FlyBase Allele Report: Dmel\Pde4[dnc-M14]

General Information

Symbol

Dmel\Pde4^dnc-M14

Species

D. melanogaster

Name

FlyBase ID

FBal0002717

Feature type

allele

Associated gene

Dmel\Pde4

Associated Insertion(s)

Carried in Construct

Also Known As

dnc^m14

Key Links

Allele class

amorphic allele - genetic evidence

Mutagen

ethyl methanesulfonate

Nature of the Allele

Allele class

amorphic allele - genetic evidence

(Qiu and Davis, 1993, Nighorn et al., 1991, Salz and Kiger, 1984)

Mutagen

ethyl methanesulfonate

(Nighorn et al., 1991)

Progenitor genotype

Cytology

Description

Mutations Mapped to the Genome

Curation Data

Type

Location

Additional Notes

References

Variant Molecular Consequences

Associated Sequence Data

DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank

DNA sequence

Protein sequence

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Expression Data

Reporter Expression

Additional Information

Statement

Reference

Marker for

Reflects expression of

Reporter construct used in assay

Human Disease Associations

Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Disease

Evidence

References

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 1 )

Disease

Interaction

References

ameliorates neurofibromatosis

modeled by Nf1^E2

(Walker et al., 2013)

ameliorates Huntington's disease

modeled by Hsap\HTT^{128Q.1-336.UAS}

(Al-Ramahi et al., 2018)

Comments on Models/Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Disease-implicated variant(s)

Phenotypic Data

Phenotypic Class

Phenotype Manifest In

dorsal appendage

(Lannutti and Schneider, 2001)

dorsal appendage (with Pde4^dnc-2)

(Lannutti and Schneider, 2001)

egg chamber

(Lannutti and Schneider, 2001)

egg chamber (with Pde4^dnc-2)

(Lannutti and Schneider, 2001)

embryonic/larval neuromuscular junction | third instar larval stage

(Koon et al., 2011)

embryonic/larval neuromuscular junction | third instar larval stage (with Pde4^ML)

(Koon et al., 2011)

larval brain & neuron

(Delgado et al., 1998)

larval VL3/4 motor neuron

(Meinertzhagen et al., 1998)

motor neuron | larval stage

(Meinertzhagen et al., 1998)

multidendritic neuron | third instar larval stage

(Koon et al., 2011)

multidendritic neuron | third instar larval stage (with Pde4^ML)

(Koon et al., 2011)

neuromuscular junction

(Renger et al., 2000)

nurse cell

(Lannutti and Schneider, 2001)

nurse cell (with Pde4^dnc-2)

(Lannutti and Schneider, 2001)

nurse cell & nucleus (with Df(1)N-64i16)

(Swan et al., 2001)

nurse cell & nucleus (with Pde4²²⁵)

(Swan et al., 2001)

nurse cell | increased number (with Df(1)N-64i16)

(Swan et al., 2001)

nurse cell | increased number (with Pde4²²⁵)

(Swan et al., 2001)

postsynaptic membrane

(Renger et al., 2000)

RP3 neuron & postsynaptic membrane

(Renger et al., 2000)

RP3 neuron & synaptic vesicle

(Renger et al., 2000)

synapse

(Renger et al., 2000, Davis et al., 1996, Schuster et al., 1996)

visceral muscle fiber | larval stage

(Zhong and Wu, 1993)

Detailed Description

Statement

Reference

dnc¹/dnc^M14 adults show a significant reduction in performance index in an aversive olfactory learning assay compared to control flies.

(Nagarkar-Jaiswal et al., 2015)

In contrast to wild type, type II neuromuscular junctions do not show an increase in the number of natural synaptopods in response to octopamine in homozygous third instar larvae.

(Koon and Budnik, 2012)

dnc^M14 homozygous and dnc^M14/dnc^ML heterozygous mutants exhibit an increase in the number of naturally occuring synaptopods at the type II endings. This increase is eliminated in a Dp(1;2)51b background.

Application of 10υM octopamine fails to increase the number of synaptopods in dnc^M14 homozygous neuromuscular junctions.

dnc^M14 mutants display decreased locomotor speed and no response to starvation.

(Koon et al., 2011)

dnc¹/dnc^M14 mutant flies show decreased avoidance of high temperatures.

(Hong et al., 2008)

Nurse cell dumping is incomplete in egg chambers from homozygous and dnc²/dnc^M14 females. Egg chambers have severely truncated dorsal appendages or the dorsal appendages fail to form altogether. Egg chamber degeneration is detected in stage 6 egg chambers and by stages 10 and 11, 88% of egg chambers are degenerating. Homozygous females lay only an occasional egg.

