EcoRI sna genomic DNA from -440bp to +1.9kb relative to the transcription start site, including 1.6kb of 5' flanking sequences and entire sna coding region, replaces the Ecol\lacZ gene of Ecol\lacZtwi.2PE. sna expression is influenced by the first 440bp of the twi 5' flanking region and two copies of the twi proximal element (PE) sequence.