FB2025_04 , released October 2, 2025
Gene: Dmel\pic
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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\pic
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
piccolo
Annotation Symbol
CG7769
Feature Type
protein_coding_gene
FlyBase ID
FBgn0260962
Gene Model Status
Current
Stock Availability
14 publicly available
Gene Summary
piccolo (pic) encodes the Ddb1 protein, which functions to recruit substrate receptors to Cul4-based E3 ubiquitin ligase complexes, which catalyze the ubiquitylation and subsequent destruction of proteins that function in cell growth and proliferation as well as transcription, replication and repair of the genome. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-14] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)
All Summaries
Also Known As

DDB1, D-DDB1

Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
87D11-87D11
Sequence location
Recombination map
3-53
RefSeq locus
NT_033777 REGION:13052245..13056725
Sequence
Get Decorated FASTA
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
NCBI
UCSC
Ensembl
PopFly
Function
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (14 terms)
Molecular Function (2 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables protein binding
inferred from physical interaction with UniProtKB:Q7K0T0
(Hu et al., 2008)
inferred from physical interaction with UniProtKB:Q9VMI1
(Hu et al., 2008)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables nucleic acid binding
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR004871
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
Biological Process (9 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (6 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in DNA damage response
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Shimanouchi et al., 2006)
involved_in eggshell chorion gene amplification
inferred from direct assay
(Lin et al., 2009)
involved_in negative regulation of smoothened signaling pathway
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Li et al., 2018)
involved_in positive regulation of protein catabolic process
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Hu et al., 2008)
involved_in protein ubiquitination
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Li et al., 2018)
inferred from direct assay
(Hu et al., 2008)
involved_in wing disc development
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Shimanouchi et al., 2006)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (3 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in DNA repair
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000068364
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
involved_in proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process
traceable author statement
(Hu et al., 2008)
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000068364
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
involved_in ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:Q16531
(Gene Ontology Curators, 2002-)
Cellular Component (3 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (3 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in cytoplasm
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:Q16531
(Gene Ontology Curators, 2002-)
is_active_in nucleus
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000068362
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
located_in nucleus
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:Q16531
(Gene Ontology Curators, 2002-)
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR004871
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
is_active_in site of double-strand break
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000068364
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Pathway (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
Belongs to the DDB1 family. (Q9XYZ5)
Protein Signatures (InterPro)
Summaries
Gene Snapshot
piccolo (pic) encodes the Ddb1 protein, which functions to recruit substrate receptors to Cul4-based E3 ubiquitin ligase complexes, which catalyze the ubiquitylation and subsequent destruction of proteins that function in cell growth and proliferation as well as transcription, replication and repair of the genome. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-14]
Pathway (FlyBase)
NEGATIVE REGULATORS OF HEDGEHOG SIGNALING PATHWAY -
Negative regulators of hedgehog signaling down-regulate the pathway, resulting in the repression of transcription of hh-responsive genes.
Protein Function (UniProtKB)
Protein, which is both involved in DNA repair and protein ubiquitination, as part of the UV-DDB complex and DCX (DDB1-CUL4-X-box) complexes, respectively (By similarity). Core component of the UV-DDB complex (UV-damaged DNA-binding protein complex), a complex that recognizes UV-induced DNA damage and recruit proteins of the nucleotide excision repair pathway (the NER pathway) to initiate DNA repair (By similarity). The UV-DDB complex preferentially binds to cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPD), 6-4 photoproducts (6-4 PP), apurinic sites and short mismatches (By similarity). Also functions as a component of numerous distinct DCX (DDB1-CUL4-X-box) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complexes which mediate the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins (By similarity). The functional specificity of the DCX E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex is determined by the variable substrate recognition component recruited by DDB1 (By similarity). Required for degradation of gig (PubMed:18381890). Required for genomic stability in the face of endogenous DNA lesions and for the response to MMS-induced DNA damage (PubMed:16428319). Required for normal wing development (PubMed:16428319).
(UniProt, Q9XYZ5)
Phenotypic Description (Red Book; Lindsley and Zimm 1992)
pic: piccolo
Lethal or semilethal as homozygotes or heteroallelic heterozygotes. Survivors show the pic visible phenotype, i.e. short and thin or missing thoracic bristles, abnormal tergite morphology (as in bb), and, occasionally, wing defects.
Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
1
Number of Unique Polypeptides
1

