FlyBase Gene Report: Dmel\rost

General Information

Symbol

Dmel\rost

Species

D. melanogaster

Name

rolling stone

Annotation Symbol

CG9552

Feature Type

protein_coding_gene

FlyBase ID

FBgn0011705

Gene Model Status

Current

Stock Availability

10 publicly available

Gene Summary

May have a central role in the fusion process during myogenesis, within the somatic mesoderm. (UniProt, O44252)

Contribute a Gene Snapshot for this gene.

All Summaries

Alliance
Auto summary
UniProtKB
Interactive Fly

Key Links

Genomic Location

Cytogenetic map

29F6-29F7

Sequence location

2L:8,985,936..8,989,539 [-]

Recombination map

2-34

RefSeq locus

NT_033779 REGION:8985936..8989539

Sequence

Get Decorated FASTA

Genomic Maps

JBrowse

Other Genome Views

The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.

Function

Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (2 terms)

Molecular Function (1 term)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (0 terms)

Biological Process (1 term)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)

CV Term

Evidence

References

involved_in myoblast fusion

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Paululat et al., 1995)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (0 terms)

Cellular Component (1 term)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)

CV Term

Evidence

References

located_in membrane

inferred from direct assay

(Paululat et al., 1997)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)

CV Term

Evidence

References

is_active_in membrane

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN001387085

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

Gene Group (FlyBase)

Protein Family (UniProt)

Protein Signatures (InterPro)

Rolling stone

Summaries

Protein Function (UniProtKB)

May have a central role in the fusion process during myogenesis, within the somatic mesoderm.

(UniProt, O44252)

Gene Model and Products

Number of Transcripts

Number of Unique Polypeptides

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\rost for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)

Isoform displayed:

Pfam protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Protein Domains (via SMART)

Isoform displayed:

SMART protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Structure

Protein 3D structure (Predicted by AlphaFold) (AlphaFold entry O44252)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.

Model Confidence:

Very high (pLDDT > 90)
Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures

Crossreferences

Comments on Gene Model

Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.

Annotated transcripts do not represent all supported alternative splices within 5' UTR.

Gene model reviewed during 5.44

Transcript Data

Annotated Transcripts

Name

FlyBase ID

RefSeq ID

Length (nt)

Assoc. CDS (aa)

rost-RA

FBtr0079782

NM_164842

1378

275

rost-RB

FBtr0331453

NM_001273345

1613

275

rost-RC

FBtr0331454

NM_001273346

1483

275

Additional Transcript Data and Comments

Reported size (kB)

1.4 (northern blot)

(Paululat et al., 1997)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

Polypeptide Data

Annotated Polypeptides

Name

FlyBase ID

Predicted MW (kDa)

Length (aa)

Theoretical pI

UniProt

RefSeq ID

GenBank

rost-PA

FBpp0079382

32.6

275

9.15

FBpp0303870

32.6

275

9.15

FBpp0303871

32.6

275

9.15

O44252

NP_001260275

AGB92811

Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

The group(s) of polypeptides indicated below share identical sequence to each other.

275 aa isoforms: rost-PA, rost-PB, rost-PC

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments

Reported size (kDa)

275 (aa)

(Paululat et al., 1997)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

Rolling stone

Linkouts

Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model

Nucleotide / Polypeptide Records

UniProt

Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\rost using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data

Crossreferences

Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.

Linkouts

Expression Data

Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

-0.52

Transcript Expression

No Assay Recorded

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

organism

Comment: reference states 8-12 hr AEL

(Paululat et al., 1997)

northern blot

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage

muscle system | restricted

(Paululat et al., 1997)

embryonic stage 1 -- 9

Comment: reference states 0-4 hr AEL

(Paululat et al., 1997)

organism

(Paululat et al., 1997)

embryonic stage 12

embryonic head

(Paululat et al., 1997)

embryonic stage 12 -- 14

mesoderm | segmentally repeated

(Paululat et al., 1997)

embryonic stage 13 -- 17

presumptive embryonic/larval central nervous system | restricted

(Paululat et al., 1997)

embryonic stage 16 -- 17

embryonic brain | restricted

(Paululat et al., 1997)

gonad | restricted

(Paululat et al., 1997)

adult stage

(Paululat et al., 1997)

adult stage & oogenesis

nurse cell

(Paululat et al., 1997)

RT-PCR

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

oogenesis

border follicle cell

(Borghese et al., 2006)

Additional Descriptive Data

rost is enriched in border follicle cells relative to follicle cells.

(Borghese et al., 2006)

rost is expressed in ectodermal and mesodermal cells. The position of segmentally repeated clusters of cells in dorsal, lateral, and ventral regions expressing rost coincide with the position of developing muscle fibers. Reporter construct expression also indicates that rost is expressed in developing muscle cells.

(Paululat et al., 1997)

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Polypeptide Expression

mass spectroscopy

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

adult stage

adult head

• membrane

(Aradska et al., 2015)

Additional Descriptive Data

rost protein is concentrated in membrane fractions, indicating that it might be membrane-bound or membrane-associated.

