FB2026_02 , released June 18, 2026
FB2026_02 , released June 18, 2026
Gene: Dmel\clos
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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\clos
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
closca
Annotation Symbol
CG42600
Feature Type
protein_coding_gene
FlyBase ID
FBgn0261016
Gene Model Status
Current
Stock Availability
12 publicly available
Gene Summary
closca (clos) encodes a protein that is required, together with the products of fs(1)N and fs(1)M3, for their accumulation at the vitelline membrane and function in vitelline membrane integrity and Torso receptor activation. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-07] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)
All Summaries
Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
45F5-45F6
Sequence location
Recombination map
2-61
RefSeq locus
NT_033778 REGION:9587953..9599732
Sequence
Get Decorated FASTA
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
NCBI
UCSC
Ensembl
PopFly
Function
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (6 terms)
Molecular Function (1 term)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (0 terms)
Biological Process (5 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (4 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in dorsal/ventral axis specification
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Mineo et al., 2017)
involved_in terminal region determination
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Ventura et al., 2010)
involved_in torso signaling pathway
inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:tor; FB:FBgn0003733
(Ventura et al., 2010)
involved_in vitelline membrane formation involved in chorion-containing eggshell formation
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Ventura et al., 2010)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in signal transduction
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN001433325
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
Cellular Component (1 term)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in extracellular region
inferred from direct assay
(Ventura et al., 2010)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (0 terms)
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Pathway (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
-
Protein Signatures (InterPro)
Summaries
Gene Snapshot
closca (clos) encodes a protein that is required, together with the products of fs(1)N and fs(1)M3, for their accumulation at the vitelline membrane and function in vitelline membrane integrity and Torso receptor activation. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-07]
Pathway (FlyBase)
TORSO SIGNALING PATHWAY CORE COMPONENTS -
The formation of Drosophila embryonic termini is controlled by the localized activation of Torso (tor) receptor tyrosine kinase. The Torso signaling pathway acts via the canonical Ras/Raf/MAP kinase cascade. (Adapted from FBrf0157176.)
Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
1
Number of Unique Polypeptides
1

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\clos for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Structure
Protein 3D structure   (Predicted by AlphaFold)   (AlphaFold entry A8DQW8)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.
Model Confidence:
  • Very high (pLDDT > 90)
  • Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
  • Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
  • Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures
Crossreferences
Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.49

Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
clos-RD
FBtr0305178
NM_001103776
5621
1836
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
UniProt
RefSeq ID
GenBank
clos-PD
FBpp0293708
207.1
1836
6.01
A8DQW8
NP_001097246
ABV53743
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

There is only one protein coding transcript and one polypeptide associated with this gene

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\clos using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
Linkouts
Expression Data
Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

-0.13

Transcript Expression
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
immunolocalization
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
oogenesis stage S7 -- S10
oocyte
(Ventura et al., 2010)
mass spectroscopy
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
day 5 of adulthood | male -- day 7 of adulthood | male
spermatozoon
(Wasbrough et al., 2010)
Additional Descriptive Data

clos protein is first detected in early egg chambers in the presumptive oocyte. As egg chambers matured, it became stronger and was found at the periphery of the oocyte. Staining was observed in a finger-like pattern associated with microvilli formed by the oocyte plasma membrane.

