FB2026_03 , released September 17, 2026
Gene: Dmel\Ybb
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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\Ybb
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
Y-bobbed
Annotation Symbol
Feature Type
rRNA_gene
FlyBase ID
FBgn0016760
Gene Model Status
Not Applicable
Stock Availability
None publicly available
Gene Summary
Contribute a Gene Snapshot for this gene.
All Summaries
Also Known As

rDNA, rRNA

Function
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (0 terms)
Molecular Function (0 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (0 terms)
Biological Process (0 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (0 terms)
Cellular Component (0 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (0 terms)
Gene Group / Complex (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
-
Protein Signatures (InterPro)
    -
    Summaries
    Gene Model and Products
    Number of Transcripts
    0
    Number of Unique Polypeptides
    0
    Protein Domains (via Pfam)
    Isoform displayed:
    Pfam protein domains
    InterPro name
    classification
    start
    end
    Protein Domains (via SMART)
    Isoform displayed:
    SMART protein domains
    InterPro name
    classification
    start
    end
    Structure
    Experimentally Determined Structures
    Crossreferences
    Comments on Gene Model
    Transcript Data
    Annotated Transcripts
    Additional Transcript Data and Comments
    Reported size (kB)
    Comments
    External Data
    Crossreferences
    Polypeptide Data
    Annotated Polypeptides
    Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

     

    Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
    Reported size (kDa)
    Comments
    External Data
    Crossreferences
    Linkouts
    Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
    Mapped Features

    Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\Ybb using the Feature Mapper tool.

    External Data
    Crossreferences
    Linkouts
    Expression Data
    Testis-specificity index

    The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

    NA

    Transcript Expression
    Additional Descriptive Data
    Marker for
     
    Subcellular Localization
    CV Term
    Polypeptide Expression
    Additional Descriptive Data
    Marker for
     
    Subcellular Localization
    CV Term
    Evidence
    References
    Expression Deduced from Reporters
    High-Throughput Expression Data
    Associated Tools

    JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

    View Dmel\Ybb in JBrowse
    RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
    Bulk Downloads
    RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes
    Reference
    See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
    Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
    Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
    External Data and Images
    Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
    Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 16 )
    For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
     
