FB2026_01 , released March 12, 2026
FB2026_01 , released March 12, 2026
Gene: Dmel\Arglu1
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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\Arglu1
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
Arginine and glutamate rich 1
Annotation Symbol
CG31712
Feature Type
protein_coding_gene
FlyBase ID
FBgn0051712
Gene Model Status
Current
Stock Availability
7 publicly available
Gene Summary
Post-transcriptional regulator of gene expression; modulates splicing and premature cleavage at cryptic polyadenylation sites of its own pre-mRNA through binding and regulation of the U1-snRNP complex. (UniProt, Q9VL63)
Contribute a Gene Snapshot for this gene.
All Summaries
Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
30F1-30F1
Sequence location
Recombination map
2-38
RefSeq locus
NT_033779 REGION:9934767..9938134
Sequence
Get Decorated FASTA
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
NCBI
UCSC
Ensembl
PopFly
Function
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (5 terms)
Molecular Function (2 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables pre-mRNA binding
inferred from direct assay
(Chan and Pek, 2023)
enables U1 snRNP binding
inferred from direct assay
(Chan and Pek, 2023)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (0 terms)
Biological Process (0 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (0 terms)
Cellular Component (3 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in nucleus
inferred from direct assay
(Chan and Pek, 2023)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
is_active_in mitochondrion
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN001271790
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
is_active_in nucleoplasm
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN001271790
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
Belongs to the ARGLU1 family. (Q9VL63)
Protein Signatures (InterPro)
Summaries
Protein Function (UniProtKB)
Post-transcriptional regulator of gene expression; modulates splicing and premature cleavage at cryptic polyadenylation sites of its own pre-mRNA through binding and regulation of the U1-snRNP complex.
(UniProt, Q9VL63)
Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
2
Number of Unique Polypeptides
2

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\Arglu1 for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Structure
Protein 3D structure   (Predicted by AlphaFold)   (AlphaFold entry Q9VL63)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.
Model Confidence:
  • Very high (pLDDT > 90)
  • Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
  • Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
  • Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures
Crossreferences
Comments on Gene Model

Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.

Gene model reviewed during 5.45

Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
Arglu1-RA
FBtr0079896
NM_135483
1491
290
Arglu1-RB
FBtr0331636
NM_001273379
3159
284
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
UniProt
RefSeq ID
GenBank
Arglu1-PA
FBpp0079491
35.5
290
10.64
Q9VL63
NP_609327
AAF52833
Arglu1-PB
FBpp0304026
34.1
284
10.81
M9PB85
NP_001260308
AGB92843
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

None of the polypeptides share 100% sequence identity.

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)
Comments
External Data
Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)

Associates with the U1-snRNP complex; the interaction is enhanced by binding of Arglu1 to a stable intronic sequence RNA (sisRNA) produced from the Arglu1 gene by premature cleavage.

(UniProt, Q9VL63)
Crossreferences
InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\Arglu1 using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Linkouts
Expression Data
Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

