Phospholipases catalyze the cleavage of a fatty acid from the glycerol-3-phosphate backbone of phospholipids. Phospholipase A1 (PLA1) enzymes cleave preferentially at the sn-1 position to generate free fatty acid and a 2-acyl-lysophospholipid. Many PLA1 class enzymes, including Manduca sexta TGL and Drosophila melanogaster PAPLA12, have an extended substrate spectrum and next to phospholipids also hydrolyze neutral lipids such as di- and triacylglycerol (TAG). Depending on their specific functions, PLA1 enzymes act either intra- or extracellularly. Genomes of invertebrates typically code for a single intracellular PLA1, whereas the mammalian family consists of three members. (Adapted from FBrf0235375, FBrf0226323.)
Notes on Group
The PHOSPHOLIPASES A1 gene group contains only one member.