    Other relevant insertions
    Transgenic Constructs ( 0 )
    For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
    Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of Ybb
    Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of Ybb
    Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 45 )
    Inferred from experimentation ( 45 )
    Gene duplicated in
    Tp(YS;1)bbAM1
    (Baskirov and Matveenko, 1999)
    Tp(YS;1)bbAM7
    (Baskirov and Matveenko, 1999)
    Gene disrupted in
    Df(Y)bb-11
    (Paredes and Maggert, 2009)
    Df(Y)bb-31
    (Paredes and Maggert, 2009)
    Df(Y)bb-76
    (Paredes and Maggert, 2009)
    Df(Y)bb-85
    (Paredes and Maggert, 2009)
    Df(Y)bb-163
    (Paredes and Maggert, 2009)
    Df(Y)bb-183
    (Paredes and Maggert, 2009)
    Df(Y)bb-465
    (Paredes and Maggert, 2009)
    Df(Y)bb-484
    (Paredes and Maggert, 2009)
    Df(Y)bb-547
    (Paredes and Maggert, 2009)
    Df(YS)bb-
    (Durica and Krider, 1978)
    Ts(YLt;4Lt)B15
    (Hazelrigg et al., 1982)
    Gene not disrupted in
    Df(YL)A10
    (Hazelrigg et al., 1982)
    Df(YL)A11
    (Hazelrigg et al., 1982)
    Df(YL)A17
    (Hazelrigg et al., 1982)
    Df(YL)A32
    (Hazelrigg et al., 1982)
    Df(YL)A39
    (Hazelrigg et al., 1982)
    Df(YL)A49
    (Hazelrigg et al., 1982)
    Df(YL)B4
    (Hazelrigg et al., 1982)
    Df(YL)B12
    (Hazelrigg et al., 1982)
    Df(YL)B14
    (Hazelrigg et al., 1982)
    Df(YS)A6
    (Hazelrigg et al., 1982)
    Df(YS)B13
    (Hazelrigg et al., 1982)
    In(YLS)A33
    (Hazelrigg et al., 1982)
    T(Y;2)B3
    (Hazelrigg et al., 1982)
    T(Y;3)A34
    (Hazelrigg et al., 1982)
    Ts(YLt;3Rt)A34
    (Hazelrigg et al., 1982)
    Ts(YSt;4Rt)B15
    (Hazelrigg et al., 1982)
    Gene partially disrupted in
    Df(Y)bb-11
    (Paredes and Maggert, 2009)
    Df(Y)bb-31
    (Paredes and Maggert, 2009)
    Df(Y)bb-76
    (Paredes and Maggert, 2009)
    Df(Y)bb-85
    (Paredes and Maggert, 2009)
    Df(Y)bb-163
    (Paredes and Maggert, 2009)
    Df(Y)bb-183
    (Paredes and Maggert, 2009)
    Df(Y)bb-465
    (Paredes and Maggert, 2009)
    Df(Y)bb-484
    (Paredes and Maggert, 2009)
    Df(Y)bb-547
    (Paredes and Maggert, 2009)
    Df(Y)l-462
    (Paredes and Maggert, 2009)
    Df(Y)l-471
    (Paredes and Maggert, 2009)
    Df(Y)l-473
    (Paredes and Maggert, 2009)
    Df(Y)l-480
    (Paredes and Maggert, 2009)
    Df(Y)l-481
    (Paredes and Maggert, 2009)
    Df(Y)l-489
    (Paredes and Maggert, 2009)
    Df(Y)l-495
    (Paredes and Maggert, 2009)
    Df(Y)l-498
    (Paredes and Maggert, 2009)
    Df(Y)l-503
    (Paredes and Maggert, 2009)
    Df(Y)l-506
    (Paredes and Maggert, 2009)
    Df(Y)l-510
    (Paredes and Maggert, 2009)
    Df(Y)l-514
    (Paredes and Maggert, 2009)
    Df(Y)l-516
    (Paredes and Maggert, 2009)
    Df(Y)l-525
    (Paredes and Maggert, 2009)
    Df(Y)l-532
    (Paredes and Maggert, 2009)
    Gene partially duplicated in
    Df(Y)l-539
    (Paredes and Maggert, 2009)
    Inferred from location ( 0 )
      Variants
      Variant Molecular Consequences
      Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
      Phenotypes
      For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.
      Sterility
      Allele
      male fertile
      Phenotype manifest in
      Allele
      Orthologs
      Downloads
      Download All DIOPT Orthologs
      Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
      Species\Gene Symbol
      Score
      Best Score
      Best Reverse Score
      Source
      Compara
      Domainoid
      eggNOG
      Hieranoid
      Homologene
      Inparanoid
      OMA
      OrthoDB
      OrthoFinder
      OrthoInspector
      orthoMCL
      Panther
      Phylome
      SonicParanoid
      Alignment
      Complementation?
      Transgene?
      Homo sapiens (Human) (0)
      Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
      Species\Gene Symbol
      Score
      Best Score
      Best Reverse Score
      Source
      Compara
      Domainoid
      eggNOG
      Hieranoid
      Homologene
      Inparanoid
      OMA
      OrthoDB
      OrthoFinder
      OrthoInspector
      orthoMCL
      Panther
      Phylome
      SonicParanoid
      Alignment
      Complementation?
      Transgene?
      Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (0)
      Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (0)
      Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (0)
      Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (0)
      Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (0)
      Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (0)
      Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (0)
      Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (0)
      Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (0)
      Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)
      Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)
      Data provided directly from OrthoDB:Ybb. Refer to their site for version information.
      Paralogs
      Downloads
      Download All DIOPT Paralogs
      Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)
      Human Disease Associations
      FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
        Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
        Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
        Allele
        Disease
        Evidence
        References
        Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 0 )
        Human Ortholog
        Disease
        Evidence
        References
        Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
        Allele
        Disease
        Interaction
        References
        Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)
        Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
        Homo sapiens (Human)
        Gene name
        Score
        OMIM
        OMIM Phenotype
        DO term
        Complementation?
        Transgene?
        Functional Complementation Data
        Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
        Interactions
        Summary of Physical Interactions
        Interaction Browsers
        Summary of Genetic Interactions
        Interaction Browsers
        Starting gene(s)
        Interaction type
        Interacting gene(s)
        Reference
        Starting gene(s)
        Interaction type
        Interacting gene(s)
        Reference
        External Data
        Linkouts
        DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
        Pathways
        Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
        Metabolic Pathways
        FlyBase
        External Links
        External Data
        Linkouts
        Class of Gene
        Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
        Chromosome (arm)
        Recombination map
        Y-
        Cytogenetic map
        Sequence location
        FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
        Cytogenetic map
        Evidence for location
        Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
        Cytogenetic map
        Notes
        References
        Presence of 'bb+' on Y chromosome postulated by Burlingame and demonstrated by Stern (FBrf0001637). Located on YS proximal to ks-1 and ks-2 (FBrf0036525); it is located in the Hoechst-33258 dully fluorescing segment of YS designated h20 by Gatti and Pimpinelli (FBrf0039037). The rDNAs of the X and Y chromosomes combine to form a single nucleolus in which the rDNA components of each chromosome can be discerned by electron microscopy (FBrf0016748).
        Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
        Location