(Paululat et al., 1997)

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Evidence

References

located_in membrane

inferred from direct assay

(Paululat et al., 1997)

Expression Deduced from Reporters

Reporter: P{rost-lacZ.P}

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage 10 -- 17

muscle founder cell | segmentally repeated | subset

(Paululat et al., 1997)

fusion competent cell | subset

(Paululat et al., 1997)

embryonic stage 13

visceral muscle fiber

(Paululat et al., 1997)

embryonic stage 15 -- 16

larval somatic muscle cell | dorsal

(Paululat et al., 1997)

muscle cell of ventral oblique muscle 4

(Paululat et al., 1997)

A1-7 segment border muscle cell

(Paululat et al., 1997)

muscle cell of ventral oblique muscle 6

(Paululat et al., 1997)

muscle cell of ventral oblique muscle 5

(Paululat et al., 1997)

larval somatic muscle cell | dorso-lateral

(Paululat et al., 1997)

High-Throughput Expression Data

Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\rost in JBrowse

RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region

View exonic expression by developmental stage for Dmel\rost

View exonic expression by tissue for Dmel\rost

Bulk Downloads

RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes

Reference

See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.

Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle

Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis

External Data and Images

Linkouts

BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis

FBgn0011705

DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species

34222/tissue=All

EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species

FBgn0011705

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

FBgn0011705

FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data

FBgn0011705

Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns

CG9552

Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut

FBgn0011705

Images

FlyBase Wiki

Image Based Resources

Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations

Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 11 )

For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show

Other relevant insertions

Transgenic Constructs ( 7 )

For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show

Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of rost

Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of rost

Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 0 )

Inferred from experimentation ( 0 )

Inferred from location ( 7 )

Variants

Variant Molecular Consequences

Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants

Phenotypes

For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.

Lethality

Allele

lethal | recessive

rost^30A

lethal - all die during embryonic stage | recessive

rost^30A

viable, with Dcr-2^UAS.cDa, Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu

rost^GD1022

viable, with Scer\GAL4^Mef2.PR

rost^GD1022

viable, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

rost^GD1022

viable (with Df(2L)BSC203)

rost^s2978

viable (with Df(2L)ED678)

rost^s2978

Other Phenotypes

Allele

some die during embryonic stage | recessive

rost^30A

Phenotype manifest in

Allele

larval somatic muscle cell

rost^unspecified

larval somatic muscle cell, with Scer\GAL4^twi.PG

rost^a.UAS

larval somatic muscle cell | ventral, with Scer\GAL4^twi.PG

rost^a.UAS

muscle cell of lateral longitudinal muscle 1, with Scer\GAL4^twi.PG

rost^a.UAS

muscle cell of lateral oblique muscle 1, with Scer\GAL4^twi.PG

rost^a.UAS

myoblast

myoblast, with Scer\GAL4^twi.PG

rost^a.UAS

segment border muscle cell | ectopic, with Scer\GAL4^how-24B

rost^EP2569

somatic muscle cell

rost^30A

Orthologs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Orthologs

Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Homo sapiens (Human) (0)

Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (0)

Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (0)

Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (0)

Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (1)

Drer\LOC103911277

1 of 14

Yes

Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (0)

Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (1)

Agam\AgaP_AGAP009583

4 of 12

Yes

Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (5)

Atha\AT1G10660

1 of 13

Yes

Atha\AT1G70505

1 of 13

Yes

Atha\AT2G47115

1 of 13

Yes

Atha\AT3G27770

1 of 13

Yes

Atha\AT5G62960

1 of 13

Yes

Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (0)

Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (0)

Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)

Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)

Data provided directly from OrthoDB:rost. Refer to their site for version information.

Paralogs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Paralogs

Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Gene Symbol

Score

Source

Alignment

Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (5)

7 of 13

6 of 13

6 of 13

6 of 13

hbt

4 of 13

Human Disease Associations

FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports

Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Allele

Disease

Evidence

References

Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 0 )

Human Ortholog

Disease

Evidence

References

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Allele

Disease

Interaction

References

Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)

Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.

Homo sapiens (Human)

Gene name

Score

OMIM

OMIM Phenotype

DO term

Complementation?

Transgene?

Functional Complementation Data

Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.