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\pic for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Structure
Protein 3D structure   (Predicted by AlphaFold)   (AlphaFold entry Q9XYZ5)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.
Model Confidence:
  • Very high (pLDDT > 90)
  • Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
  • Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
  • Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures
Crossreferences
Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.47

Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
pic-RA
FBtr0082709
NM_142000
3881
1140
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
UniProt
RefSeq ID
GenBank
pic-PA
FBpp0082177
126.0
1140
5.02
Q9XYZ5
NP_650257
AAF54901
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

There is only one protein coding transcript and one polypeptide associated with this gene

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)
Comments
External Data
Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)

Component of the UV-DDB complex which includes DDB1 and DDB2; the heterodimer dimerizes to give rise to a heterotetramer when bound to damaged DNA (By similarity). The UV-DDB complex interacts with monoubiquitinated histone H2A and binds to XPC via the DDB2 subunit (By similarity). Component of numerous DCX (DDB1-CUL4-X-box) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complexes which consist of a core of DDB1, CUL4A or CUL4B and RBX1 (By similarity). DDB1 may recruit specific substrate targeting subunits to the DCX complex (By similarity). These substrate targeting subunits are generally known as DCAF (DDB1- and CUL4-associated factor) or CDW (CUL4-DDB1-associated WD40-repeat) proteins (By similarity). Interacts with Fbw5 and gig (PubMed:18381890). May interact with ohgt (PubMed:27702999).

(UniProt, Q9XYZ5)
Crossreferences
InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\pic using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Linkouts
Expression Data
Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

-0.05

Transcript Expression
in situ
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage 1 -- 3
organism