(Lannutti and Schneider, 2001)

Nurse cell nuclei are enlarged compared to wild type in dnc^M14/Df(1)N-64i16 and dnc²²⁵/dnc^M14 females. Rare egg chambers containing 32 cells are seen. Females show egg retention.

(Swan et al., 2001)

Synaptic terminals of axons 1 and 2 (from neurons RP3 and 6/7b respectively) at the neuromuscular junction of muscles 6 and 7 of third instar dnc^M14/Y larvae have less dense presynaptic and postsynaptic membranes than control synaptic terminals. A similar number of synapses per unit length of terminal is seen compared to controls. Axon 2 terminals show an increase in synapse size. A much greater variability in synapse area is seen compared to controls. The ratio of docked to undocked vesicles is higher than in wild type in axon 1 synapses.

(Renger et al., 2000)

Neurons with a slowly inactivating outward current and down-modulated by cAMP are absent in homozygous larval brains in contrast to wild-type. Neurons with an outward current dominated by a rapidly inactivating outward current and not modulated by cAMP are more abundant in homozygous larval brains compared to wild-type.

(Delgado et al., 1998)

The RP3 and 6/7b neurons which innervate longitudinal muscles 6 and 7 have overgrown terminals in dnc^M14 mutant larvae and establish a larger terminal surface over the muscles than in wild-type larvae.

(Meinertzhagen et al., 1998)

Virgin females injected with sex peptide (SP) show no decline in receptivity towards courting males, no inhibition of remating associated with the transfer of any non-sperm components at mating (the 'copulation effect') but did show a loss of receptivity due to the receipt of sperm (the 'sperm effect'). There is no significant difference in lifespan between females that have mated once and virgin females. Twice mated females have a significantly shorter lifespan.

(Chapman et al., 1996)

Increased bouton number and branching (due to down-regulation of synaptic Fas2 expression) and an increase in quantal content. Expression of CrebB-17A^b.hs does not alter the increase in synaptic structure but does reduce the quantal content to wild type levels. Another characteristic of the dnc phenotype is an alteration of synaptic modulation, wild type facilitation is replaced by depression at stimulation frequencies above 10Hz. Expression of CrebB-17A^b.hs significantly suppresses this aspect of the phenotype.

(Davis et al., 1996)

Mutant increases cAMP synthesis and moderately increases the rate of habituation (using the jump-and-flight escape response). Habituation is extremely rapid in dnc rut double mutants.

(Engel and Wu, 1996)

Growth cone exploratory movement is nearly arrested. Phenotype can be mimicked by normal neurons when perfused with db-cAMP (dibutyryl cAMP) or forskolin. Motility is also restored by counterbalancing the effects in rut dnc double mutants.

(Kim and Wu, 1996)

Number of boutons is increased compared to wild type due to reduction in Fas2 expression, but the mean quantal content or the quantal size is not altered reflecting no change in synaptic strength. Bouton number does not increase when Fas2^Scer\UAS.cLa is expressed from Scer\GAL4^E62-2 in dnc^M14 larvae.

(Schuster et al., 1996)

Heterozygotes with dnc^64j15 and dnc^69h9 display reduced female fertility, numerous eggs laid generating some progeny. Heterozygotes with dnc^81l6 are female sterile, no eggs are laid.

(Qiu and Davis, 1993)

The voltage-activated transient K⁺ current (I_A) in the larval muscle fibres of dnc^M14 animals is increased compared to wild-type. The amplitude of the transient and delayed plateau outward K⁺ currents (I_T and I_S respectively) in the larval muscle fibres of dnc^M14 animals are increased compared to wild-type. The amplitude of these currents is drastically reduced, to almost normal levels, if the fibres are treated with caffeine.

(Zhong and Wu, 1993)

Transheterozygote females dnc^M14/rut² and dnc^M14/rut³ deposit eggs that lack germ cells and display discrete morphological defects.

(Whitehouse-Hills et al., 1992)

Mutants exhibit enhanced motor terminal aborization, this suggests cAMP levels influence the size of motor axon projections.

(Zhong et al., 1992)

rut² dnc^M14 flies learn about half as well as wild-type controls.

(Feany, 1990)

Eggs are laid.

