FlyBase Gene Report: Dmel\srw

General Information

Symbol

Dmel\srw

Species

D. melanogaster

Name

shrew

Annotation Symbol

CG11582

Feature Type

protein_coding_gene

FlyBase ID

FBgn0261952

Gene Model Status

Current

Stock Availability

7 publicly available

Gene Summary

Contribute a Gene Snapshot for this gene.

All Summaries

Alliance
Auto summary
Pathway
Red Book
Interactive Fly

Key Links

Genomic Location

Cytogenetic map

64A12-64A12

Sequence location

3L:4,282,956..4,283,478 [-]

Recombination map

3-10

RefSeq locus

NT_037436 REGION:4282956..4283478

Sequence

Get Decorated FASTA

Genomic Maps

JBrowse

Other Genome Views

The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.

Function

Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (5 terms)

Molecular Function (0 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (0 terms)

Biological Process (4 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (3 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

involved_in amnioserosa formation

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Ray et al., 1991)

involved_in dorsal/ventral pattern formation

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Bonds et al., 2007, Moore et al., 1998)

involved_in positive regulation of BMP signaling pathway

inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:dpp; FB:FBgn0000490

(Ferguson and Anderson, 1992)

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Bonds et al., 2007)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)

CV Term

Evidence

References

involved_in regulation of BMP signaling pathway

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000267834

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

Cellular Component (1 term)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)

CV Term

Evidence

References

is_active_in extracellular space

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000267834

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

Gene Group (FlyBase)

Pathway (FlyBase)

POSITIVE REGULATORS OF BMP SIGNALING PATHWAY

Protein Family (UniProt)

Protein Signatures (InterPro)

Summaries

Pathway (FlyBase)

POSITIVE REGULATORS OF BMP SIGNALING PATHWAY -: Positive regulators of Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP) signaling up-regulate the pathway, ultimately resulting in the increased nuclear activity of the Mad/Med transcription factor complex.

Phenotypic Description (Red Book; Lindsley and Zimm 1992)

srw: shrew

Embryonic lethal; embryos partially ventralized.

Gene Model and Products

Number of Transcripts

Number of Unique Polypeptides

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\srw for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)

Isoform displayed:

Pfam protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Protein Domains (via SMART)

Isoform displayed:

SMART protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Structure

Protein 3D structure (Predicted by AlphaFold) (AlphaFold entry Q9VZE5)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.

Model Confidence:

Very high (pLDDT > 90)
Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures

Crossreferences

Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.46

Transcript Data

Annotated Transcripts

Name

FlyBase ID

RefSeq ID

Length (nt)

Assoc. CDS (aa)

srw-RB

FBtr0300579

NM_139629

523

136

Additional Transcript Data and Comments

Reported size (kB)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

Polypeptide Data

Annotated Polypeptides

Name

FlyBase ID

Predicted MW (kDa)

Length (aa)

Theoretical pI

UniProt

RefSeq ID

GenBank

srw-PB

FBpp0289806

15.3

136

4.88

Q9VZE5

NP_647886

AAF47878

Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

There is only one protein coding transcript and one polypeptide associated with this gene

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments

Reported size (kDa)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

Linkouts

Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model

Nucleotide / Polypeptide Records

AE014296 / AAF47878

UniProt

Q9VZE5

Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\srw using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data

Crossreferences

Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.

srw_1

Linkouts

Expression Data

Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

NA

Transcript Expression

Additional Descriptive Data

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Polypeptide Expression

Additional Descriptive Data

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Evidence

References

Expression Deduced from Reporters

High-Throughput Expression Data

Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\srw in JBrowse

RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region

View exonic expression by developmental stage for Dmel\srw

View exonic expression by tissue for Dmel\srw

Bulk Downloads

RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes

Reference

See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.

Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle

Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis

External Data and Images

Linkouts

DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species

38525/tissue=All

EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species

FBgn0261952

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

FBgn0035525

FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data

FBgn0261952

Images

FlyBase Wiki

Image Based Resources

Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations

Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 6 )

For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show

Other relevant insertions

Transgenic Constructs ( 3 )

For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show

Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of srw

Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of srw

Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 6 )

Inferred from experimentation ( 6 )

Gene disrupted in

Df(3L)E13

(Ferguson and Anderson, 1992)

Df(3L)Exel8098

(Ryder, 2004.4.26)

Df(3L)Exel9000

(Bonds et al., 2007, Ryder, 2004.4.26)

Ts(2Rt;3Rt)Dll¹⁵

(Jurgens et al., 1984)

Ts(Y;3Rt)G130

(Jurgens et al., 1984)

Ts(YLt;3Rt)B234

(Muller et al., 1999)

Inferred from location ( 8 )

Variants

Variant Molecular Consequences

Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants

Phenotypes

For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.

Lethality

Allele

lethal - all die during embryonic stage | recessive

viable, with Dcr-2^UAS.cDa, Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu

srw^GD12483

viable, with Scer\GAL4^Mef2.PR

srw^GD12483

viable, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

srw^GD12483

viable, with Scer\GAL4^tin.CΔ4

srw^GD12483

Other Phenotypes

Allele

some die during embryonic stage | recessive

Phenotype manifest in

Allele

amnioserosa

srw^B2

embryo | dorsal

srw¹

epidermis | dorsal

srw^B2

mitotic domain 1 | extended germ band stage

srw^B18

Orthologs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Orthologs

Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Homo sapiens (Human) (1)

Hsap\TWSG1

6 of 14

Yes

Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (1)

Rnor\Twsg1

6 of 14

Yes

Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (1)

Mmus\Twsg1

5 of 14

Yes

Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (2)

Xtro\twsg2

4 of 13

Yes

Xtro\twsg1

2 of 13

Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (2)

Drer\twsg1a

5 of 14

Yes

Drer\twsg1b

5 of 14

Yes

Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (0)

Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (1)

Agam\AgaP_AGAP000304

4 of 12

Yes

Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (0)

Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (0)

Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (0)

Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)

Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)

Data provided directly from OrthoDB:srw. Refer to their site for version information.

Paralogs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Paralogs

Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Gene Symbol

Score

Source

Alignment

Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (3)

6 of 13

tsg

6 of 13

Tbcd

1 of 13

Human Disease Associations

FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports

Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Allele

Disease

Evidence

References

Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 0 )

Human Ortholog

Disease

Evidence

References

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Allele

Disease

Interaction

References

Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)

Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.

Homo sapiens (Human)

Gene name

Score

OMIM

OMIM Phenotype

DO term

Complementation?

Transgene?

TWSG1; twisted gastrulation BMP signaling modulator 1

6 of 14

605049

Functional Complementation Data

Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.

Interactions

Summary of Physical Interactions

Interaction Browsers

Summary of Genetic Interactions

Interaction Browsers

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

External Data

Linkouts

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0261952

Pathways

Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)

POSITIVE REGULATORS OF BMP SIGNALING PATHWAY

Metabolic Pathways

FlyBase

External Links

External Data

Linkouts

Class of Gene

gene

nuclear_gene

protein_coding_gene

Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data

Chromosome (arm)

Recombination map

3-10

Cytogenetic map

64A12-64A12

Sequence location

3L:4,282,956..4,283,478 [-]

FlyBase Computed Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Evidence for location

64A12-64A12

Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{PZ}l(3)rG166^rG166 and P{PZ}sinu⁰⁶⁵²⁴

Experimentally Determined Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Notes

References

Experimentally Determined Recombination Data

Location

3-10

(FlyBase, 2016)

3-9.2

(Comeron et al., 2012)

3-15

(Tearle and Nusslein-Volhard, 1987)

3-15 [+/-]

Left of (cM)

Right of (cM)

Notes

Stocks and Reagents

Stocks (7)

Aberrations including deletions of this gene Aberrations including duplications of this gene