        YS-

        (Cooper, 1959, Stern, 1927)

        Y-

        Left of (cM)
        (Kennison, 1981)
        Right of (cM)
        Notes
        Stocks and Reagents
        Stocks (0)
        Genomic Clones (0)
         
          cDNA Clones (0)
           

          Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

          cDNA clones, fully sequenced
          BDGP DGC clones
            Other clones
              Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

              For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

                cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
                BDGP DGC clones
                  Other clones
                    RNAi and Array Information
                    Linkouts
                    Antibody Information
                    Laboratory Generated Antibodies
                     
                    Commercially Available Antibodies
                     
                    Cell Line Information
                    Publicly Available Cell Lines
                     
                      Other Stable Cell Lines
                       
                        Other Comments

                        Three phenotypes are associated with bobbed mutants: thinning and shortening of bristles, etching of the abdomen, and, in extreme cases, lethality. Of these phenotypes, bristle size and lethality are the most reliable. These phenotypes are somewhat variable from fly to fly and the bristle abnormality may be obscured by such mutations as f1, sn1 and ty1. bb-/0 males and bb-/In(1)sc4Lsc8R females have phenotypes similar to, but more extreme than, that of homozygous females. bb-/Y males are wild type, owing to presence of a normal allele of bb in YS; bb-/bb-/Y females are similarly normal in phenotype.

                        (Lindsley and Zimm, 1992)

                        In laboratory stocks, bb and Ybb mutants may arise spontaneously or inadvertently while selecting for mutagen-induced mutations at other loci. bb mutations may be induced at high frequency by carcinogenic hydrocarbons such as 7,12-dimethyl benzαanthracine (DMBA) (FBrf0020865; FBrf0021847) or multifunctional alkylating agents such as triethylenemelamine (Tartof).

                        (Lindsley and Zimm, 1992)

                        C(1)RM stocks carrying Ybb- accumulate modifiers that suppress the bb phenotype.

                        (Marcus et al., 1986)

                        Magnification alterations of the X chromosome bb locus may occur in males or females carrying the aberrant chromosome Ybb-.

                        (Komma and Endow, 1986, Ritossa, 1968)

                        Exchange between Xh and the Y chromosome at the bobbed locus results in YSXh. and X.YL products that arise at a frequency of about 2 x 10-4. mei-41 does not induce reversions of bb to bb+ as does Ybb- nor does it induce bb mutations on the Y.

                        (Hawley and Tartof, 1983)

                        When males carrying certain XY chromosomes are mated to females heterozygous for Rex1, free Y chromosomes carrying Ybb mutants are generated at high frequency (10-2).

                        (Robbins, 1981)

                        The rate of rRNA synthesis is reduced in bb-.

                        (Mohan, 1975, Shermoen and Kiefer, 1975, Mohan and Ritossa, 1970)

                        Reduction alterations of the X chromosome bb locus may occur in males or females carrying the aberrant chromosome Ybb-.

                        (Tartof, 1974, Locker, 1973, Tartof, 1973)

                        Both magnification and reduction may be the result of unequal sister-chromatid exchanges occurring at the X chromosome bb locus in the germ line of X/Ybb- males.

                        (Tartof, 1974)

                        A model of excision and reintegration of circular molecules of rDNA has been proposed.

                        (Ritossa, 1972)

                        bb and Ybb mutations are partial deletions of the rDNA locus. In bb and Ybb flies the rate of protein synthesis is limited by the amount of ribosomal RNA and the bb phenotype results in part because normal bristle production requires maximum protein synthesis on the part of the trichogen cells during a particular interval in development.

                        (Ritossa et al., 1966)

                        The bb and Ybb loci are the site of ribosomal RNA synthesis.

                        (Ritossa et al., 1966)

                        Exchange between Xh and the Y chromosome at the bobbed locus results in YSXh. and X.YL products that arise at a frequency of about 2 x 10-4.

                        (Lindsley, 1955)
                        Relationship to Other Genes
                        Source for database merge of
                        Additional comments

                        Many independent occurrences of Ybb have been recovered and designated without a superscript; consequently, alleles designated as Ybb are often unrelated.

                        (Lindsley and Zimm, 1992)
                        Nomenclature History
                        Source for database identify of
                        Nomenclature comments
                        Etymology
                        Synonyms and Secondary IDs (11)
                        Datasets (0)
                        Study focus (0)
                        Experimental Role
                        Project
                        Project Type
                        Title
                        Study result (0)
                        Result
                        Result Type
                        Title
                        External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 74 )
                        References (93)