When pyrScer\UAS.cKa is expressed in the entire mesoderm under the control of Scer\GAL4twi.PG the migrating longitudinal visceral muscle (LVM) precursors fail to divide into the two bilateral streams seen in wild type and instead occupy areas around the midline. The cells are oriented more randomly and migration is much less directional compared to wild type. At later stages partial loss of LVM cells is seen. After germ cell retraction none of the remaining LVMs have migrated to the anterior trunk visceral mesoderm, and are instead retained in the posterior third of the embryo, where they form irregular aggregates of fibers.
Expression of pyrScer\UAS.cKa in the dorsal ectoderm under the control of Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237 causes most of the longitudinal visceral muscle (LVM) founder cells to take a more lateral migration path, rather than their usual route towards the trunk visceral mesoderm (TVM). Many LVM founders target towards the pericardial and somatic muscle progenitors in the dorsal mesoderm, often surrounding them and sending extensions toward the ectoderm. However long range migration towards the anterior of the embryo is partially inhibited and at stage 15 the LVM fibres are located more densely near the posterior dorsal ectoderm rather than around the midgut as in wild type.
Expression of pyrScer\UAS.cKa in the trunk visceral mesoderm (TVM) under the control of Scer\GAL4bap.3 has no effect on the direction or distance of longitudinal visceral muscle (LVM) founder cell migration in the stage 12/13 embryo. However mild disruption in the arrangement of the LVM fibers is seen in stage 14 embryos.
Expression of pyrScer\UAS.cKa under the control of Scer\GAL469B results in mesoderm migration defects in the embryo; mesoderm spreading occurs, but a cell monolayer is not formed.
Df(2R)BSC25, Scer\GAL4sim.P3.7, pyrUAS.cKa, thsUAS.cSa has abnormal cell migration | embryonic stage phenotype
Df(2R)BSC25, Scer\GAL4fkh.PH, pyrUAS.cKa has decreased cell number | embryonic stage phenotype
Df(2R)BSC25, Scer\GAL4fkh.PH, pyrUAS.cKa has abnormal cell migration | embryonic stage phenotype
Df(2R)BSC25, Scer\GAL4bap.3, pyrUAS.cKa has abnormal cell migration | embryonic stage phenotype
Scer\GAL4elav-C155/pyrUAS.cKa partially rescues Df(2R)BSC25
Scer\GAL4VGlut1-OK371/pyrUAS.cKa partially rescues Df(2R)BSC25
Scer\GAL4Ntan1-Mz97/pyrUAS.cKa partially rescues Df(2R)BSC25
Scer\GAL4twi.PG/pyrUAS.cKa partially rescues Df(2R)BSC259/Df(2R)BSC25
Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237/pyrUAS.cKa partially rescues Df(2R)BSC259/Df(2R)BSC25
Scer\GAL4bap.3/pyrUAS.cKa partially rescues Df(2R)BSC259/Df(2R)BSC25
Scer\GAL448Y/pyrUAS.cKa partially rescues Df(2R)BSC259/Df(2R)BSC25
Expression of pyrScer\UAS.cKa under the control of either Scer\GAL4elav-C155 or Scer\GAL4VGlut-OK371 partially rescues infiltration of astrocyte processes into the neuropil in Df(2R)BSC25 embryos, however, migration of the ventral-most astrocyte is not rescued.
Expression of pyrScer\UAS.cKa under the control of Scer\GAL4tub.PU in single neurons in the central nervous system (using the RN2-FLP clone system) fails to rescue astrocyte process outgrowth in Df(2R)BSC25 embryos.
Expression of pyrScer\UAS.cKa under the control of Scer\GAL4Mz97 partially rescues infiltration of astrocyte processes into the neuropil in Df(2R)BSC25 embryos, however, migration of the ventral-most astrocyte is not rescued. In addition, ectopic astrocyte projections are seen along the dorsal central nervous system surface and nerves and astrocyte cell bodies are displaced to dorsal and lateral positions.
Expression of pyrScer\UAS.cKa in the entire mesoderm under the control of Scer\GAL4twi.PG fails to rescue the long-range longitudinal visceral muscle (LVM) founder cell migration defects seen in Df(2R)BSC25/Df(2R)BSC259 (FGF8 null) mutant embryos. However founder cell survival is partially rescued.
Expression of pyrScer\UAS.cKa in the dorsal ectoderm under the control of Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237 partially rescues the long-range longitudinal visceral muscle (LVM) founder cell migration defects seen in Df(2R)BSC25/Df(2R)BSC259 (FGF8 null) mutant embryos. Whilst some cells take the route seen in wild type most of the cells take a more lateral migration path under the dorsal ectoderm. Far fewer cells migrate along the trunk visceral mesoderm (TVM).
Expression of pyrScer\UAS.cKa in the trunk visceral mesoderm (TVM) under the control of Scer\GAL4bap.3 significantly rescues the long-range longitudinal visceral muscle (LVM) founder cell migration defects seen in Df(2R)BSC25/Df(2R)BSC259 (FGF8 null) mutant embryos, although the migrating cells are arranged in a less orderly fashion. Founder cell survival is also rescued. The morphogenesis of the LVMs proceeds but some arrangement defects are seen.
Expression of pyrScer\UAS.cKa under the control of Scer\GAL448Y significantly rescues the long-range longitudinal visceral muscle (LVM) founder cell migration defects seen in Df(2R)BSC25/Df(2R)BSC259 (FGF8 null) mutant embryos, although the migrating cells are arranged in a less orderly fashion. Founder cell survival is also rescued. The morphogenesis of the LVMs proceeds but some arrangement defects are seen.
Expression of pyrScer\UAS.cKa under the control of Scer\GAL4sim.P3.7 does not rescue mesoderm spreading in Df(2R)BSC25 embryos and in fact, clumps of mesoderm cells are observed overlying the site of ectopic pyr expression.
Expression of pyrScer\UAS.cKa under the control of Scer\GAL4zen.Kr.PF partially rescues mesoderm spreading in Df(2R)BSC25 embryos, being sufficient to direct mesoderm cells towards dorsal regions of the ectoderm in the lower ventral half of the embryo, and also of directing the movement of mesoderm cells in the top half of the embryos.