(Ventura et al., 2010)
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in extracellular region
inferred from direct assay
(Ventura et al., 2010)
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\clos in JBrowse
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Bulk Downloads
RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
Images
FlyBase Wiki
Image Based Resources
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 8 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 12 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of clos
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of clos
Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 1 )
Inferred from experimentation ( 1 )
Gene disrupted in
Df(2R)Exel8049
(Ryder, 2004.4.26)
Inferred from location ( 1 )
Variants
Variant Molecular Consequences
Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
Phenotypes
Orthologs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Homo sapiens (Human) (5)
Hsap\TSPEAR
4 of 14
Yes
Yes
Hsap\ADGRV1
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\LGI1
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\LGI2
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\LGI3
1 of 14
No
No
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (5)
Rnor\Tspear
4 of 14
Yes
Yes
Rnor\Adgrv1
1 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Lgi1
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Lgi2
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Lgi3
1 of 14
No
No
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (5)
Mmus\Tspear
4 of 14
Yes
Yes
Mmus\Adgrv1
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Lgi1
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Lgi2
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Lgi3
1 of 14
No
No
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (3)
Xtro\tspear
3 of 13
Yes
Yes
Xtro\lgi1
1 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\sirt1
1 of 13
No
No
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (4)
Drer\tspeara
4 of 14
Yes
Yes
Drer\tspearb
3 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\lgi2b
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\lgi3
1 of 14
No
No
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (0)
Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (1)
Agam\AgaP_AGAP011897
10 of 12
Yes
Yes
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (0)
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (0)
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (0)
Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)
Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)
Data provided directly from OrthoDB:clos. Refer to their site for version information.
Paralogs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
    Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
    Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 2 )
    Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Interaction
    References
    Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)
    Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
    Homo sapiens (Human)
    Gene name
    Score
    OMIM
    OMIM Phenotype
    DO term
    Complementation?
    Transgene?
    TSPEAR; thrombospondin type laminin G domain and EAR repeats
    4 of 14
    612920
    Functional Complementation Data
    Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
    Interactions
    Summary of Physical Interactions
    Interaction Browsers
    View in FlyBase Interactions Browser   View in MIST tool (external link)
    Please see the Physical Interaction reports below for full details
    RNA-protein
    Physical Interaction
    Assay
    References
    clos - egl
    anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, quantitative reverse transcription pcr, full identification by DNA sequencing
    (Vazquez-Pianzola et al., 2017)
    Summary of Genetic Interactions
    Interaction Browsers
    View in FlyBase Interactions Browser   View in MIST tool (external link)
    Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions
    Starting gene(s)
    Interaction type
    Interacting gene(s)
    Reference
    clos
    suppressible
    tor
    (Ventura et al., 2010)
    Starting gene(s)
    Interaction type
    Interacting gene(s)
    Reference
    External Data
    Linkouts
    BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
    DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
    Pathways
    Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
    Metabolic Pathways
    FlyBase
    External Links
    External Data
    Linkouts
    Class of Gene
    Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
    Chromosome (arm)
    2R
    Recombination map
    2-61
    Cytogenetic map
    45F5-45F6
    Sequence location
    FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
    Cytogenetic map
    Evidence for location
    45F5-45F6
    Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{lacW}l(2)k09501k09501 and P{PZ}Mmp202353&P{PZ}Uba105642; Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{lacW}l(2)k09501k09501 and P{PZ}Mmp202353&P{PZ}Uba105642 45F6
    Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
    Cytogenetic map
    Notes
    References
    45F5-45F6
    Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{lacW}l(2)k09501k09501 and P{PZ}Mmp202353&P{PZ}Uba105642; Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{lacW}l(2)k09501k09501 and P{PZ}Mmp202353&P{PZ}Uba105642 45F6
    (Ventura et al., 2010)
    Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
    Location

    2-61

    (FlyBase, 2016)

    2-59.4

    (Comeron et al., 2012)
    Left of (cM)
    Right of (cM)
    Notes
    Stocks and Reagents
    Stocks (12)
    Genomic Clones (14)
     

    Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

    cDNA Clones (16)
     

    Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

    cDNA clones, fully sequenced
    BDGP DGC clones
    Other clones
    Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

    For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

    cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
    BDGP DGC clones
    Other clones
    RNAi and Array Information
    Linkouts
    DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
    Antibody Information
    Laboratory Generated Antibodies
     

    polyclonal

    (Ventura et al., 2010)
    Commercially Available Antibodies
     
    Cell Line Information
    Publicly Available Cell Lines
     
      Other Stable Cell Lines
       
        Other Comments

        New annotation (CG33479) in release 3.2 of the genome annotation.

        (FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2004)
        Relationship to Other Genes
        Source for database merge of

        Source for merge of: CG12927 CG1863 CG33479

        (FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2007)

        Source for merge of: CG12928 CG34364

        (FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2009)
        Additional comments

        Annotations CG12928 and CG34364 merged as CG42600 in release 5.19 of the genome annotation.

        (FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2009)

        FlyBase curator comment: Correspondence with author Ventura revealed that 'closca' corresponds to CG34364 and CG12928.

        (Ventura et al., 2008)

        Annotations CG12927, CG1863 and CG33479 merged as CG34364 in release 5.2 of the genome annotation.

        (FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2007)
        Nomenclature History
        Source for database identify of

        Source for identity of: clos CG42600

        (Ventura et al., 2010)
        Nomenclature comments
        Etymology

        The gene is named "closca", the Catalan word for "eggshell" since mutant females lay eggs that collapse after deposition.

        (Ventura et al., 2010)
        Synonyms and Secondary IDs (9)
        Datasets (0)
        Study focus (0)
        Experimental Role
        Project
        Project Type
        Title
        Study result (0)
        Result
        Result Type
        Title
        External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 26 )
        Sequence Crossreferences
        NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
        GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
        GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
        RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
        UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.
        UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
        Other crossreferences
        AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.
        DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
        EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
        FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
        InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
        KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
        MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)
        Linkouts
        BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
        Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
        DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
        DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
        Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
        FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
        FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
        Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
        Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
        iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)
        References (46)