Comment: maternally deposited

(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 4 -- 6
organism | ubiquitous
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 7 -- 8
organism | ubiquitous
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 9 -- 10
organism | ubiquitous
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 11 -- 12
organism | ubiquitous
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 13 -- 16
organism | ubiquitous
(Fisher et al., 2012)
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
mass spectroscopy
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
adult stage
adult head
(Aradska et al., 2015)
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\pic in JBrowse
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Bulk Downloads
RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
Images
FlyBase Wiki
Image Based Resources
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 47 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 10 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of pic
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of pic
Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 21 )
Inferred from experimentation ( 21 )
Gene disrupted in
Df(3R)Exel6167
(Ryder, 2004.4.26)
Df(3R)kar-Sz11
(Rushlow and Chovnick, 1984, Hilliker et al., 1981, Hilliker et al., 1980)
Df(3R)kar-Sz28
(Szeged Stock Center, 1998-, Deak et al., 1997)
Df(3R)l26d
(Clark and Chovnick, 1986, DeLotto and Spierer, 1986, Bossy et al., 1984, Rushlow and Chovnick, 1984, Hall et al., 1983, Spierer et al., 1983, Hilliker et al., 1981, Hilliker et al., 1980)
Df(3R)ry27
(Gelbart and Chovnick, 1979)
Df(3R)ry75
(Clark and Chovnick, 1986, Bossy et al., 1984, Rushlow and Chovnick, 1984, Hall et al., 1983, Spierer et al., 1983, Hilliker et al., 1981, Hilliker et al., 1980)
Df(3R)ry614
(Clark and Chovnick, 1986, Rushlow and Chovnick, 1984, Spierer et al., 1983, Hilliker et al., 1981, Hilliker et al., 1980)
Df(3R)ry619
(Manseau et al., 1988, Rushlow and Chovnick, 1984, Hilliker et al., 1981, Hilliker et al., 1980)
Df(3R)ry1168
(Manseau et al., 1988, Rushlow and Chovnick, 1984, Hilliker et al., 1981, Hilliker et al., 1980)
Df(3R)ry1301
(Rushlow and Chovnick, 1984, Hilliker et al., 1981, Hilliker et al., 1980)
Df(3R)ry1402
(Rushlow and Chovnick, 1984, Hilliker et al., 1981, Hilliker et al., 1980)
Df(3R)ry1607
(Rushlow and Chovnick, 1984, Hilliker et al., 1981, Hilliker et al., 1980)
Df(3R)ry1608
(Rushlow and Chovnick, 1984, Hilliker et al., 1981, Hilliker et al., 1980)
In(3R)UbxR20
(Bender et al., 1983)
T(3;4)ryps1149
(Rushlow and Chovnick, 1984, Rushlow et al., 1984)
Tp(3;3)Dfdrv3
(Clark and Chovnick, 1986)
Gene not disrupted in
Df(3R)kar-lG27
(Bossy et al., 1984, Rushlow and Chovnick, 1984, Hall et al., 1983, Spierer et al., 1983, Hilliker et al., 1981, Hilliker et al., 1980)
Df(3R)l26c
(Bossy et al., 1984, Rushlow and Chovnick, 1984, Hall et al., 1983, Spierer et al., 1983, Hilliker et al., 1981, Hilliker et al., 1980)
Df(3R)lC4a
(Rushlow and Chovnick, 1984, Hilliker et al., 1981, Hilliker et al., 1980)
Df(3R)LG27
(DeLotto and Spierer, 1986)
Df(3R)ry36
(Clark and Chovnick, 1986, DeLotto and Spierer, 1986, Rushlow and Chovnick, 1984, Hilliker et al., 1981, Hilliker et al., 1980)
Inferred from location ( 6 )
Variants
Variant Molecular Consequences
Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
Phenotypes
For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.
Lethality
Allele
cell lethal | somatic clone
lethal
lethal (with Df(3R)Exel6167)
lethal (with Df(3R)kar-Sz28)
lethal | recessive
lethal - all die before end of larval stage, with Scer\GAL4Act5C.PHb
lethal - all die before end of larval stage, with Scer\GAL4Act5C.PU
lethal - all die before end of larval stage | recessive
lethal - all die before end of pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4ey.PH
lethal - all die before end of pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237
lethal - all die before end of second instar larval stage
lethal - all die during larval stage, with Scer\GAL4Cg.PA
lethal - all die during larval stage, with Scer\GAL4Mef2.PR
partially lethal - majority die
partially lethal - majority die (with pic2)
partially lethal - majority die (with picPL12c)
viable, with Dcr-2UAS.cDa, Scer\GAL4elav.PLu
viable, with Scer\GAL4tin.CΔ4
Other Phenotypes
Allele
abnormal cell shape | larval stage
abnormal cell shape | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4insc-Mz1407
abnormal cell shape | larval stage | somatic clone
abnormal developmental rate (with pic2)
abnormal developmental rate (with picPL12c)
abnormal immune response | adult stage | dominant
abnormal neuroanatomy | larval stage
abnormal neuroanatomy | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4insc-Mz1407
abnormal neuroanatomy | larval stage | somatic clone
abnormal size | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4ey.PH
abnormal size | larval stage
abnormal size | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4ey.PH
abnormal size | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4ey.PH, picEY01408
abnormal size | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4ey.PH, picRNAi.650.UAS
decreased cell number | larval stage
decreased occurrence of cell division | larval stage
