FlyBase Allele Report: Dmel\PPO2[Δ]

General Information

Symbol

Dmel\PPO2^Δ

Species

D. melanogaster

Name

FlyBase ID

FBal0296085

Feature type

allele

Associated gene

Dmel\PPO2

Associated Insertion(s)

Carried in Construct

Key Links

Allele class

amorphic allele - molecular evidence

Mutagen

minos activity

Nature of the Allele

Allele class

amorphic allele - molecular evidence

(Binggeli et al., 2014)

Mutagen

minos activity

(Binggeli et al., 2014)

Progenitor genotype

Mi{ET1}PPO2^MB05593

(Binggeli et al., 2014)

Caused by aberration

Df(2R)PPO2^Δ

Cytology

Description

Imprecise excision of the progenitor Mi{ET1}PPO2^MB05593 insertion, resulting in a 5.2kb deletion which removes the entire coding sequence of PPO2 as well as 2kb of the 3' non-coding portion of CG13743 (this does not affect the expression of CG13743).

(Binggeli et al., 2014)

Mutations Mapped to the Genome

Curation Data

Type

Location

Additional Notes

References

Variant Molecular Consequences

Associated Sequence Data

DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank

DNA sequence

Protein sequence

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Expression Data

Reporter Expression

Additional Information

Statement

Reference

Marker for

Reflects expression of

Reporter construct used in assay

Human Disease Associations

Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Disease

Evidence

References

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Disease

Interaction

References

Comments on Models/Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Disease-implicated variant(s)

Phenotypic Data

Phenotypic Class

abnormal immune response | larval stage

(Binggeli et al., 2014)

viable

(Binggeli et al., 2014)

Phenotype Manifest In

embryonic/larval crystal cell

(Binggeli et al., 2014)

Detailed Description

Statement

Reference

Crystals are not present in the crystal cells of mutant third instar larvae, in contrast to wild-type controls. The mutant crystal cells do not show any melanisation after heating at 65[o] for 10 minutes, in contrast to wild type.

Mutant larvae show more pronounced melanisation around the wound site 30 minutes after clean needle injury compared to that seen in wild-type controls.

Eggs of the parasitoid wasp A. tabida are encapsulated in mutant second instar larvae, as occurs in wild type.

Mutant adults show normal survival rates after septic injury with Gram negative bacteria (either Salmonella typhimurium or Enterobacter cloacae).

Mutant adults reduced survival compared to wild type after septic injury with Aspergillus fumigatus.

(Binggeli et al., 2014)

External Data

Linkouts

Interactions

Show genetic interaction network for Enhancers & Suppressors

Phenotypic Class

NOT Enhanced by

Statement

Reference

PPO1^Δ, PPO2^Δ has short lived | conditional phenotype, non-enhanceable by PPO3¹

(Dudzic et al., 2015)

PPO1^Δ, PPO2^Δ has abnormal immune response phenotype, non-enhanceable by PPO3¹

(Dudzic et al., 2015)

NOT suppressed by

Statement

Reference

PPO1^Δ, PPO2^Δ has short lived | conditional phenotype, non-suppressible by PPO3¹

(Dudzic et al., 2015)

PPO1^Δ, PPO2^Δ has abnormal immune response phenotype, non-suppressible by PPO3¹

(Dudzic et al., 2015)

Enhancer of

Statement

Reference

PPO2^Δ is an enhancer of melanotic mass phenotype phenotype of Spn27A¹

(Binggeli et al., 2014)

PPO2^Δ is an enhancer of partially lethal phenotype of Spn27A¹

(Binggeli et al., 2014)

Suppressor of

Statement

Reference

PPO1^Δ/PPO2^Δ is a suppressor of melanotic mass phenotype phenotype of Spn27A¹

(Binggeli et al., 2014)

PPO1^Δ/PPO2^Δ is a suppressor of partially lethal phenotype of Spn27A¹

(Binggeli et al., 2014)

NOT Suppressor of

Statement

Reference

PPO2[+]/PPO2^Δ is a non-suppressor of melanotic mass phenotype | wandering third instar larval stage phenotype of PPO1^Bc/PPO1^Δ

(Neyen et al., 2014)

PPO2[+]/PPO2^Δ is a non-suppressor of melanotic mass phenotype | dominant | wandering third instar larval stage phenotype of PPO1^Bc

(Neyen et al., 2014)

Other

Statement

Reference

PPO1^Δ, PPO2^Δ has abnormal immune response | adult stage phenotype

(Dudzic et al., 2015, Binggeli et al., 2014)

PPO1^Δ, PPO2^Δ has abnormal immune response | larval stage phenotype

(Dudzic et al., 2015, Binggeli et al., 2014)

PPO1^Δ, PPO2^Δ has short lived | conditional phenotype

(Dudzic et al., 2015)

PPO2^Δ, PPO3¹ has abnormal immune response | larval stage phenotype

(Dudzic et al., 2015)

PPO1^Δ, PPO2^Δ has viable phenotype

(Binggeli et al., 2014)

PPO1^Δ, PPO2^Δ has short lived phenotype

(Binggeli et al., 2014)

PPO1^Δ, PPO2^Δ has abnormal wound healing | larval stage phenotype

(Neyen et al., 2014)

PPO1^Δ, PPO2^Δ has abnormal wound healing | adult stage phenotype

(Neyen et al., 2014)

PPO1^Bc, PPO2[+]/PPO2^Δ has melanotic mass phenotype | dominant | wandering third instar larval stage phenotype