Bloomington

606467

w^*; PBac{UAS-srw.HA}VK00037

606468

y¹ w^*; P{UAS-srw.His}2

2265

srw¹ st¹ e¹/TM3, Sb¹

5395

srw^B18 p^p/TM3, P{Thb8-lacZ}WD1, Sb¹ Ser¹

Kyoto

106761

srw¹ st¹ e¹/TM3, Sb¹

VDRC

v35379

w¹¹¹⁸; P{GD12483}v35379

v35380

w¹¹¹⁸; P{GD12483}v35380/TM3

Genomic Clones (15)

Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

cDNA Clones (0)

Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

cDNA clones, fully sequenced

BDGP DGC clones

Other clones

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

FBgn0261952

cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)

BDGP DGC clones

Other clones

RNAi and Array Information

Linkouts

DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens

FBgn0261952

Antibody Information

Laboratory Generated Antibodies

Commercially Available Antibodies

Cell Line Information

Publicly Available Cell Lines

Other Stable Cell Lines

Other Comments

The srw product negatively regulates dac expression in the embryonic head.

(Anderson et al., 2006)

dsRNA has been made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene.

(Pilot et al., 2006)

Mutants are isolated in an EMS mutagenesis screen to identify zygotic mutations affecting germ cell migration at discrete points during embryogenesis: mutants exhibit dorsal/ventral polarity pattern defects.

(Moore et al., 1998)

Mutants show no interaction with Df(2R)Pcl11B or Df(3L)66C-G28.

(Nicholls and Gelbart, 1998)

Genetic and phenotypic data reveals that srw is involved in post-transcriptional regulation of dpp activity by elevating dpp activity dorsally. Mutations in srw disrupt amnioserosa formation. Injection of dpp RNA into the ventral side results in an asymmetric response, lateral expansion of the preexisting dorsal amnioserosa rather than formation of a second amnioserosa at the site of injection.

(Neul and Ferguson, 1995)

srw alleles display relative phenotypic strengths, this may be correlated to the progressive loss of dorsal pattern elements in the ventralised mutants.

(Arora and Nusslein-Volhard, 1992)

tld, srw and sog are required to generate a gradient of dpp activity which directly specifies the pattern of the dorsal 40% of the embryo.

(Ferguson and Anderson, 1992)

srw is required for the normal ontogeny of the zen pattern and fating of the amnioserosa.

(Ray et al., 1991)

srw mutants display the posterior end of the embryo pulled towards the interior.

(Jurgens et al., 1984)

Relationship to Other Genes

Source for database merge of

Source for merge of: srw CG11582

(Bonds et al., 2007)

Additional comments

The CG11582 gene may have been derived from the cv gene by retroposition.

(Dai et al., 2006)

Nomenclature History

Source for database identify of

Nomenclature comments

Etymology

Synonyms and Secondary IDs (4)

Reported As

Symbol Synonym

CG11582

(Heimiller et al., 2014, Bonds et al., 2007, Dai et al., 2006, Pilot et al., 2006)

shrew

(Bonds et al., 2007)

srw

(Bischoff et al., 2025, O’Connor, 2025.9.16, Upadhyay et al., 2017, dos Santos, 2014, Fritsch et al., 2010, Salzer et al., 2010, Anderson et al., 2006)

Name Synonyms

Shrew

(Upadhyay et al., 2017)

shrew

(Wieschaus and Nüsslein-Volhard, 2016, Heimiller et al., 2014, Salzer et al., 2010, Bonds et al., 2007, Anderson et al., 2006)

Secondary FlyBase IDs

FBgn0003508
FBgn0035525

Datasets (0)

Study focus (0)

Experimental Role

Project

Project Type

Title

Study result (0)

Result

Result Type

Title

External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 21 )

Sequence Crossreferences

NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.

38525

GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.

AAF47878

RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.

UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.

Q9VZE5

UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information

Q9VZE5

Other crossreferences

AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.

Q9VZE5

DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species

38525/tissue=All

EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species

FBgn0261952

FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data

FBgn0261952

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.

dme:Dmel_CG11582

MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)

38525

Linkouts

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones

FBgn0261952

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0261952

DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens

FBgn0261952

Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.

srw_1

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

FBgn0035525

FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel

FBGN0261952

iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)

TC003620

References (47)

The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.

NA

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