FB2025_04 , released October 2, 2025
Gene: Dmel\wts
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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\wts
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
warts
Annotation Symbol
CG12072
Feature Type
FlyBase ID
FBgn0011739
Gene Model Status
Stock Availability
Gene Summary
warts (wts) encodes a tumor suppressor kinase in the Hippo pathway involved in the control of tissue growth. It also plays a post-mitotic role in R8 photoreceptor cells where it antagonizes the product of melt to control the bistable choice of Rhodospin expression. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-21] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)
Also Known As

lats, Warts/Lats, large tumor suppressor, LATS1, miracle-gro

Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
Sequence location
Recombination map
3-101
RefSeq locus
NT_033777 REGION:30789625..30806619
Sequence
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
Function
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (30 terms)
Molecular Function (4 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
inferred from physical interaction with UniProtKB:Q9VY77
inferred from physical interaction with UniProtKB:Q95RA8
inferred from direct assay
inferred from mutant phenotype
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (3 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
Biological Process (22 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (20 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
inferred from mutant phenotype
inferred from mutant phenotype
inferred from mutant phenotype
inferred from high throughput mutant phenotype
inferred from mutant phenotype
inferred from mutant phenotype
inferred from mutant phenotype
inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:sav; FB:FBgn0053193
inferred from mutant phenotype
inferred from direct assay
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (4 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN002390470
involved_in hippo signaling
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN002390470
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN002390470
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN002390470
Cellular Component (4 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (4 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
colocalizes_with adherens junction
inferred from direct assay
inferred from direct assay
colocalizes_with cell-cell junction
inferred from direct assay
located_in cytosol
inferred from direct assay
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (0 terms)
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. AGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. (Q9VA38)
Summaries
Gene Snapshot
warts (wts) encodes a tumor suppressor kinase in the Hippo pathway involved in the control of tissue growth. It also plays a post-mitotic role in R8 photoreceptor cells where it antagonizes the product of melt to control the bistable choice of Rhodospin expression. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-21]
Gene Group (FlyBase)
UNCLASSIFIED AGC KINASES -
This group comprises AGC kinases that do not classify under other groups in FlyBase.
Pathway (FlyBase)
HIPPO SIGNALING PATHWAY CORE COMPONENTS -
The Hippo signaling pathway is an intracellular kinase cascade in which hpo kinase in complex with sav, phosphorylates wts kinase which, in turn, phosphorylates yki transcriptional co-activator leading to its cytosolic retention. Activation of the Hippo pathway results in the down-regulation of cell proliferation and up-regulation of apoptosis, limiting tissue size. (Adapted from FBrf0224870).
Protein Function (UniProtKB)
Negative regulator of Yorkie (Yki) in the Hippo/SWH (Sav/Wts/Hpo) signaling pathway that plays a pivotal role in organ size control and tumor suppression by restricting proliferation and promoting apoptosis. The core of this pathway is composed of a kinase cascade wherein Hippo (Hpo), in complex with its regulatory protein Salvador (Sav), phosphorylates and activates Warts (Wts) in complex with its regulatory protein Mats, which in turn phosphorylates and inactivates the Yorkie (Yki) oncoprotein. The Hippo/SWH signaling pathway inhibits the activity of the transcriptional complex formed by Scalloped (sd) and Yki and the target genes of this pathway include cyclin-E (cycE), diap1 and bantam. Inhibits nuclear localization of Yki. Regulates salivary gland degradation in a PI3K-dependent manner and Yki- and Sd-independent, mechanism.
(UniProt, Q9VA38)
Summary (Interactive Fly)

a tumor suppressor kinase - regulates cell cycle - loss of gene function leads to the cell-autonomous formation of epithelial tumors in the adult integumentary structures derived from imaginal discs - plays a post-mitotic role in R8 photoreceptor cells where it antagonizes melt to control the bistable choice of Rhodospin expression

Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
1
Number of Unique Polypeptides
1

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\wts for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Structure
Protein 3D structure   (Predicted by AlphaFold)   (AlphaFold entry Q9VA38)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.
Model Confidence:
  • Very high (pLDDT > 90)
  • Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
  • Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
  • Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures
Crossreferences
Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.47

Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
FBtr0085720
5803
1105
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)

~6 (northern blot)

5.7, 4.7 (northern blot)

Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
UniProt
RefSeq ID
GenBank
FBpp0085082
122.5
1105
9.85
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

There is only one protein coding transcript and one polypeptide associated with this gene

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)
Comments
External Data
Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)

Interacts with yki. Interacts with jub.