(Neyen et al., 2014)

PPO1^Bc, PPO2[+]/PPO2^Δ has abnormal wound healing | wandering third instar larval stage phenotype

(Neyen et al., 2014)

PPO1^Bc/PPO1^Δ, PPO2[+]/PPO2^Δ has melanotic mass phenotype | wandering third instar larval stage phenotype

(Neyen et al., 2014)

PPO1^A480V, PPO2^Δ has abnormal wound healing | larval stage phenotype

(Neyen et al., 2014)

PPO1^A480V, PPO2^Δ has abnormal wound healing | adult stage phenotype

(Neyen et al., 2014)

Phenotype Manifest In

Additional Comments

Genetic Interactions

Statement

Reference

PPO1^Δ PPO2^Δ double mutant larvae and adults show no melanisation around the wound site after clean needle injury, in construct to wild-type controls.

PPO1^Δ PPO2^Δ double mutant adults show reduced survival compared to wild type after septic injury with Gram positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis, Enterococcus faecalis or Staphylococcus aureus). They also show a mild susceptibility to natural infection with the fungus Beauveria bassiana. These phenotypes are unaffected if they are also mutant for PPO3¹.

PPO1^Δ PPO2^Δ double mutant larvae infested with eggs from the parasitoid wasp Leptopilina boulardi produce a melanized capsule around the wasp egg, as occurs in wild type.

PPO2^Δ PPO3¹ double mutant larvae infested with eggs from the parasitoid wasp Leptopilina boulardi are unable to produce a melanized capsule around the wasp egg.

PPO1^Δ PPO2^Δ and PPO2^Δ PPO3¹ double mutant larvae do not show melanisation of crystal cells after heating at 65[o]C for 10 minutes, in contrast to wild-type larvae.

(Dudzic et al., 2015)

PPO1^Δ PPO2^Δ double mutants have a significantly shortened lifespan compared to both wild-type and to each single mutant. This trend is also seen in double mutants raised in germ-free conditions, suggesting that the early lethality seen in the double mutants is not due to infection.

As seen in PPO1^Δ single mutants, crystals are not present in the crystal cells of PPO1^Δ PPO2^Δ double mutant third instar larvae and the double mutant crystal cells do not show any melanisation after heating at 65[o] for 10 minutes.

PPO1^Δ PPO2^Δ double mutant larvae show no melanisation around the wound site 30 minutes after clean needle injury, in contrast to wild-type controls.

The spontaneous melanisation seen in Spn27A¹ mutant animals is suppressed if they are also mutant for both PPO1^Δ and PPO2^Δ.

The spontaneous melanisation seen in Spn27A¹ mutant animals is stronger if they are also mutant for PPO2^Δ; the double mutant pupae turn black and adults have large spots and wing defects.

PPO1^Δ PPO2^Δ double mutant adults show reduced survival compared to wild type after severe wounding with a clean needle (survival after mild wounding is not significantly different, and neither single mutant shows this phenotype).

PPO1^Δ PPO2^Δ double mutant adults show normal survival rates after septic injury with either Salmonella typhimurium or Enterobacter cloacae, but are more susceptible to Erwinia carotovora than normal (all Gram negative bacteria).

PPO1^Δ PPO2^Δ double mutant adults show reduced survival compared to wild type after septic injury with Gram positive bacteria (Listeria monocytogenes, Bacillus subtilis, Enterococcus faecalis or Staphylococcus aureus).

PPO1^Δ PPO2^Δ double mutant adults show reduced survival compared to wild type after septic injury with fungi (Candida albicans or Aspergillus fumigatus) and after natural infection with entomopathogenic fungi (Beauveria bassiana or Metarhizium anisopliae).

(Binggeli et al., 2014)

Wandering third instar PPO1^Bc/PPO2^Δ larvae show spontaneous melanisation of crystal cells.

Wandering third instar PPO1^Bc/PPO1^Δ PPO2^Δ larvae show spontaneous melanisation of crystal cells.

Wandering third instar PPO1^Bc/PPO2^Δ larvae do not show melanisation at the wound site in response to physical wounding, in contrast to wild type.

PPO1^Δ, PPO2^Δ double mutant larvae and adults do not show melanisation at the wound site in response to physical wounding, in contrast to wild type.

Larvae and adults carrying PPO1^A480V in a PPO2^Δ background do not show melanisation at the wound site in response to physical wounding, in contrast to wild type.

(Neyen et al., 2014)

Xenogenetic Interactions

Statement

Reference

Complementation and Rescue Data

Comments

Images (0)

Mutant

Wild-type

Stocks (2)

Bloomington

56205

w^*; Df(2R)PPO2^Δ, PPO2^Δ

68387

w^*; Df(2R)PPO2^Δ, PPO2^Δ TI{TI}PPO1^Δ PPO3¹

Notes on Origin

Discoverer

External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 0 )

Synonyms and Secondary IDs (3)

Reported As

Symbol Synonym

PPO2^Δ

(Dutra Nunes and Drummond-Barbosa, 2026, Xu et al., 2023, Caravello et al., 2022, Dudzic et al., 2019, Melcarne et al., 2019, Troha et al., 2019, Kenmoku et al., 2017, Dudzic et al., 2015, Binggeli et al., 2014, Neyen et al., 2014)

PPO2Δ

(Shin et al., 2024)

ΔPPO2

(Barek et al., 2022)

Name Synonyms

Secondary FlyBase IDs

References (12)

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