FB2026_01 , released March 12, 2026
FB2026_01 , released March 12, 2026
Gene: Dmel\Alg3
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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\Alg3
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
ALG3 alpha-1,3- mannosyltransferase
Annotation Symbol
CG4084
Feature Type
FlyBase ID
FBgn0011297
Gene Model Status
Stock Availability
Enzyme Name (EC)
dolichyl-P-Man:Man5GlcNAc2-PP-dolichol alpha-1,3-mannosyltransferase (2.4.1.258)
Gene Summary
ALG3 alpha-1,3-mannosyltransferase (Alg3) encodes an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) transmembrane enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of the sixth mannose to (Man)5(GlcNAc)2-diphosphodolichol in the ER lumen. This is the sixth step in the synthesis of dolichol-linked oligosaccharide, the precursor required for N-linked protein glycosylation. [Date last reviewed: 2025-06-19] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)
Also Known As

l(2)not, l(2)tid, lethal(2)tumorous imaginal discs, tid, l(2)tud

Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
Sequence location
Recombination map
2-104
RefSeq locus
NT_033778 REGION:23705439..23709792
Sequence
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
Function
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (8 terms)
Molecular Function (2 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:Q92685
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000291297
Biological Process (4 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:Q92685
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000291297
Cellular Component (2 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:Q92685
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000291297
Protein Family (UniProt)
Belongs to the glycosyltransferase ALG3 family. (P82149Q27333)
Protein Signatures (InterPro)
Catalytic Activity (EC/Rhea)
dol-P-Man:Man(5)GlcNAc(2)-PP-Dol alpha-1,3-mannosyltransferase activity
an alpha-D-Man-(1->2)-alpha-D-Man-(1->2)-alpha-D-Man-(1->3)-[alpha-D-Man- (1->6)]-beta-D-Man-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcNAc-(1->4)-alpha-D-GlcNAc-diphospho- di-trans,poly-cis-dolichol + a di-trans,poly-cis-dolichyl beta-D-mannosyl phosphate = an alpha-D-Man-(1->2)-alpha-D-Man-(1->2)-alpha-D-Man-(1->3)- [alpha-D-Man-(1->3)-alpha-D-Man-(1->6)]-beta-D-Man-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcNAc- (1->4)-alpha-D-GlcNAc-diphospho-di-trans,poly-cis-dolichol + a di-trans,poly-cis-dolichyl phosphate + H(+) (2.4.1.258)
RHEA 29527:
Summaries
Gene Snapshot
ALG3 alpha-1,3-mannosyltransferase (Alg3) encodes an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) transmembrane enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of the sixth mannose to (Man)5(GlcNAc)2-diphosphodolichol in the ER lumen. This is the sixth step in the synthesis of dolichol-linked oligosaccharide, the precursor required for N-linked protein glycosylation. [Date last reviewed: 2025-06-19]
Gene Group (FlyBase)
DOLICHYL PYROPHOSPHATE MANNOSYLTRANSFERASES -
Dolichyl pyrophosphate mannosyltransferases add mannosyl residues to the 'chitobiose core' in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane during the process of protein N-glycosylation. The chitobiose core is composed of two N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) residues attached to the dolichol pyrophosphate (PP-Dol) lipid carrier ((GlcNAc[[2]]-PP-Dol)). Alg1, Alg2 and Alg11 enzymes act first to add extend this core with 5 mannose residues to form the Man[[5]]GlcNAc[[2]]-PP-Dol intermediate. The Alg3, Alg12 and Alg9 enzymes then further elongate this to form Man[[9]]GlcNAc[[2]]-PP-Dol. Following a final glucosylation step, the finished precursor oligosaccharide (Glc[[3]]Man[[9]]GlcNAc[[2]]-PP-Dol) is transferred to nascent peptides, where it will be further trimmed down and modified to produce the final glycoprotein. (Adapted from FBrf0235108.)
Pathway (FlyBase)
NEGATIVE REGULATORS OF TNFalpha-EIGER SIGNALING PATHWAY -
Negative regulators of Tumor Necrosis Factor α (TNFα) signaling pathway down-regulate the activation of the pathway triggered by Eiger (egr).
DOLICHOL-LINKED OLIGOSACCHARIDE BIOSYNTHESIS -
Synthesis of the dolichol-linked oligosaccharide (LLO) precursor is the first step in protein N-glycosylation. LLO is composed of a lipid carrier, dolichyl pyrophosphate, to which is attached a glycan containing 2 N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc), 9 mannose (Man) and 3 glucose (Glc) residues. LLO synthesis begins on the cytosolic side of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane and terminates in the ER lumen where the oligosaccharyl transferase (OST) complexes transfer the oligosaccharide to asparagine residues within a N-X-S/T sequon of a nascent protein co- and post-translationally. (Adapted from FBrf0235108.)
Protein Function (UniProtKB)
Probable alpha-1,3-mannosyltransferase involved in the N-glycosylation pathway (By similarity). Involved in glycosylation of the TNF receptor grnd, regulating its ligand affinity (By similarity). Required for normal epithelial growth and architecture (By similarity). Suppressor of JNK-dependent intestinal stem cell proliferation (By similarity).
(UniProt, P82149)
Probable alpha-1,3-mannosyltransferase involved in the N-glycosylation pathway (PubMed:29870719). Involved in glycosylation of the TNF receptor grnd, regulating its ligand affinity (PubMed:29870719). Required for normal epithelial growth and architecture (PubMed:29870719). Suppressor of JNK-dependent intestinal stem cell proliferation (PubMed:38944657).
(UniProt, Q27333)
Summary (Interactive Fly)