(UniProt, Q9VA38)
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\wts using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
Linkouts
Expression Data
Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

-1.26

Transcript Expression
northern blot
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference

Comment: reference states 0-4 hr AEL

Additional Descriptive Data

wts transcripts are expressed throughout embryonic, larval, and pupal stages.

The 5.7kb wts transcript is detected throughout development.

The 4.7kb wts transcript is detected only in 0-4hr embryos and in adult males and females.

Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
mass spectroscopy
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
colocalizes_with adherens junction
inferred from direct assay
inferred from direct assay
colocalizes_with cell-cell junction
inferred from direct assay
located_in cytosol
inferred from direct assay
Expression Deduced from Reporters
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
Reporter: P{GawB}wtsGAL4
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
Reporter: P{lacW}P509-19
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\wts in JBrowse
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
Images
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 102 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 47 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of wts
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of wts
Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 21 )
Variants
Variant Molecular Consequences
Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
Phenotypes
For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.
Lethality
Allele
Sterility
Allele
Other Phenotypes
Allele
Phenotype manifest in
Allele
dorsal multidendritic neuron ddaC | somatic clone & dendritic tree
Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Homo sapiens (Human) (40)
11 of 14
Yes
Yes
 
5  
9 of 14
No
Yes
 
4  
3 of 14
No
No
1  
3 of 14
No
No
1  
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
1  
2 of 14
No
No
5  
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
1  
1 of 14
No
No
2  
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1  
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1  
1 of 14
No
No
1  
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1  
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
2  
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (27)
11 of 14
Yes
Yes
9 of 14
No
Yes
3 of 14
No
No
3 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (29)
11 of 14
Yes
Yes
10 of 14
No
Yes
3 of 14
No
No
3 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
Yes
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (22)
8 of 13
Yes
Yes
7 of 13
No
Yes
2 of 13
No
No
2 of 13
No
No
2 of 13
No
Yes
2 of 13
No
No
2 of 13
No
No
2 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
Yes
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (41)
10 of 14
Yes
Yes
9 of 14
No
Yes
3 of 14
No
No
3 of 14
No
No
3 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
Yes
1 of 14
No
Yes
1 of 14
No
Yes
1 of 14
No
Yes
1 of 14
No
Yes
1 of 14
No
Yes
1 of 14
No
Yes
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (19)
12 of 14
Yes
Yes
4 of 14
No
Yes
3 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (18)
10 of 12
Yes
Yes
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (46)
3 of 13
Yes
No
3 of 13
Yes
No
3 of 13
Yes
No
3 of 13
Yes
No
3 of 13
Yes
No
3 of 13
Yes
No
3 of 13
Yes
No
3 of 13
Yes
No
3 of 13
Yes
No
3 of 13
Yes
No
2 of 13
No
No
2 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
Yes
1 of 13
No
Yes
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
Yes
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
Yes
1 of 13
No
Yes
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
Yes
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
Yes
1 of 13
No
Yes
6  
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
Yes
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
Yes
1 of 13
No
Yes
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
Yes
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (19)
3 of 13
Yes
Yes
3 of 13
Yes
Yes
2 of 13
No
No
2 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (13)
2 of 12
Yes
No
2 of 12
Yes
No
2 of 12
Yes
No
2 of 12
Yes
No
1 of 12
No
No
1 of 12
No
No
1 of 12
No
No
1 of 12
No
Yes
1 of 12
No
No
1 of 12
No
Yes
1 of 12
No
No
1 of 12
No
No
1 of 12
No
No
Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)
Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)
Data provided directly from OrthoDB:wts. Refer to their site for version information.
Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (27)
4 of 13
3 of 13
2 of 13
2 of 13
2 of 13
2 of 13
2 of 13
2 of 13
2 of 13
2 of 13
2 of 13
2 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 8 )
Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 0 )
Human Ortholog
Disease
Evidence
References
Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 9 )
Allele
Disease
Interaction
References
model of  carcinoma
is ameliorated by Cdk1B47
model of  carcinoma
is ameliorated by Cdk1B47
is ameliorated by Cdk1E1-24
Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)
Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
Functional Complementation Data
Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
Dmel gene
Ortholog showing functional complementation
Supporting References
Interactions
Summary of Physical Interactions
Interaction Browsers

