FB2026_02 , released June 18, 2026
Allele: Dmel\Parg27.1
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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\Parg27.1
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
FlyBase ID
FBal0156102
Feature type
allele
Associated gene
Dmel\Parg
Associated Insertion(s)
Carried in Construct
Key Links
Allele class
Mutagen
Nature of the Allele
Allele class
Mutagen
P-element activity
(Hanai et al., 2004)
Progenitor genotype
PargEP351
(Hanai et al., 2004)
Cytology
Description

Imprecise excision of P{EP}PargEP351 has deleted two-thirds of the Parg ORF (nucleotides 34,622-36,079 by numbering of GenBank Z98254).

(Hanai et al., 2004)
Mutations Mapped to the Genome
Curation Data
Type
Location
Additional Notes
References
Variant Molecular Consequences
Associated Sequence Data
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank
DNA sequence
Protein sequence
 
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Expression Data
      Reporter Expression
      Additional Information
      Statement
      Reference
       
      Marker for
      Reflects expression of
      Reporter construct used in assay
      Human Disease Associations
      Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
      Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 1 )
      Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
      Disease
      Interaction
      References
      Comments on Models/Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
       
      Disease-implicated variant(s)
       
      Phenotypic Data
      Phenotypic Class

      abnormal developmental rate

      (Bordet and Tulin, 2024)

      abnormal developmental rate, with PargSA.UAS.EYFP, Scer\GAL469B

      (Bordet et al., 2022)

      abnormal neuroanatomy | adult stage

      (Hanai et al., 2004)

      decreased fecundity | nutrition conditional, with PargSA.UAS.EYFP, Scer\GAL469B

      (Bordet et al., 2022)

      increased cell number | oogenesis, with PargSA.UAS.EYFP, Scer\GAL469B

      (Bordet et al., 2022)

      lethal | pupal stage

      (Tulin et al., 2006)

      melanotic mass phenotype | adult stage

      (Hanai et al., 2004)

      partially lethal - majority die, with PargSA.UAS.EYFP, Scer\GAL469B

      (Bordet et al., 2022)

      partially lethal - majority die, with PargSE.UAS.EYFP, Scer\GAL469B

      (Bordet et al., 2022)

      partially lethal - majority die | embryonic stage

      (Hanai et al., 2004)

      partially lethal - majority die | larval stage

      (Hanai et al., 2004)

      partially lethal - majority die | pupal stage | cold sensitive

      (Hanai et al., 2004)

      short lived

      (Hanai et al., 2004)

      short lived, with PargSA.UAS.EYFP, Scer\GAL469B

      (Bordet et al., 2022)

      short lived, with PargSE.UAS.EYFP, Scer\GAL469B

      (Bordet et al., 2022)

      short lived, with PargΔCter.UAS.EGFP, Scer\GAL469B

      (Bordet and Tulin, 2024)

      some die during embryonic stage | maternal effect, with PargSA.UAS.EYFP, Scer\GAL469B

      (Bordet et al., 2022)

      some die during larval stage

      (Tulin et al., 2006)

      some die during larval stage, with PargSA.UAS.EYFP, Scer\GAL469B

      (Bordet et al., 2022)

      some die during larval stage, with PargSE.UAS.EYFP, Scer\GAL469B

      (Bordet et al., 2022)

      some die during P-stage, with PargSE.UAS.EYFP, Scer\GAL469B

      (Bordet et al., 2022)

      sterile

      (Hanai et al., 2004)
      Phenotype Manifest In
      Detailed Description
      Statement
      Reference

      Similarly to wild-type clones, egg chambers with Parg27.1 mutant germline clones or follicle cell clones only do not show oocyte mislocalisation. However, egg chambers bearing Parg27.1 mutant clones, both in the follicle cells, including the polar cells, and the germline cells, exhibit mislocalisation of the oocyte to its midpoint.

      Three days after clone induction, Parg27.1 mutant germline stem cells (GSCs) and cysts are present in the germarium. Two weeks after clone induction, Parg27.1 mutant germline stem cells are lost in 95% of the germaria where the developing Parg27.1 mutant egg chamber is visible. Marked wild-type GSCs are still retained in 80% of germaria.

      (Ji and Tulin, 2012)

      The number and size of histone locus bodies and cajal bodies is significantly increased in mutant salivary gland nuclei compared to wild type.