decreased occurrence of cell division | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4insc-Mz1407
decreased occurrence of cell division | larval stage | somatic clone
decreased occurrence of cell division | somatic clone
increased cell death, with Scer\GAL4ey.PH
increased cell death | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4ey.PH
increased occurrence of cell division | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4ey.PH
melanotic mass phenotype
melanotic mass phenotype, with Scer\GAL4Act5C.PU
some die during larval stage, with Scer\GAL4Act5C.PHb
some die during larval stage, with Scer\GAL4Act5C.PU
some die during larval stage | recessive
some die during pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4ey.PH
some die during pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237
some die during second instar larval stage
visible, with Scer\GAL4ey.PH
visible, with Scer\GAL4ey.PH, picEY01408
visible, with Scer\GAL4ey.PH, picRNAi.650.UAS
visible (with pic2)
visible (with picPL12c)
Phenotype manifest in
Allele
abdominal tergite
adult head | P-stage, with Scer\GAL4ey.PH
embryonic/larval crystal cell | third instar larval stage
eye, with Scer\GAL4ey.PH
eye, with Scer\GAL4ey.PH, picEY01408
eye, with Scer\GAL4ey.PH, picRNAi.650.UAS
eye | somatic clone
eye disc, with Scer\GAL4ey.PH
eye disc & mitotic cell cycle, with Scer\GAL4ey.PH
eye disc posterior to the morphogenetic furrow | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4ey.PH
fat body, with Scer\GAL4Cg.PA
follicle cell | second instar larval stage
interommatidial bristle, with Scer\GAL4ey.PH
larval brain | larval stage
larval brain | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4insc-Mz1407
larval brain | larval stage | somatic clone
larval neuroblast | larval stage
larval neuroblast | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4insc-Mz1407
larval neuroblast | larval stage | somatic clone
macrochaeta (with pic2)
macrochaeta (with picPL12c)
melanotic mass
melanotic mass, with Scer\GAL4Act5C.PU
mesothoracic bristle
metathoracic bristle
ommatidium, with Scer\GAL4ey.PH
posterior scutellar bristle
sarcomere, with Scer\GAL4Mef2.PR
wing
wing disc | somatic clone | third instar larval stage
Z disc, with Scer\GAL4Mef2.PR
Orthologs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Homo sapiens (Human) (3)
Hsap\DDB1
14 of 14
Yes
Yes
Hsap\CPSF1
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\SF3B3
1 of 14
No
No
1  
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (3)
Rnor\Ddb1
14 of 14
Yes
Yes
Rnor\Cpsf1
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Sf3b3
1 of 14
No
No
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (3)
Mmus\Ddb1
13 of 14
Yes
Yes
Mmus\Cpsf1
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Sf3b3
1 of 14
No
No
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (3)
Xtro\ddb1
11 of 13
Yes
Yes
Xtro\sf3b3
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\wdr59
1 of 13
No
No
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (3)
Drer\ddb1
12 of 14
Yes
Yes
Drer\cpsf1
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\sf3b3
1 of 14
No
No
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (3)
Cele\ddb-1
13 of 14
Yes
Yes
Cele\cpsf-1
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\teg-4
1 of 14
No
No
Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (3)
Agam\AgaP_AGAP002472
12 of 12
Yes
Yes
Agam\AgaP_AGAP005549
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP011340
1 of 12
No
No
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (6)
Atha\DDB1A
13 of 13
Yes
Yes
Atha\DDB1B
13 of 13
Yes
Yes
Atha\AT3G11960
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\CPSF160
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\SAP130a
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\SAP130b
1 of 13
No
No
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (2)
Scer\CFT1
2 of 13
Yes
No
Scer\RSE1
2 of 13
Yes
No
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (4)
Spom\ddb1
11 of 12
Yes
Yes
Spom\rik1
3 of 12
No
Yes
Spom\cft1
1 of 12
No
No
Spom\prp12
1 of 12
No
No
Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)
Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)
Data provided directly from OrthoDB:pic. Refer to their site for version information.
Paralogs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Gene Symbol
Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (2)
Cpsf160
3 of 13
Sf3b3
3 of 13
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
    Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
    Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 0 )
    Human Ortholog
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Interaction
    References
    Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)
    Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
    Homo sapiens (Human)
    Gene name
    Score
    OMIM
    OMIM Phenotype
    DO term
    Complementation?
    Transgene?
    DDB1; damage specific DNA binding protein 1
    14 of 14
    600045
      Functional Complementation Data
      Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
      Interactions
      Summary of Physical Interactions
      Interaction Browsers
