UASt regulatory sequences drive expression of Hsap\LRRK2 with an N-terminal Tag:FLAG-tag.
Expression of Hsap\LRRK2Scer\UAS.T:Zzzz\FLAG under the control of Scer\GAL4ple.PF does not strongly affect the reduced contrast response steady-state visual evoked potentials method in 7-day-old adult flies.
Flies expressing Scer\GAL4VGlut-OK371> mutants show neuronal responses to visual stimuli as reflected in frequency-tagged steady-state visually evoked potentials similar to controls.
Axonal transport of mitochondria is not affected in larval motor neurons expressing Hsap\LRRK2Scer\UAS.T:Zzzz\FLAG under the control of Scer\GAL4D42.
Climbing and flight ability are normal in flies expressing Hsap\LRRK2Scer\UAS.T:Zzzz\FLAG under the control of Scer\GAL4D42.
Flies expressing Hsap\LRRK2Scer\UAS.T:Zzzz\FLAG under the control of Scer\GAL4ple.PG do not show a progressive reduction in electroretinogram amplitude (there is no significant difference in the amplitude seen in 3 and 28 day old flies). The retina, lamina and medulla of 28 day old flies do not show neurodegeneration defects and the external surface of the eye appears normal. Photoreceptor mitochondria do not show defects.
Flies expressing Hsap\LRRK2Scer\UAS.T:Zzzz\FLAG under the control of either Scer\GAL4GMR.long or Scer\GAL4Act5C.PU show a significant reduction in ERG amplitude at 28 days of age compared to 3 days of age.
Flies expressing Hsap\LRRK2Scer\UAS.T:Zzzz\FLAG under the control of either Scer\GAL4ple.PG, Scer\GAL4Ddc.HL9, Scer\GAL4elav.PLu, Scer\GAL4nSyb.PG or Scer\GAL4NP5214 show no significant difference in ERG amplitude at 3 and 28 days of age.
Overexpression of Hsap\LRRK2Scer\UAS.T:Zzzz\FLAG in dopaminergic neurons, under the control of Scer\GAL4ple.PF, leads to a substantial reduction of dopamine neurons in the adult brain hemisphere.
Expression of Hsap\LRRK2Scer\UAS.T:Zzzz\FLAG under the control of Scer\GAL4ple.PF significantly reduces climbing ability.
Treatment of flies expressing Hsap\LRRK2Scer\UAS.T:Zzzz\FLAG under the control of Scer\GAL4Ddc.PL with 0.1% H[[2]]O[[2]] significantly decreases survival, compared with control flies and untreated Hsap\LRRK2Scer\UAS.T:Zzzz\FLAG-Scer\GAL4Ddc.PL flies. Treatment with GW5074 does not affect the survival of Hsap\LRRK2 transgenic flies exposed to 0.1% H[[2]]O[[2]].
The addition of 1mM curcumin to the food given to Scer\GAL4Ddc.PL->Hsap\LRRK2Scer\UAS.T:Zzzz\FLAG flies with or without 0.1% H[[2]]O[[2]] from day 1 post-eclosion results in an increase in survival. Curcumin has no effect on non-transgenic control flies.
The addition of 0.1% H[[2]]O[[2]] from day 1 post-eclosion onwards significantly worsens the locomotor impairment seen in flies expressing Hsap\LRRK2Scer\UAS.T:Zzzz\FLAG under the control of Scer\GAL4Ddc.PL, compared with untreated transgenic flies. Treatment with 5υM GW5074 or 1mM curcumin improves but does not fully reverse the locomotor impairment seen in these flies.
Treatment of flies expressing Hsap\LRRK2Scer\UAS.T:Zzzz\FLAG under the control of Scer\GAL4Ddc.PL with 0.1% H[[2]]O[[2]] induces loss of DA neurons. Treatment with 5υM GW5074 or 1mM curcumin in the food from day 1 post-eclosion throughout the lifetime of Scer\GAL4Ddc.PL-->Hsap\LRRK2G2019S.Scer\UAS.T:Zzzz\FLAG suppresses the loss of ple-positive neurons.
Overexpression of Hsap\LRRK2Scer\UAS.T:Zzzz\FLAG pre- or post-synaptically (under the control of Scer\GAL4elav-C155 or Scer\GAL4Mhc.PW, respectively) results in a reduction in the total number of type I boutons on muscle 6/7 from the A3 segment. In addition, neuromuscular junction length and branch number are decreased by 25%. Separate quantification of type Ib versus type Is boutons on muscle 6/7 reveals a similar degree (20%) of decrease in the number of each type of bouton.