      (Kotova et al., 2009)

      Almost all Parg27.1 hemizygous male embryos laid by Parg27.1 females hatch, and two-thirds of the resulting larvae develop to the pupal stage, but die before eclosion if raised at 25oC. However, when raised at 29oC, approximately 25% of these embryos develop into morphologically normal adults with an average lifespan of 16 days at 25oC. These adults show abnormal levels of poly-(ADP-ribose) accumulation, particularly in the CNS and eyes. Most drag their wings and do not fly and 75% develop a black spot in one or both of the base joints of the second limb, which appears to disable this limb. Gross neuro-anatomy in these flies is relatively normal when flies first emerge, but increasing neurodegeneration is seen as they age. Accumulation of abnormal particles adjacent to the nucleoli of neurons is apparent within a few days of eclosion. These particles become increasingly abundant with age, correlating with morphological signs of cell death in these cells. Both Parg27.1 hemizygous males and homozygous females are sterile.

      (Hanai et al., 2004)
      External Data
      Interactions
      Show genetic interaction network for Enhancers & Suppressors
      Phenotypic Class
      Suppressor of
      Statement
      Reference

      Parg27.1/Parg[+] is a suppressor | partially of lethal phenotype of Parp1c03256

      (Kotova et al., 2010)
      Phenotype Manifest In
      Additional Comments
      Genetic Interactions
      Statement
      Reference

      Expression of shgScer\UAS.P\T.cJa in the germline using Scer\GAL4nos.UTR.T:Hsim\VP16 is sufficient to rescue the oocyte mislocalisation in Parg27.1 mutant follicles, including the polar cells and germline cell clones.

      Parg27.1/+ enhances the oocyte-mislocalisation phenotype of Hrb98DEd05172/Df(3R)Exel6209 mutants.

      Expression of Hrb98DEScer\UAS.P\T.T:Disc\RFP in the germline under the control of Scer\GAL4nos.UTR.T:Hsim\VP16 fully rescues the oocyte mislocalisation in Parg27.1/+; Hrb98DEd05172/Df(3R)Exel6209 mutants.

      Expression of shgScer\UAS.P\T.cJa in the germline under the control of Scer\GAL4nos.UTR.T:Hsim\VP16 fully rescues the oocyte mislocalisation in Parg27.1/+; Hrb98DEd05172/Df(3R)Exel6209 mutants.

      Parg27.1/+ causes a more rapid germline stem cell loss in Hrb98DEd05172/Df(3R)Exel6209 mutants.

      Expression of shgScer\UAS.P\T.cJa in the germline under the control of Scer\GAL4nos.UTR.T:Hsim\VP16 fully restores the germline stem cell (GSC) maintenance ability in Parg27.1/+; Hrb98DEd05172/Df(3R)Exel6209 mutants.

      With expression of shgScer\UAS.P\T.cJa in germline cells under the control of Scer\GAL4nos.UTR.T:Hsim\VP16, the Parg27.1 mutant GSCs are still maintained in 65% of germaria 2 weeks after clone induction, which is comparable to the maintenance rate of the marked wild-type GSCs.

      (Ji and Tulin, 2012)

      The viability of Parg27.1/+; Parpc03256/Parpc03256 animals after exposure to 36Gy irradiation at the third larval instar stage is not significantly different from that of wild-type controls.

      (Kotova et al., 2010)
      Xenogenetic Interactions
      Statement
      Reference
      Complementation and Rescue Data
      Rescued by

      Parg27.1 is rescued by PargUAS.EGFP/Scer\GAL469B

      (Bordet and Tulin, 2024)

      Parg27.1 is rescued by PargΔCter.UAS.EGFP/Scer\GAL469B

      (Bordet and Tulin, 2024)

      Parg27.1 is rescued by PargUAS.EGFP/Scer\GAL469B

      (Kotova et al., 2009)

      Parg27.1 is rescued by PargUAS.EGFP/Scer\GAL469B

      (Tulin et al., 2006)

      Parg27.1 is rescued by Parghs.HP

      (Hanai et al., 2004)

      Parg27.1 is rescued by PargEGFP

      (Hanai et al., 2004)
      Comments

      Expression of PargScer\UAS.T:Avic\GFP-EGFP under the control of Scer\GAL469B rescues the lethality of Parg27.1 animals.

      (Kotova et al., 2009)

      The sterility and leg and wing phenotypes of Parg27.1 mutant adults are rescued by PargT:Avic\GFP-EGFP or Parghs.HP.

      (Hanai et al., 2004)
      Images (0)
      Mutant
      Wild-type
      Stocks (2)
      Notes on Origin
      Discoverer
      External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 0 )
      Synonyms and Secondary IDs (3)
      References (18)