Source was live S2R+ cells; bait produced from transfected construct; prey produced from transfected construct.

Bait protein was fused plekstrin homology domain membrane anchor, which targets the chimera to the plasma membrane. The ability of this chimera to recruit prey protein to the plasma membrane was taken as evidence of direct physical interaction.

Source was yeast cell line; bait produced as transgenic fusion protein; prey produced as transgenic fusion protein (prey was previously cloned reagent).

Two-hybrid system: yeast split ubiquitin