-0.90

Transcript Expression
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in nucleus
inferred from direct assay
(Chan and Pek, 2023)
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\Arglu1 in JBrowse
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Bulk Downloads
RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
Images
FlyBase Wiki
Image Based Resources
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 4 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 4 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of Arglu1
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of Arglu1
Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 1 )
Inferred from experimentation ( 1 )
Gene disrupted in
Df(2L)Exel7043
(Ryder, 2004.4.26)
Inferred from location ( 6 )
Variants
Variant Molecular Consequences
Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
Phenotypes
For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.
Lethality
Allele
viable, with Dcr-2UAS.cDa, Scer\GAL4elav.PLu
viable, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237
viable, with Scer\GAL4tin.CΔ4
Other Phenotypes
Allele
short lived | heat sensitive, with Scer\GAL4tin.CΔ4
Phenotype manifest in
Allele
Orthologs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Homo sapiens (Human) (2)
Hsap\ARGLU1
11 of 14
Yes
Yes
Hsap\HYDIN
1 of 14
No
No
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (1)
Rnor\Arglu1
11 of 14
Yes
Yes
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (3)
Mmus\Arglu1
11 of 14
Yes
Yes
Mmus\Hydin
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Lamb2
1 of 14
No
No
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (1)
Xtro\arglu1
8 of 13
Yes
Yes
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (4)
Drer\arglu1a
11 of 14
Yes
Yes
Drer\arglu1b
11 of 14
Yes
Yes
Drer\appl2
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\lamb4
1 of 14
No
No
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (1)
Cele\F44E2.3
3 of 14
Yes
Yes
Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (1)
Agam\AgaP_AGAP009958
11 of 12
Yes
Yes
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (2)
Atha\AT1G10890
9 of 13
Yes
Yes
Atha\AT5G13340
7 of 13
No
Yes
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (0)
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (0)
Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)
Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)
Data provided directly from OrthoDB:Arglu1. Refer to their site for version information.
Paralogs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
    Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
    Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 0 )
    Human Ortholog
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Interaction
    References
    Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)
    Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
    Homo sapiens (Human)
    Gene name
    Score
    OMIM
    OMIM Phenotype
    DO term
    Complementation?
    Transgene?
    ARGLU1; arginine and glutamate rich 1
    11 of 14
    614046
        Functional Complementation Data
        Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
        Interactions
        Summary of Physical Interactions
        Interaction Browsers
        View in FlyBase Interactions Browser   View in MIST tool (external link)
        Please see the Physical Interaction reports below for full details
        protein-protein
        Physical Interaction
        Assay
        References
        Arglu1 - ATPsynCF6
        experimental knowledge based
        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
        Arglu1 - CG4119
        experimental knowledge based
        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
        Arglu1 - CG5646
        experimental knowledge based
        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
        Arglu1 - CG6686
        experimental knowledge based
        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
        Arglu1 - Echs1
        experimental knowledge based
        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
        Arglu1 - GstO3
        experimental knowledge based
        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
        Arglu1 - Gtpx
        experimental knowledge based
        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
        Arglu1 - Prp40
        experimental knowledge based
        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
        Arglu1 - Ssb-c31a
        experimental knowledge based
        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
        Arglu1 - eEF1δ
        experimental knowledge based
        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
        Arglu1 - l(2)37Cb
        experimental knowledge based
        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
        Arglu1 - regucalcin
        experimental knowledge based
        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
        Arglu1 - snRNP-U1-70K
        experimental knowledge based, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, quantitative reverse transcription pcr
        (Chan and Pek, 2023, Guruharsha et al., 2011)
        Arglu1 - ytr
        experimental knowledge based
        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
        RNA-protein
        Physical Interaction
        Assay
        References
        Arglu1
        anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, quantitative reverse transcription pcr
        (Chan and Pek, 2023)
        Arglu1 - snRNP-U1-70K
        experimental knowledge based, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, quantitative reverse transcription pcr
        (Chan and Pek, 2023, Guruharsha et al., 2011)
        Summary of Genetic Interactions
        Interaction Browsers
        Starting gene(s)
        Interaction type
        Interacting gene(s)
        Reference
        Starting gene(s)
        Interaction type
        Interacting gene(s)
        Reference
        External Data
        Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)
        Associates with the U1-snRNP complex; the interaction is enhanced by binding of Arglu1 to a stable intronic sequence RNA (sisRNA) produced from the Arglu1 gene by premature cleavage.
        (UniProt, Q9VL63 )
        Linkouts
        DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
        MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
        Pathways
        Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
        Metabolic Pathways
        FlyBase
        External Links
        External Data
        Linkouts
        Class of Gene
        Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
        Chromosome (arm)
        2L
        Recombination map
        2-38
        Cytogenetic map
        30F1-30F1
        Sequence location
        FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
        Cytogenetic map
        Evidence for location
        30F1-30F1
        Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{EP}CG5899EP701 and P{EP}CG4747EP594&P{lacW}l(2)k13305k13305
        Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
        Cytogenetic map
        Notes
        References
        Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
        Location

        2-38

        (FlyBase, 2016)

        2-32.4

        (Comeron et al., 2012)
        Left of (cM)
        Right of (cM)
        Notes
        Stocks and Reagents
        Stocks (7)
        Genomic Clones (10)
         

        Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

        cDNA Clones (52)
         

        Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

        cDNA clones, fully sequenced
        BDGP DGC clones
        Other clones
        Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

        For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

        cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
        BDGP DGC clones
        Other clones
        RNAi and Array Information
        Linkouts
        DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
        Antibody Information
        Laboratory Generated Antibodies
         

        polyclonal

        (Chan and Pek, 2023)
        Commercially Available Antibodies
         
        Cell Line Information
        Publicly Available Cell Lines
         
          Other Stable Cell Lines
           
            Other Comments
            Relationship to Other Genes
            Source for database merge of
            Additional comments

            Annotation CG5879 split into CG31712 and CG31876 in release 3 of the genome annotation.

            (FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2002-2003)
            Nomenclature History
            Source for database identify of

            Source for identity of: Arglu1 CG31712

            (Chan and Pek, 2023)
            Nomenclature comments
            Etymology

            Named 'Arglu1' after the human ortholog.

            (Chan and Pek, 2023)
            Synonyms and Secondary IDs (6)
            Datasets (0)
            Study focus (0)
            Experimental Role
            Project
            Project Type
            Title
            Study result (0)
            Result
            Result Type
            Title
            External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 31 )
            Sequence Crossreferences
            NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
            GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
            GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
            RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
            UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.
            UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
            UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
            Other crossreferences
            AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.
            DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
            EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
            FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
            FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics
            InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
            KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
            MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)
            Linkouts
            Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
            DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
            DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
            FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
            FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
            Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
            Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
            iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)
            MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
            References (31)