Interactions

Summary of Physical Interactions

Interaction Browsers

Summary of Genetic Interactions

Interaction Browsers

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

External Data

Linkouts

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0011705

Pathways

Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)

Metabolic Pathways

FlyBase

External Links

External Data

Linkouts

Class of Gene

nuclear_gene

protein_coding_gene

Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data

Chromosome (arm)

Recombination map

2-34

Cytogenetic map

29F6-29F7

Sequence location

2L:8,985,936..8,989,539 [-]

FlyBase Computed Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Evidence for location

29F6-29F7

Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{lacW}l(2)k04003^k04003 and P{PZ}tai⁰¹³⁵¹

Experimentally Determined Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Notes

References

29F-30A

(determined by in situ hybridisation)

(Paululat et al., 1997)

30A-30A

(determined by in situ hybridisation)

(Burchard et al., 1995)

Experimentally Determined Recombination Data

Location

2-34

(FlyBase, 2016)

2-29.6

(Comeron et al., 2012)

(Paululat et al., 1995)

Left of (cM)

Right of (cM)

Notes

Stocks and Reagents

Stocks (10)

Aberrations including deletions of this gene Aberrations including duplications of this gene

Bloomington

12042

w¹¹¹⁸; P{lacW}rost^s2978/CyO

22529

y¹ w^67c23; P{EPgy2}rost^EY22075

58542

y¹ w^*; Mi{MIC}rost^MI12614/SM6a

Kyoto

111374

y^d2 w¹¹¹⁸ P{ey-FLP.N}2 P{5xglBS-lacZ.38-1}TPN1; P{lacW}rost^s2978 P{neoFRT}40A/CyO y⁺

NIG-Fly

M2L-0864

y¹ w¹¹¹⁸; rost^SK1 P{neoFRT}40A/CyO-Tb

M2L-0865

y¹ w¹¹¹⁸; rost^SK7 P{neoFRT}40A/CyO-Tb

2LG-0690

y² VhaAC39-1^cho-1 v¹; P{U6-rost.NIG.sgRNA}attP40/CyO

VDRC

v107752

P{KK110890}VIE-260B

v2838

w¹¹¹⁸; P{GD1022}v2838/TM3

v318307

PBac{fTRG00956.sfGFP-TVPTBF}VK00033

Genomic Clones (20)

Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

cDNA Clones (66)

Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

cDNA clones, fully sequenced

BDGP DGC clones

Other clones

MIP09661

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

FBgn0011705

cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)

BDGP DGC clones

RNAi and Array Information

Linkouts

DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens

FBgn0011705

Antibody Information

Laboratory Generated Antibodies

Commercially Available Antibodies

Cell Line Information

Publicly Available Cell Lines

Other Stable Cell Lines

Other Comments

Shows particularly robust cycling of transcription in adult heads, as assessed by expression analysis using high density oligonucleotide arrays with probe generated during three 12-point time course experiments over the course of 6 days. Shows significant change of expression pattern in circadian mutant background; increased expression in per⁰¹, tim⁰¹ and Clk^Jrk background.

(Claridge-Chang et al., 2001)

Light and electron microscopy are used to study the process of myoblast fusion in rost mutants.

(Doberstein et al., 1997)

rost has been cloned and sequenced, and its expression pattern has been analysed.

(Paululat et al., 1997)

Mesodermal expression of rost is essential for myoblast fusion.

(Paululat et al., 1997)

Mutant embryos show fusion of myoblasts to myotubes is largely disturbed leading to the absence of elongated muscle fibres.

(Buttgereit, 1996)

The P-element induced mutation shows defects in the fusion of myoblasts to myotubes in the somatic musculature.

(Paululat et al., 1996)

Mutations in rost cause disturbances in the fusion of myoblasts to myotubules in the somatic musculature. rost encodes a putative transmembrane protein.

(Paululat et al., 1995)

rost is required for normal muscle development. Mutants show disturbances in fusion of myoblasts while the visceral musculature and heart are largely unaffected.

(Paululat et al., 1995)

Relationship to Other Genes

Source for database merge of

Additional comments

Nomenclature History

Source for database identify of

Nomenclature comments

Etymology

Synonyms and Secondary IDs (3)

Reported As

Symbol Synonym

CG9552

(National Institute of Genetics Fly Stocks, 2022-, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5, Goldman and Arbeitman, 2007, Wertheim et al., 2005)

rost

(Gao et al., 2022, National Institute of Genetics Fly Stocks, 2022-, Wang et al., 2021, Ando et al., 2019, Boomgarden et al., 2019, Sarov et al., 2016, Bischof and FlyORF project members, 2014.6.20, Kong et al., 2010, Borghese et al., 2006, Wertheim et al., 2005)

Name Synonyms

rolling stone

(Goldman and Arbeitman, 2007, Paululat et al., 1995)

Secondary FlyBase IDs

Datasets (0)

Study focus (0)

Experimental Role

Project

Project Type

Title

Study result (0)

Result

Result Type

Title

External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 45 )

Sequence Crossreferences

NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.

34222

GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.

GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.

RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.

UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.

O44252

UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information

O44252

UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information

M9PD01

Other crossreferences

AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.

O44252

BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis

FBgn0011705

DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species

34222/tissue=All

EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species

FBgn0011705

FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data

FBgn0011705

FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics

FBgn0011705

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

Rolling stone

KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.

dme:Dmel_CG9552

MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)

34222

Linkouts

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones

FBgn0011705

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0011705

DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens

FBgn0011705

Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

FBgn0011705

FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel

FBGN0011705

Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns

CG9552

Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut

FBgn0011705

iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)

TC005180

References (67)

The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.

-0.52

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