Please see the Physical Interaction reports below for full details
protein-protein
Physical Interaction
Assay
References
Summary of Genetic Interactions
Interaction Browsers

Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions
Starting gene(s)
Interaction type
Interacting gene(s)
Reference
Starting gene(s)
Interaction type
Interacting gene(s)
Reference
suppressible
suppressible
External Data
Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)
Interacts with yki. Interacts with jub.
(UniProt, Q9VA38 )
Linkouts
BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
Pathways
Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
Metabolic Pathways
FlyBase
External Links
External Data
Linkouts
KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
SignaLink - A signaling pathway resource with multi-layered regulatory networks.
Class of Gene
Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
Chromosome (arm)
3R
Recombination map
3-101
Cytogenetic map
Sequence location
FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map
Evidence for location
100A5-100A5
Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{PZ}ncd05884 and P{lacW}l(3)s2500s2500
Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map
Notes
References
100A2-100A5
100A1-100A5
Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
Location
Left of (cM)
Right of (cM)
Notes
Stocks and Reagents
Stocks (29)
Genomic Clones (16)
 

Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

cDNA Clones (17)
 

Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

cDNA clones, fully sequenced
BDGP DGC clones
    Other clones
      Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

      For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

      cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
      BDGP DGC clones
        Other clones
          RNAi and Array Information
          Linkouts
          DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
          Antibody Information
          Laboratory Generated Antibodies
          Commercially Available Antibodies
           
          Cell Line Information
          Publicly Available Cell Lines
          Other Stable Cell Lines
           
            Other Comments

            wts restricts intestine stem cell proliferation by limiting the activity of yki and sd in precursor cells.

            wts seems to have a crucial role in dendrite-specific morphogenesis.

            In wts mutants, dendrites initially tile the body wall normally, but progressively lose branches at later larval stages, whereas the axon shows no obvious defects.

            wts acts cell autonomously in class IV neurons.

            wts regulates expression of the ban miRNA.

            dsRNA made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene is tested in an S2 cell phosphorylation experiment to assess teh hpo signal transduction pathway.

            wts is a potential negative regulator of Jak/STAT signaling

            Involved in restricting tracheal terminal cell growth and branching.

            yki is a kinase substrate of wts, becoming phosphorylated by wts upon activation of the hpo pathway.

            Genetic analysis of double mutants shows that wts acts downstream of melt.

            wts is required to induce the photoreceptor cell R8 of yellow ommatidium fate and to repress the photoreceptor cell R8 of pale ommatidium fate.

            When dsRNA constructs are made and transiently transfected into S2 cells in RNAi experiments, an increase in the proportion of G1 phase cells seen.

            RNAi generated by PCR using primers directed to this gene causes a cell growth and viability phenotype when assayed in Kc167 and S2R+ cells.

            RNAi screen using dsRNA made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene causes a cell growth and viability phenotype when assayed in Kc167 and S2R+ cells.

            dsRNA made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene tested in RNAi screen for effects on Kc167 and S2R+ cell morphology.

            Some of the proteins of apico-lateral junctions are required both for apico-basal cell polarity and for the signalling mechanisms controlling cell proliferation, whereas others are required more specifically in cell-cell signalling.

            Molecular and genetic characterisation of wts reveals that wts encodes a predicted novel protein kinase. Mitotic recombination analysis demonstrates wts is required for the control of the amount and direction of cell proliferation as well as for normal cell morphogenesis. Loss of wts leads to a cell-autonomous formation of epithelial tumours in the adult integumentary structures derived from imaginal discs. wts is a tumour suppressor gene.

            Mitotic recombination clones homozygous for deficiencies of wts show overgrowth and abnormal morphogenesis indicating that wts is a tumor suppressor gene.

            Mutants display hyperplastic phenotype, showing tissue overgrowth in mitotic recombination clones.

