Taurine is a non-proteogenic, sulfonated amino acid that is synthesized predominantly in the cytosol via two pathways: (i) in the cysteine sulfinate pathway, L-cysteine is oxidized to 3-sulfino-L-alanine (L-cysteine sulfinic acid), decarboxylated to hypotaurine, and then oxidized to yield taurine; (ii) in the cysteamine pathway, cysteamine, a product of coenzyme A catabolism, is oxidized to hypotaurine. Taurine is involved in detoxification, osmoregulation, membrane stabilization and mitochondrial tRNA modification. It may also act as a neuromodulator. (Adapted from PMID:38081683.)
TAURINE BIOSYNTHESIS
Notes
The cysteamine pathway may also occur in the mitochondrion. Taurine can be imported into cells via the transporter Eaat2. Deacetylation of N-acetyltaurine, probably by CG18473, can be a source for taurine.
Source Material
The
TAURINE BIOSYNTHESIS
Gene Group has been compiled using the following publication(s):
Liu et al., 2012
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Unable to display GO ribbon stack for gene groups with more than 100 members.
External Data
Note: The Drosophila pathways shown at external resources are computed
and may therefore differ from the manually curated and verified pathway shown above.