      View in FlyBase Interactions Browser   View in MIST tool (external link)
      Please see the Physical Interaction reports below for full details
      protein-protein
      Physical Interaction
      Assay
      References
      pic - Akt
      anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry
      (Vinayagam et al., 2016)
      pic - BRWD3
      experimental knowledge based
      (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
      pic - CG31855
      experimental knowledge based
      (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
      pic - Cul4
      anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot
      (Ly et al., 2019)
      pic - DCAF12
      anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot
      (Patrón et al., 2019)
      pic - Fbw5
      anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot
      (Hu et al., 2008)
      pic - Gprk2
      anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot
      (Li et al., 2018)
      pic - Ndc80
      anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting
      (Przewloka et al., 2007)
      pic - Nnf1a
      anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting
      (Przewloka et al., 2007)
      pic - Raf
      anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting
      (Friedman et al., 2011)
      pic - S6kII
      anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry
      (Vinayagam et al., 2016)
      pic - foxo
      anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry
      (Vinayagam et al., 2016)
      pic - gig
      anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot
      (Hu et al., 2008)
      pic - l(2)dtl
      experimental knowledge based
      (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
      pic - mahj
      anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot
      (Ly et al., 2019)
      pic - ohgt
      anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation
      (Wakabayashi et al., 2016)
      pic - smo
      anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot
      (Li et al., 2018)
      pic - wts
      anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, proximity ligation assay, fluorescence microscopy
      (Ly et al., 2019)
      Summary of Genetic Interactions
      Interaction Browsers
      View in FlyBase Interactions Browser   View in MIST tool (external link)
      Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions
      Starting gene(s)
      Interaction type
      Interacting gene(s)
      Reference
      pic
      suppressible
      DCAF12
      (Hwangbo et al., 2016)
      pic
      suppressible
      gig
      (Hu et al., 2008)
      pic
      enhanceable
      mahj
      (Ly et al., 2019)
      pic
      suppressible
      wts
      (Ly et al., 2019)
      pic
      suppressible
      yki
      (Ly et al., 2019)
      Starting gene(s)
      Interaction type
      Interacting gene(s)
      Reference
      mahj
      enhanceable
      pic
      (Ly et al., 2019)
      External Data
      Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)
      Component of the UV-DDB complex which includes DDB1 and DDB2; the heterodimer dimerizes to give rise to a heterotetramer when bound to damaged DNA (By similarity). The UV-DDB complex interacts with monoubiquitinated histone H2A and binds to XPC via the DDB2 subunit (By similarity). Component of numerous DCX (DDB1-CUL4-X-box) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complexes which consist of a core of DDB1, CUL4A or CUL4B and RBX1 (By similarity). DDB1 may recruit specific substrate targeting subunits to the DCX complex (By similarity). These substrate targeting subunits are generally known as DCAF (DDB1- and CUL4-associated factor) or CDW (CUL4-DDB1-associated WD40-repeat) proteins (By similarity). Interacts with Fbw5 and gig (PubMed:18381890). May interact with ohgt (PubMed:27702999).
      (UniProt, Q9XYZ5 )
      Linkouts
      BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
      DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
      MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
      Pathways
      Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
      Metabolic Pathways
      FlyBase
      External Links
      External Data
      Class of Gene
      Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
      Chromosome (arm)
      3R
      Recombination map
      3-53
      Cytogenetic map
      87D11-87D11
      Sequence location
      FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
      Cytogenetic map
      Evidence for location
      87D11-87D11
      Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{PZ}CtBP03463 and P{lacW}B52s2249&P{lacW}flflL4179
      Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
      Cytogenetic map
      Notes
      References
      87E1-87E2
      (determined by in situ hybridisation)
      (Deak, 1999.12.22)
      87E1-87E2
      (Brodsky, 1999.3.2)
      87E-87E
      (determined by in situ hybridisation)
      (Szeged Stock Center, 1998-)
      87E-87E
      (determined by in situ hybridisation) 87E1--3 (determined by in situ hybridisation)
      (Deak et al., 1997)
      Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
      Location