The neuromuscular junction morphology phenotype caused by overexpression of Hsap\LRRK2Scer\UAS.T:Zzzz\FLAG by Scer\GAL4Mhc.PW is rescued by rapamycin treatment.
Scer\GAL4Mhc.PW-driven expression of Hsap\LRRK2Scer\UAS.T:Zzzz\FLAG does not affect neuromuscular junction MT cytoskeleton formation.
Newly synthesized tubulin inside synaptic boutons is more fragmented in animals expressing Hsap\LRRK2Scer\UAS.T:Zzzz\FLAG presynaptically (under the control of Scer\GAL4elav-C155).
Neuronal overexpression of Hsap\LRRK2Scer\UAS.T:Zzzz\FLAG (under the control of Scer\GAL4elav-C155) leads to a decrease of mitochondria number in terminal boutons and a significant increase of mEJC frequency. Quantal content is not significantly changed in these animals compared to controls.
Expression of Hsap\LRRK2Scer\UAS.T:Zzzz\FLAG under the control of Scer\GAL4GMR.PF results in retinal degeneration by 3 weeks after eclosion.
Expression of Hsap\LRRK2Scer\UAS.T:Zzzz\FLAG driven by Scer\GAL4Ddc.PL causes early mortality and locomotion impairment.
Expression of Hsap\LRRK2Scer\UAS.T:Zzzz\FLAG under the control of Scer\GAL4Ddc.PL leads to selective loss of dopaminergic neurons.
Expression of Hsap\LRRK2Scer\UAS.T:Zzzz\FLAG driven by Scer\GAL4elav.PU causes late-onset locomotion impairment, shortened lifespan and selective loss of dopaminergic neurons.
Hsap\LRRK2UAS.Tag:FLAG, Scer\GAL4ple.PF has abnormal neuroanatomy phenotype, suppressible by Hsap\ARFGAP1UAS.Tag:HA, Scer\GAL4ple.PF
Hsap\LRRK2UAS.Tag:FLAG, Scer\GAL4ple.PF has abnormal neuroanatomy phenotype, suppressible by Hsap\ARFGAP1Δ64.UAS.Tag:HA, Scer\GAL4ple.PF
Hsap\LRRK2UAS.Tag:FLAG, Scer\GAL4ple.PF has abnormal locomotor behavior phenotype, suppressible by Hsap\ARFGAP1UAS.Tag:HA, Scer\GAL4ple.PF
Hsap\LRRK2UAS.Tag:FLAG, Scer\GAL4ple.PF has abnormal locomotor behavior phenotype, suppressible by Hsap\ARFGAP1Δ64.UAS.Tag:HA, Scer\GAL4ple.PF
Hsap\LRRK2UAS.Tag:FLAG, Scer\GAL4ple.PF has dopaminergic PAL neuron phenotype, suppressible by Hsap\ARFGAP1UAS.Tag:HA, Scer\GAL4ple.PF
Hsap\LRRK2UAS.Tag:FLAG, Scer\GAL4ple.PF has dopaminergic PPM1 neuron phenotype, suppressible by Hsap\ARFGAP1UAS.Tag:HA, Scer\GAL4ple.PF
Hsap\LRRK2UAS.Tag:FLAG, Scer\GAL4ple.PF has dopaminergic PPM2 neuron phenotype, suppressible by Hsap\ARFGAP1UAS.Tag:HA, Scer\GAL4ple.PF
Hsap\LRRK2UAS.Tag:FLAG, Scer\GAL4ple.PF has dopaminergic PPM1 neuron phenotype, suppressible by Hsap\ARFGAP1Δ64.UAS.Tag:HA, Scer\GAL4ple.PF
Hsap\LRRK2UAS.Tag:FLAG, Scer\GAL4ple.PF has dopaminergic PPM2 neuron phenotype, suppressible by Hsap\ARFGAP1Δ64.UAS.Tag:HA, Scer\GAL4ple.PF
Hsap\LRRK2UAS.Tag:FLAG, Scer\GAL4elav-C155 has type I bouton phenotype, suppressible by futschEP1419, Scer\GAL4elav-C155
Hsap\LRRK2UAS.Tag:FLAG, Scer\GAL4elav-C155 has neuromuscular junction phenotype, suppressible by futschEP1419, Scer\GAL4elav-C155