            Two alleles were examined for zfh1 protein, and the mutations had no effect on zfh1 protein expression. Identification: Screen for zfh1 alleles.

            Relationship to Other Genes
            Source for database merge of
            Additional comments

            One of the introns of wts has the sequence and structural characteristics of a "mirtron"- mirtrons are encoded as an intron of another gene which accumulate as a lariats after splicing and require debranching enzyme for conversion into a functional miRNA. The mirtron encoded by the wts intron is mir-1013.

            Nomenclature History
            Source for database identify of

            Source for identity of: wts miracle-gro

            Nomenclature comments
            Etymology
            Synonyms and Secondary IDs (33)
            Reported As
            Symbol Synonym
            MENE (3R)-G
            Warts/Lats
            Wts
            (Bonello et al., 2023, Kim et al., 2023, Zhu et al., 2023, Ecovoiu et al., 2022, Kong et al., 2022, Zhang and Edgar, 2022, Boumard and Bardin, 2021, Cho and Jiang, 2021, Cong et al., 2021, Li and Hidalgo, 2021, Muñoz-Nava et al., 2021, Srivastava et al., 2021, Strutt and Strutt, 2021, Deng et al., 2020, Fulford and McNeill, 2020, Gou et al., 2020, Jang et al., 2020, Jasper, 2020, La Marca and Richardson, 2020, López-Gay et al., 2020, Ma et al., 2020, Mohammadi et al., 2020, Sahu and Mondal, 2020, Texada et al., 2020, Alégot et al., 2019, Borreguero-Muñoz et al., 2019, Gokhale and Pfleger, 2019, Matsui and Lai, 2019, Meltzer et al., 2019, Nan et al., 2019, Bae and Luo, 2018, Carmena, 2018, Elbediwy and Thompson, 2018, Enomoto et al., 2018, Fulford et al., 2018, Gou et al., 2018, Kim and Jho, 2018, Simón-Carrasco et al., 2018, Hu et al., 2017, Jang et al., 2017, Ma et al., 2017, Richardson and Portela, 2017, Tue et al., 2017, Yamamoto et al., 2017, Fagegaltier et al., 2016, Fallahi et al., 2016, Jiang et al., 2016, Meng et al., 2016, Pan et al., 2016, Saadin and Starz-Gaiano, 2016, Viets et al., 2016, Bae et al., 2015, Cao et al., 2015, Dong et al., 2015, Irvine and Harvey, 2015, Li et al., 2015, Li et al., 2015, Sun et al., 2015, Cao et al., 2014, Hu et al., 2014, Qing et al., 2014, Sadeqzadeh et al., 2014, Andersen et al., 2013, Degoutin et al., 2013, Enderle and McNeill, 2013, Johnston, 2013, Matsui and Lai, 2013, Pan et al., 2013, Puram and Bonni, 2013, Ren et al., 2013, Rister et al., 2013, Sidor et al., 2013, Thanawala et al., 2013, Vaque et al., 2013, Yin et al., 2013, Yu and Guan, 2013, Yu et al., 2013, Chen et al., 2012, Fausti et al., 2012, Liu et al., 2012, Chan et al., 2011, Genevet and Tapon, 2011, Gilbert et al., 2011, Halder and Johnson, 2011, Laprise, 2011, Losick et al., 2011, Salah and Aqeilan, 2011, Zhao et al., 2011, Cully et al., 2010, Genevet et al., 2010, Grzeschik et al., 2010, Ling et al., 2010, Ren et al., 2010, Thomson and Johnson, 2010, Yu et al., 2010, Yu et al., 2010, Feng and Irvine, 2009, Koike-Kumagai et al., 2009, Oh and Irvine, 2009, Zhang et al., 2009, Dutta and Baehrecke, 2008, Wu et al., 2008, Zhai et al., 2008, Dong et al., 2007, Feng and Irvine, 2007, Martin et al., 2007, Polesello and Tapon, 2007, Emoto et al., 2006, Hariharan, 2006, Polesello et al., 2006)
            l(3)100Aa
            wts
