FB2026_01 , released March 12, 2026
FB2026_01 , released March 12, 2026
Allele: Dmel\D3
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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\D3
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
FlyBase ID
FBal0002211
Feature type
allele
Associated gene
Dmel\D
Associated Insertion(s)
Carried in Construct
Key Links
Allele class

amorphic allele - genetic evidence

loss of function allele

Mutagen
Nature of the Allele
Allele class

amorphic allele - genetic evidence

(Sanchez Soriano and Russell, 2000)

loss of function allele

(Russell et al., 1996)
Mutagen
spontaneous
(Russell et al., 1996, Carpenter, 1994)
Progenitor genotype
D1
(Russell, 1999.1.25, Russell et al., 1996, Carpenter, 1994)
In(3L)D
(Sanchez Soriano and Russell, 2000)
Caused by aberration
In(3L)D3
Cytology
Description

The D3 allele is a partial revertant of D1. It retains the inversion; however it has suffered an additional DNA lesion within the coding sequence of the D transcription unit.

(Sanchez Soriano and Russell, 2000)

Deletion of the 3' portion of the D transcription unit. Protein null when assayed in whole mount embryos with anti-D antisera.

(Russell, 1999.1.25)

Breaks in 3' D regulatory sequences.

(Russell, 1998.3.2)

Shares the D1 breakpoint as well as an additional DNA lesion within 1kb of the 3' end of the D transcription unit.

(Russell et al., 1996)
Mutations Mapped to the Genome
Curation Data
Type
Location
Additional Notes
References
Variant Molecular Consequences
Associated Sequence Data
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank
DNA sequence
Protein sequence
 
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Expression Data
      Reporter Expression
      Additional Information
      Statement
      Reference
       
      Marker for
      Reflects expression of
      Reporter construct used in assay
      Human Disease Associations
      Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
      Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
      Disease
      Evidence
      References
      Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
      Disease
      Interaction
      References
      Comments on Models/Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
       
      Disease-implicated variant(s)
       
      Phenotypic Data
      Phenotypic Class
      Phenotype Manifest In
      Detailed Description
      Statement
      Reference

      Viability of transheterozygotes is as follows: D3/D89 - 2.7%, D3/D107 - 14.4%, D3/D175 - 6.4%.

      (Melnattur et al., 2013)

      In stage 16 D3/Df(3L)fz-GS1a mutant embryos, the cells of the large intestine are short and rounded in contrast to the thin columnar cells of wild-type.

      (Sanchez Soriano and Russell, 2000)

      Behaves as a null allele when assayed in the embryo.

      (Russell, 1999.1.25)

      Lethal in combination with point alleles of D and small deletions which only remove D sequences.

      (Russell, 1998.3.2)

      80% of hemizygous embryos have severe defects throughout the nerve cord, showing thinning of longitudinal connectives and fusion of commissures. The remaining midline glia cells are more frequently located anterior to the anterior commissure than in wild-type embryos. The cell bodies of the midline glia lie along the ventral surface of the commissures and do not migrate and ensheath the commissures.

      (Sanchez Soriano and Russell, 1998)

      In(3L)D3/Df(3L)D-5rv6 embryos exhibit variable segmentation defects. Severe phenotype involves deletions removing half of the segments, intermediate phenotype involves weaker partial deletions and segment fusions, weak phenotype causes naked cuticle in segments A2 and A8. Embryos also exhibit variable defects in head development.

      (Russell et al., 1996)

      Partial revertant of the dominant phenotypes of D1. D3 is lethal over both "Sai" alleles of mirr but other D alleles are viable with these alleles. Wings held out at 80o but often a nubbin of alula is present, halteres are at partially held down, thorax and head are normal.

      (Carpenter, 1994)

      Less extreme than D1. Wings extended and lifted; alulae missing. Heat effect of D1 missing. Bristles usually wild type; occasionally outer verticals, upper humerals, presuturals, and anterior postalars absent. Viability of D3/+ better than D1/+. RK2A.

      External Data
      Interactions
      Show genetic interaction network for Enhancers & Suppressors
      Phenotypic Class
      Phenotype Manifest In
      Suppressed by
      Statement
      Reference

      D3/Df(3L)fz-GS1a has larval hindgut & embryo & cell phenotype, suppressible | partially by dppUAS.cSa/Scer\GAL4en-e16E

      (Sanchez Soriano and Russell, 2000)
      Additional Comments
      Genetic Interactions
      Statement
      Reference

      When dppScer\UAS.cSa is expressed under the control of Scer\GAL4en-e16E in D3/Df(3L)fz-GS1a embryos, significant, though variable rescue of the D3/Df(3L)fz-GS1a hindgut phenotype is seen.

      (Sanchez Soriano and Russell, 2000)
      Xenogenetic Interactions
      Statement
      Reference
      Complementation and Rescue Data
      Images (0)
      Mutant
      Wild-type
      Stocks (5)
      Notes on Origin
      Discoverer

      Plunkett, June 1924.

      It is possible that the D1 and D3 inversions reflect dominant mutations in the 'Sail' function of mirr (see mirrSaiD1 and mirrSaiD3).

      (Russell, 1999.1.25)

      Revertant \partial.

      (Russell et al., 1996)
      Comments
      Comments

      Shows tissue specific loss of D expression in the embryo.

      (Russell, 1998.3.2)

      There is some uncertainty in the designation of D1, D3 and "D9" as dominant D alleles. The wing phenotype of D3 (a protein null) is similar, if not identical, to D1 when assayed in outcrossed individuals; it is thus possible that the phenotype of D1 itself is not due to changes at the D locus.

      (Russell, 1999.1.25)

      Associated with a recessive lethal phenotype that maps to 70D1-2.

      (Russell et al., 1996)
      External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 0 )
      Synonyms and Secondary IDs (2)
      Reported As
      Symbol Synonym
      D3
      (Melnattur et al., 2013)
      loD3
      Name Synonyms
      Secondary FlyBase IDs
      • FBal0032088
      References (12)