tumor suppressor gene - glycosyltransferase - glycosylation of the fly tumor necrosis factor Grindelwald

Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
1
Number of Unique Polypeptides
1

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\Alg3 for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Structure
Protein 3D structure   (Predicted by AlphaFold)   (AlphaFold entry Q27333)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.
Model Confidence:
  • Very high (pLDDT > 90)
  • Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
  • Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
  • Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures
Crossreferences
Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.52

Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
FBtr0072095
1704
510
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
UniProt
RefSeq ID
GenBank
FBpp0072004
58.4
510
9.99
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

There is only one protein coding transcript and one polypeptide associated with this gene

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)

510 (aa); 45 (kD observed); 56 (kD predicted)

Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\Alg3 using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
Linkouts
Expression Data
Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

3.40

Transcript Expression
in situ
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
Additional Descriptive Data

Alg3 transcript is detected ubiquitously throughout embryonic development. It is detected in all larval tissue except for the brain and salivary glands.

Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
immunolocalization
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
mass spectroscopy
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
western blot
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
Additional Descriptive Data

Alg3 protein is detected ubiquitously throughout embryonic development, but is not detected in larval stages.

Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\Alg3 in JBrowse
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
Images
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 14 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 11 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of Alg3
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of Alg3
Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 1 )
Inferred from experimentation ( 1 )
Gene partially duplicated in
Inferred from location ( 6 )
Variants
Variant Molecular Consequences
Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
Phenotypes
For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.
Lethality
Allele
Sterility
Allele
Other Phenotypes
Allele
Phenotype manifest in
Allele
Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Homo sapiens (Human) (1)
14 of 14
Yes
Yes
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (1)
14 of 14
Yes
Yes
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (1)
13 of 14
Yes
Yes
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (2)
11 of 13
Yes
Yes
1 of 13
No
No
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (1)
14 of 14
Yes
Yes
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (1)
13 of 14
Yes
Yes
Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (1)
12 of 12
Yes
Yes
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (1)
13 of 13
Yes
Yes
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (1)
13 of 13
Yes
Yes
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (1)
12 of 12
Yes
Yes
Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)
Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)
Data provided directly from OrthoDB:Alg3. Refer to their site for version information.
Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 1 )
Allele
Disease
Evidence
References
Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 1 )
Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 1 )
Allele
Disease
Interaction
References
Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)
Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
Homo sapiens (Human)
Gene name
Score
OMIM
OMIM Phenotype
DO term
Complementation?
Transgene?
Functional Complementation Data
Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
Interactions
Summary of Physical Interactions
Interaction Browsers
Summary of Genetic Interactions
Interaction Browsers

Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions
Starting gene(s)
Interaction type
Interacting gene(s)
Reference
Starting gene(s)
Interaction type
Interacting gene(s)
Reference
External Data
Linkouts
BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
Pathways
Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
Metabolic Pathways
External Links
KEGG Metabolic Pathways - A collection of manually drawn metabolic pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
External Data
Linkouts
KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.
Class of Gene
Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
Chromosome (arm)
2R
Recombination map
2-104
Cytogenetic map
Sequence location
FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map
Evidence for location
59F6-59F6
Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{PZ}apt03041 and P{EP}eglEP938
Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map
Notes
References
Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
Location
Left of (cM)
Right of (cM)
Notes
Stocks and Reagents
Stocks (13)
Genomic Clones (19)
cDNA Clones (29)
 

Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

cDNA clones, fully sequenced
BDGP DGC clones
Other clones
Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
RNAi and Array Information
Linkouts
DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
Antibody Information
Laboratory Generated Antibodies
 
Commercially Available Antibodies
 
Cell Line Information
Publicly Available Cell Lines
 
    Other Stable Cell Lines
     
      Other Comments

      In some strains the Alg3, l(2)rot and CG5504 genes are duplicated in tandem (Dp(2;2)KD). This 5327-bp duplication has been found in the Harvich and "a px o" strains, but not in Oregon-R or a "b If" strain.

      The l(2)rot open reading frame is located on the coding DNA strand localised in the Alg3 intron.

      CG5504, Alg3 and l(2)rot are nested genes with complex genetic and molecular interactions. Alg3 and l(2)rot may act upstream of CG5504, and be involved in its transcriptional regulation.

      Mutants display an imaginal disc neoplastic phenotype.

      Relationship to Other Genes
      Source for database merge of
      Additional comments

      The mutant phenotype of the "tumorous imaginal discs" (tid) gene was originally described in Kurzik-Dumke et al. 1992 (FBrf0055923), and was subsequently reported to encode a DnaJ-like molecular chap- erone in Kurzik-Dumke et al. 1995 (FBrf0080183). However, the "tid" gene was cloned incorrectly - aberrant cell proliferation in tid mutants arises not from disruptions to the DnaJ homolog (CG5504) but rather to an adjacent gene that encodes the mannosyltransferase Alg3 (CG4084, also called "neighbor of tid", "l(2)not"). To avoid confusion with the previous annotation, the CG4084 gene is referred to as "alg3". FlyBase curator comment: Also to avoid confusion, the "l(2)tid" gene has been renamed back to its CG identifier (CG5504).

      Nomenclature History
      Source for database identify of

      Source for identity of: l(2)not CG4084

      Source for identity of: Alg3 l(2)not

      Nomenclature comments
      Etymology
      Synonyms and Secondary IDs (27)
      Reported As
      Name Synonyms
      ALG3 alpha-1,3- mannosyltransferase
      ALG3, alpha-1,3- mannosyltransferase
      Asparagine-Linked Glycosylation-3
      l(2)tumorous disc
      l(2)tumorous imaginal discs
      lethal (2) neighbor of tid
      lethal(2) neighbour of 1(2)tid
      lethal(2) tumorous imaginal discs
      lethal(2)neighbour of tid
      tumorous imaginal disc
      α1,3-mannosyltransferase
      Secondary FlyBase IDs
        Datasets (0)
        Study focus (0)
        Experimental Role
        Project
        Project Type
        Title
        Study result (0)
        Result
        Result Type
        Title
        External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 58 )
        Sequence Crossreferences
        NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
        GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
        GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
        RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
        UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.
        UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
        Other crossreferences
        AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.
        DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
        EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
        FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
        FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics
        InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
        KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
        MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)
        Linkouts
        BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
        Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
        DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
        DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
        Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
        FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
        FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
        Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
        Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
        FlyMet - A comprehensive tissue-specific metabolomics resource for Drosophila.
        iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)
        Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution
        KEGG Metabolic Pathways - A collection of manually drawn metabolic pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
        KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
        Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.
        References (81)