            (Yu et al., 2025, Fischer et al., 2024, Gao et al., 2024, Kroeger et al., 2024, Li et al., 2024, Luo et al., 2024, Portela et al., 2024, Sun et al., 2024, Weng et al., 2024, Fehon, 2023.12.12, Godfrey et al., 2023, Prasad et al., 2023, Zhao et al., 2023, Cao et al., 2022, Clarembaux-Badell et al., 2022, Crucianelli et al., 2022, Ding et al., 2022, Gao et al., 2022, Gnocchini et al., 2022, Karki et al., 2022, Kumar and Baker, 2022, Li et al., 2022, Liu et al., 2022, Perlegos et al., 2022, Rose et al., 2022, Yang et al., 2022, Bilder et al., 2021, Ding et al., 2021, Ferguson et al., 2021, Gogia et al., 2021, Gong et al., 2021, Kong et al., 2021, Lam Wong and Verheyen, 2021, Manzanero-Ortiz et al., 2021, Ostalé et al., 2021, Pang et al., 2021, Pojer et al., 2021, Sang et al., 2021, Strassburger et al., 2021, Tokamov et al., 2021, Xu et al., 2021, Yang and Choi, 2021, Zecca and Struhl, 2021, Bakshi and Joshi, 2020, Chen and Desplan, 2020, Chen et al., 2020, Funk et al., 2020, Gogia et al., 2020, Guo et al., 2020, Hao et al., 2020, Irwin et al., 2020, Kitatani et al., 2020, Melamed and Kalderon, 2020, Morata and Calleja, 2020, Port et al., 2020, Ueoka et al., 2020, Yu et al., 2020, Arbouzova et al., 2019, Chang et al., 2019, de Sousa et al., 2019, Fahey-Lozano et al., 2019, Gao et al., 2019, Gerlach et al., 2019, Herrera and Bach, 2019, Jain et al., 2019, Khadilkar and Tanentzapf, 2019, Kim et al., 2019, Luhur et al., 2019, Ly et al., 2019, Matsui et al., 2019, Politano et al., 2019, Snigdha et al., 2019, Sun et al., 2019, Texada et al., 2019, Tran et al., 2019, Yamamoto et al., 2019, Yee et al., 2019, Zhou et al., 2019, Albert et al., 2018, Azuma et al., 2018, Bohère et al., 2018, Cho et al., 2018, Courgeon et al., 2018, de Vreede et al., 2018, Fletcher et al., 2018, Forest et al., 2018, Gou et al., 2018, Jia et al., 2018, Katsukawa et al., 2018, Li et al., 2018, Oliveira et al., 2018, Saturnino et al., 2018, Tan et al., 2018, Tsai et al., 2018, Tsuboi et al., 2018, Wang et al., 2018, Xu et al., 2018, Yu and Pan, 2018, Anderson et al., 2017, Arata et al., 2017, Baker, 2017, de Morais et al., 2017, Heseding et al., 2017, Houtz et al., 2017, Moeller et al., 2017, Pascual et al., 2017, Su et al., 2017, Wells et al., 2017, Atkins et al., 2016, Bosveld et al., 2016, Deng et al., 2016, Huang et al., 2016, Jahanshahi et al., 2016, Jukam et al., 2016, Kuleesha et al., 2016, Liu et al., 2016, Losick et al., 2016, Mao et al., 2016, Park et al., 2016, Poon et al., 2016, Sakuma et al., 2016, Shih et al., 2016, Di Cara et al., 2015, Doggett et al., 2015, Enomoto et al., 2015, Fletcher et al., 2015, Gailite et al., 2015, Gaspar et al., 2015, Hirabayashi and Cagan, 2015, Kanoh et al., 2015, Keder et al., 2015, Kwon et al., 2015, Li et al., 2015, Parker and Struhl, 2015, Patel et al., 2015, Sidorov et al., 2015, Ugrankar et al., 2015, Wang and Baker, 2015, Wittkorn et al., 2015, Zaessinger et al., 2015, Zheng et al., 2015, Ashwal-Fluss et al., 2014, Bosch et al., 2014, Chen et al., 2014, Huang and Kalderon, 2014, Hu et al., 2014, Ikmi et al., 2014, Li et al., 2014, Lin et al., 2014, Oh et al., 2014, Rauskolb et al., 2014, Robbins et al., 2014, Sopko et al., 2014, Tipping and Perrimon, 2014, Campbell and Ganetzky, 2013, Huang et al., 2013, Ilanges et al., 2013, Jukam et al., 2013, Jukam et al., 2013, Koontz et al., 2013, Kwon et al., 2013, Kwon et al., 2013, Lucas et al., 2013, Ly et al., 2013, Mao et al., 2013, Marcinkevicius and Zallen, 2013, Oh et al., 2013, Pan et al., 2013, Sun and Irvine, 2013, Vaqué et al., 2013, Webber et al., 2013, Wehr et al., 2013, Yin et al., 2013, Yin et al., 2013, Yu et al., 2013, Chen and Verheyen, 2012, Hafezi et al., 2012, Hazelett et al., 2012, Justiniano et al., 2012, Marinari et al., 2012, Matakatsu and Blair, 2012, Nagaraj et al., 2012, Nawaz et al., 2012, Poon et al., 2012, Verghese et al., 2012, Ye et al., 2012, Bao et al., 2011, Boggiano et al., 2011, Chen et al., 2011, Fernández et al., 2011, Grusche et al., 2011, Kawamori et al., 2011, Kirsanov et al., 2011, Napoletano et al., 2011, Poon et al., 2011, Rauskolb et al., 2011, Reddy and Irvine, 2011, Salah and Aqeilan, 2011, Vasiliauskas et al., 2011, Wen et al., 2011, Zhang et al., 2011, Zhang et al., 2011, Baumgartner et al., 2010, Chen et al., 2010, Das Thakur et al., 2010, Dolezal et al., 2010, Fang and Adler, 2010, Ho et al., 2010, Milton et al., 2010, Nedelsky et al., 2010, Neto-Silva et al., 2010, Nicolay et