Hsap\LRRK2UAS.Tag:FLAG, Scer\GAL4elav-C155 has mitochondrion phenotype, suppressible by futschEP1419, Scer\GAL4elav-C155
Hsap\LRRK2UAS.Tag:FLAG, Scer\GAL4ple.PF has dopaminergic PPM3 neuron phenotype, non-suppressible by Hsap\ARFGAP1UAS.Tag:HA, Scer\GAL4ple.PF
Hsap\LRRK2UAS.Tag:FLAG, Scer\GAL4ple.PF has dopaminergic PPL1 neuron phenotype, non-suppressible by Hsap\ARFGAP1UAS.Tag:HA, Scer\GAL4ple.PF
Hsap\LRRK2UAS.Tag:FLAG, Scer\GAL4ple.PF has dopaminergic PAL neuron phenotype, non-suppressible by Hsap\ARFGAP1Δ64.UAS.Tag:HA, Scer\GAL4ple.PF
Hsap\LRRK2UAS.Tag:FLAG, Scer\GAL4ple.PF has dopaminergic PPM3 neuron phenotype, non-suppressible by Hsap\ARFGAP1Δ64.UAS.Tag:HA, Scer\GAL4ple.PF
Hsap\LRRK2UAS.Tag:FLAG, Scer\GAL4ple.PF has dopaminergic PPL1 neuron phenotype, non-suppressible by Hsap\ARFGAP1Δ64.UAS.Tag:HA, Scer\GAL4ple.PF
Hsap\LRRK2UAS.Tag:FLAG, Scer\GAL4Mhc.PW has type I bouton phenotype, non-suppressible by futschEP1419, Scer\GAL4Mhc.PW
Hsap\LRRK2UAS.Tag:FLAG, Scer\GAL4Mhc.PW has neuromuscular junction phenotype, non-suppressible by futschEP1419, Scer\GAL4Mhc.PW
Hsap\LRRK2UAS.Tag:FLAG, Scer\GAL4GMR.PF is a suppressor of eye phenotype of Hsap\ARFGAP1UAS.Tag:HA, Scer\GAL4GMR.PF
Co-expression of Hsap\ARFGAP1Scer\UAS.T:Ivir\HA1 with Hsap\LRRK2Scer\UAS.T:Zzzz\FLAG in dopaminergic neurons, under the control of Scer\GAL4ple.PF, significantly prevents the loss of dopamine neurons in PAL and PPM1/2 but not PPM3 or PPL1 clusters.
Co-expression of Hsap\ARFGAP1Δ64.Scer\UAS.T:Ivir\HA1 with Hsap\LRRK2Scer\UAS.T:Zzzz\FLAG in dopaminergic neurons, under the control of Scer\GAL4ple.PF, rescues dopaminergic neuronal loss in the PPM1/2 but does not significantly rescue in the other dopaminergic clusters.
Co-expression of either Hsap\ARFGAP1Scer\UAS.T:Ivir\HA1 or Hsap\ARFGAP1Δ64.Scer\UAS.T:Ivir\HA1 in dopaminergic neurons, under the control of Scer\GAL4ple.PF, rescues the climbing defect seen in Hsap\LRRK2Scer\UAS.T:Zzzz\FLAG-expressing flies.
Co-expression of Hsap\LRRK2Scer\UAS.T:Zzzz\FLAG rescues the eye defects seen upon expression of Hsap\ARFGAP1Scer\UAS.T:Ivir\HA1 under the control of Scer\GAL4GMR.PF.
Co-expression of futschEP1419 pre-synaptically rescues the synaptic overgrowth phenotype found upon expression of Hsap\LRRK2Scer\UAS.T:Zzzz\FLAG pre-synaptically under the control of Scer\GAL4elav-C155. However, synaptic defects caused by post-synaptic expression of Hsap\LRRK2Scer\UAS.T:Zzzz\FLAG are not suppressed when futschEP1419 is expressed post-synaptically (under the control of Scer\GAL4Mhc.PW).
The abnormal microtubule phenotype seen upon Hsap\LRRK2Scer\UAS.T:Zzzz\FLAG presynaptic expression is rescued by a futschEP1419 expression (both under the control of Scer\GAL4elav-C155).
Neuronal co-expression of futschEP1419 with Hsap\LRRK2Scer\UAS.T:Zzzz\FLAG rescues the mitochondrial distribution phenotype seen upon Hsap\LRRK2Scer\UAS.T:Zzzz\FLAG expression alone.