Initially identified as one of a set of 19 candidate genes in a small genome-wide association study, the human gene SLC2A14 is proposed as a candidate susceptibility locus for Alzheimer disease. SLC2A14 encodes one of many integral membrane glucose transporters in human. There are also multiple glucose transporters in Drosophila; SLC2A14 is most similar to Dmel\Glut1, for which classical loss-of-function alleles, RNAi-targeting constructs, and alleles caused by insertional mutagenesis have been generated.
The human SLC2A14 gene has not been introduced into flies.
Animals homozygous for loss-of-function mutations of Dmel\Glut1 typically die during the pupal stage. Drosophila orthologs of genes identified as candidate susceptibility loci for Alzheimer disease for assessed for interactions with a tauopathy disease model (see 'tauopathies, MAPT-related' FBhh0000101); loss-of-function effected by RNAi and overexpression of Glut1 had significant effects, in opposite directions, upon the eye phenotype being assayed.
For fly transgenic constructs and classical alleles, detailed phenotypic descriptions can be found in the allele reports; allele reports can be accessed from the gene report or by clicking on the allele symbols in the Disease Ontology and Reagent tables below.
[updated Mar. 2018 by FlyBase; FBrf0222196]
Alzheimer disease (AD) is the most common form of progressive dementia in the elderly. [from MIM:104300; 2016.01.08]
Memory loss is the most common sign of Alzheimer disease. As the disorder progresses, some people with AD experience personality and behavioral changes; other common symptoms include agitation, restlessness, withdrawal, and loss of language skills. Total care is usually required during the advanced stages of the disease. Affected individuals usually survive 8 to 10 years after the appearance of symptoms, but the course of the disease can range from 1 to 25 years. Death usually results from pneumonia, malnutrition, or general body wasting. [from Genetics Home Reference, Alzheimer disease; 2016.01.08]
Alzheimer disease can be classified as early-onset or late-onset. The signs and symptoms of the early-onset form appear before age 65, while the late-onset form appears after age 65. The early-onset form is much less common than the late-onset form, accounting for less than 5 percent of all cases of Alzheimer disease. [from Genetics Home Reference, Alzheimer disease; 2016.01.08]
Members of the glucose transporter (GLUT) family, including SLC2A14, are highly conserved integral membrane proteins that transport hexoses such as glucose and fructose into all mammalian cells. GLUTs show tissue and cell-type specific expression. [Gene Cards, SLC2A14; 2018.03.08]
Many to many; multiple genes in both species.
Moderate-scoring ortholog of multiple SLC2A genes in human (many to many). Dmel\Glut1 shares 48-52% identity and 65-70% similarity with SLC2A3, SLC2A1, SLC2A4 and SLC2A14.
