully sequenced

BDGP DGC clones

Other clones

MIP27305

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)

BDGP DGC clones

Other clones

RNAi and Array Information

Linkouts

Antibody Information

Laboratory Generated Antibodies

Commercially Available Antibodies

Cell Line Information

Publicly Available Cell Lines

Other Stable Cell Lines

Other Comments

Reclassified as a protein-coding gene in r6.29.

(FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2019)

New annotation (CR45045) in release 5.53 of the genome annotation.

(FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2013)

Relationship to Other Genes

Source for database merge of

Additional comments

Nomenclature History

Source for database identify of

Source for identity of: lncRNA:CR45045 CR45045

(FlyBase, 2009-)

Source for identity of: shen CG45045

(Cai et al., 2026)

Nomenclature comments

Etymology

'yulu' (CG44404) and 'shenshu' (CG45045) encode similar immune-induced peptides that are redundantly required in host defense against injected Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Their names refer to the Chinese mythology from the Eastern Han dynasty, in which Shenshu and Yulu are brother guardian deities posted on the twin doors of the entrance gates that are inspecting the transit of countless spirits of the dead and neutralizing the evil-deeded ones by feeding them to tigers.

(Cai et al., 2026)

Synonyms and Secondary IDs (6)

Reported As

Symbol Synonym

CG45045

(Cai et al., 2026, Fioriti et al., 2024, Polunina et al., 2024, Westlake et al., 2024, FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2019)

CR45045

(FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2013)

lncRNA:CR45045

(Cho et al., 2020)

shen

(Cai et al., 2026)

Name Synonyms

long non-coding RNA:CR45045

shenshu

(Cai et al., 2026)

Secondary FlyBase IDs

Datasets (0)

Study focus (0)

Experimental Role

Project

Project Type

Title

Study result (0)

Result

Result Type

Title

External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 13 )

Sequence Crossreferences

NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.

19836048

GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.

QJC18472

RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.

NM_001382125

UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.

A0A6H2EDS4

UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information

A0A6H2EDS4

Other crossreferences

AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.

A0A6H2EDS4

DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species

19836048/tissue=All

EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species

FBgn0266405

FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data

FBgn0266405

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

Induced by infection

KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.

dme:Dmel_CG45045

MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)

19836048

Linkouts

FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel

FBGN0266405

References (12)

The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.

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Report Sections