Kane, N.S., Robichon, A., Dickinson, J.A., Greenspan, R.J. (1997). Learning without performance in PKC-deficient Drosophila.  Neuron 18(2): 307--314.

FBrf0092580

Research paper

The performance of a task is often assumed to be a prerequisite for the learning of many tasks, including the associative conditioning of courtship in the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster. Transgenic flies specifically inhibited for the enzyme protein kinase C dissociate the acquisition of learning and memory from performance of the task. They fail to show immediate suppression of courtship but nonetheless develop normal memory of it.