TNF receptor associated factors (TRAFs) were originally identified as intracellular signal transducers for members of the TNF receptor (TNFR) family in mammals. In Drosophila, TRAFs act downstream of Toll and other homologous receptors (a function shared with some mammalian TRAFs). TRAFs act as adaptor molecules, binding the cytoplasmic tail of activated receptors to recruit other signalling molecules or complexes. All TRAFs contain a C-terminal TRAF domain which interacts with the receptor. (Adapted from FBrf0135895).