There is a significant increase in surface glia number in rap3 mutant brains compared to wild-type. There is no change in the mitotic index or apoptosis in these mutants, indicating an increase in differentiation.
rap3 mutants show a significant decrease in the overall number of neurons in third instar larval brains and the number of surface neurons.
Allelic series in order of ascending strength rap1 < rape2 = rape4 = rape6, rapx-2 < rap3 = rapx-3.