al., 2010, Reddy et al., 2010, Ren et al., 2010, Ribeiro et al., 2010, Shaw et al., 2010, Varelas et al., 2010, Wendler et al., 2010, Zecca and Struhl, 2010, Zeng et al., 2010, Ziosi et al., 2010, Badouel et al., 2009, Peng et al., 2009, Zhang et al., 2009, Baena-Lopez et al., 2008, Dutta and Baehrecke, 2008, Nicolay and Frolov, 2008, Oh and Irvine, 2008, Shimizu et al., 2008, Simcox et al., 2008, Simcox et al., 2008, Sun et al., 2008, Yu et al., 2008, Zhang et al., 2008, Zhao et al., 2008, Fang and Adler, 2007, Meignin et al., 2007, Parrish et al., 2007, Pistillo and Desplan, 2007, Polesello and Tapon, 2007, Sprecher et al., 2007, Tountas and Fortini, 2007, Tyler et al., 2007, Wei et al., 2007, Bennett and Harvey, 2006, Cho et al., 2006, Colombani et al., 2006, Dorus et al., 2006, Hamaratoglu et al., 2006, Hamaratoglu et al., 2006, Nolo et al., 2006, Polesello et al., 2006, Willecke et al., 2006, He et al., 2005, Mikeladze-Dvali et al., 2005, Stanyon et al., 2004, Pantalacci, 2003, Sidorov et al., 2003, Sidorov et al., 2001)
            wts/lats
            Name Synonyms
            LARGE tumor suppressor
            Large Tumor Suppressor
            Warts kinase
            large tumor supressor
            warts/large tumour suppressor
            Secondary FlyBase IDs
            • FBgn0013549
            Datasets (1)
            Study focus (1)
            Experimental Role
            Project
            Project Type
            Title
            • bait_protein
            Interaction map generated by purification of Hippo pathway factors, with identification of copurifying proteins by mass spectrometry.
            Study result (0)
            Result
            Result Type
            Title
            External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 59 )
            Sequence Crossreferences
            NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
            GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
            GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
            RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
            UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.
            UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
            UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
            Other crossreferences
            AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.
            DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
            EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
            FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
            FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics
            KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
            MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)
            Linkouts
            BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
            Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
            DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
            DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
            Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
            FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
            FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
            Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
            Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
            iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)
            Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution
            KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
            MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
            MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
            SignaLink - A signaling pathway resource with multi-layered regulatory networks.
            References (689)