      3-53

      (FlyBase, 2016)

      3-50.4

      (Comeron et al., 2012)

      3-52.1

      Left of (cM)
      Right of (cM)
      Notes
      Stocks and Reagents
      Stocks (14)
      Genomic Clones (15)
       

      Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

      cDNA Clones (93)
       

      Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

      cDNA clones, fully sequenced
      BDGP DGC clones
      Other clones
      Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

      For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

      cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
      BDGP DGC clones
      Other clones
      RNAi and Array Information
      Linkouts
      DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
      Antibody Information
      Laboratory Generated Antibodies
       

      polyclonal

      (Ly et al., 2019)
      Commercially Available Antibodies
       
      Cell Line Information
      Publicly Available Cell Lines
       
        Other Stable Cell Lines
         
          Other Comments

          Area matching Drosophila damage-specific DNA binding protein, Acc. No. AF132145.

          (Davies, 2001.3.15)
          Relationship to Other Genes
          Source for database merge of

          Source for merge of: pic DDB1

          (Hu et al., 2008)
          Additional comments
          Nomenclature History
          Source for database identify of
          Nomenclature comments
          Etymology

          Gene is named "piccolo" based on the mutant phenotype of small bristles.

          (Hu et al., 2008)
          Synonyms and Secondary IDs (24)
          Reported As
          Symbol Synonym
          0263/16
          (Deak et al., 1997)
          1258/16
          (Deak et al., 1997)
          1366/03
          (Deak et al., 1997)
          153636_at
          (Kristensen et al., 2005)
          263/16
          (Deak et al., 1997)
          CG7769
          (Hosono et al., 2015, Christis and Munro, 2012, Ni et al., 2010.12.1, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5, Lin et al., 2009, Pedersen et al., 2008, Przewloka et al., 2007)
          D-DDB1
          (Takata et al., 2004, Takata et al., 2004, Takata et al., 2003)
          DDB-1
          (Przewloka et al., 2007)
          DDB1
          (Han and Jiang, 2022, Patrón et al., 2019, Li et al., 2018, Ozturk et al., 2013, Kondo and Perrimon, 2011, Lindquist et al., 2011, Levis, 2009.3.18, Lin et al., 2009, Jin et al., 2008, Somma et al., 2008, Turner et al., 2008, Zinzen et al., 2006)
          Dbd1
          (Lee et al., 2010)
          Ddb1
          (Hu et al., 2008, Shibutani et al., 2008, Lee and Zacharek, 2007, Zaratiegui, 2007)
          PIC
          (Wakabayashi et al., 2016)
          d-ddb1
          (Takata et al., 2002)
          dDDB1
          (Yang et al., 2016)
          dDdb1
          (Hu et al., 2008)
          ddb1
          (Ly et al., 2019, Hwangbo et al., 2016)
          l(3)87Dh
          l(3)S136603
          (Read et al., 2005)
          pic
          (Thompson et al., 2025, Kumar and Baker, 2022, Lee et al., 2018, Levis, 2018.8.30, Transgenic RNAi Project members, 2017-, Yu et al., 2016, Kavi et al., 2015, Zirin et al., 2015, Kwon et al., 2013, Moshkin et al., 2013, Friedman et al., 2011, Lee et al., 2010, Hu et al., 2008)
          Name Synonyms
          DDB1
          (Moshkin et al., 2013, Somma et al., 2008)
          Damage-specific DNA binding protein 1
          (Ozturk et al., 2013)
          Drosophila damage-specific DNA-binding protein 1
          (Takata et al., 2002)
          Piccolo
          (Wakabayashi et al., 2016, Zhou et al., 2013)
          damaged DNA binding protein 1
          (Takata et al., 2004)
          piccolo
          (Patrón et al., 2019, Lee et al., 2010, Hu et al., 2008)
          Secondary FlyBase IDs
          • FBgn0003084
          • FBgn0027049
          Datasets (0)
          Study focus (0)
          Experimental Role
          Project
          Project Type
          Title
          Study result (0)
          Result
          Result Type
          Title
          External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 45 )
          Sequence Crossreferences
          NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
          GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
          GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
          RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
          UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.
          UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
          Other crossreferences
          AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.
          BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
          DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
          EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
          FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
          InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
          KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
          MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)
          Linkouts
          BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
          Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
          DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
          DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
          FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
          FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
          Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
          Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
          FlyMet - A comprehensive tissue-specific metabolomics resource for Drosophila.
          iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)
          KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
          MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
          Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.
          References (106)