(Mohler and Carroll, 1984)

External Data

Linkouts

Interactions

Show genetic interaction network for Enhancers & Suppressors

Phenotypic Class

Suppressed by

Statement

Reference

Pde4^dnc-M14 has female sterile | recessive phenotype, suppressible by Gprk2[+]/Gprk2⁰⁶⁹³⁶

(Lannutti and Schneider, 2001)

Pde4^dnc-M14 has partially lethal - majority die | recessive phenotype, suppressible by Gprk2[+]/Gprk2⁰⁶⁹³⁶

(Lannutti and Schneider, 2001)

Pde4^dnc-2/Pde4^dnc-M14 has female sterile phenotype, suppressible | partially by Gprk2[+]/Gprk2⁰⁶⁹³⁶

(Lannutti and Schneider, 2001)

Pde4^dnc-2/Pde4^dnc-M14 has partially lethal - majority die phenotype, suppressible | partially by Gprk2[+]/Gprk2⁰⁶⁹³⁶

(Lannutti and Schneider, 2001)

Suppressor of

Statement

Reference

Pde4^dnc-M14/dnc[+] is a suppressor of decreased body size | pupal stage phenotype of Nf1^E2

(Walker et al., 2013)

Pde4^dnc-M14/dnc[+] is a suppressor of abnormal neuroanatomy | larval stage phenotype of Fak^RNAi.UAS, Scer\GAL4^elav.PU

(Tsai et al., 2012)

Pde4^dnc-M14 is a suppressor of abnormal neuroanatomy phenotype of slo¹

(Lee and Wu, 2010)

Pde4^dnc-M14 is a suppressor of abnormal neuroanatomy phenotype of sei²

(Lee and Wu, 2010)

Pde4^dnc-M14/dnc[+] is a suppressor of female sterile | recessive phenotype of Gprk2⁰⁶⁹³⁶

(Lannutti and Schneider, 2001)

Pde4^dnc-M14 is a suppressor of abnormal neurophysiology | larval stage phenotype of Pka-R1^BDK.UAS, Scer\GAL4^Mhc.PW

(Davis et al., 1998)

Other

Statement

Reference

Pde4^dnc-M14, stnA⁷ has lethal | recessive phenotype

(Petrovich et al., 1993)

Phenotype Manifest In

Suppressed by

Statement

Reference

Pde4^dnc-M14 has egg chamber phenotype, suppressible by Gprk2[+]/Gprk2⁰⁶⁹³⁶

(Lannutti and Schneider, 2001)

Pde4^dnc-2/Pde4^dnc-M14 has egg chamber phenotype, suppressible | partially by Gprk2[+]/Gprk2⁰⁶⁹³⁶

(Lannutti and Schneider, 2001)

Pde4^dnc-M14 has phenotype, suppressible by Adcy1^rut-1

(Zhong et al., 1992)

NOT suppressed by

Statement

Reference

Pde4^dnc-M14/Pde4^221b has nurse cell | increased number phenotype, non-suppressible by rut[+]/Adcy1^rut-2

(Swan et al., 2001)

Pde4^dnc-M14/Pde4^221b has nurse cell & nucleus phenotype, non-suppressible by rut[+]/Adcy1^rut-2

(Swan et al., 2001)

Suppressor of

Statement

Reference

Pde4^dnc-M14/dnc[+] is a suppressor of NMJ bouton | increased number | larval stage phenotype of Fak^RNAi.UAS, Scer\GAL4^elav.PU

(Tsai et al., 2012)

Pde4^dnc-M14 is a suppressor of NMJ bouton | increased number phenotype of slo¹

(Lee and Wu, 2010)

Pde4^dnc-M14 is a suppressor of neuromuscular junction phenotype of slo¹

(Lee and Wu, 2010)

Pde4^dnc-M14 is a suppressor of NMJ bouton | increased number phenotype of sei²

(Lee and Wu, 2010)

Pde4^dnc-M14 is a suppressor of neuromuscular junction phenotype of sei²

(Lee and Wu, 2010)

Pde4^dnc-M14/dnc[+] is a suppressor of nurse cell & nucleus phenotype of Gprk2⁰⁶⁹³⁶

(Lannutti and Schneider, 2001)

Additional Comments

Genetic Interactions

Statement

Reference

dnc^M14/+ suppresses the increase in bouton number per muscle area at the neuromuscular junction seen in larvae expressing Fak^{dsRNA.Scer\UAS} under the control of Scer\GAL4^elav.PU.

(Tsai et al., 2012)

A dnc^M14 mutant background severely suppresses the frequency of type B and type M satellites (small boutons) in dnc^M14; slo¹ double mutants.

A dnc^M14 mutant background reduces the frequency of type M satellites and mature boutons in dnc^M14; sei² double mutants.

(Lee and Wu, 2010)

The egg laying and hatching defects of Gprk2⁰⁶⁹³⁶ homozygous females are partially suppressed by a single copy of dnc^M14. The defect in tethering of the nurse cell nuclei seen in Gprk2⁰⁶⁹³⁶ homozygous egg chambers is partially suppressed by a single copy of dnc^M14. dnc^M14/dnc^M14 females carrying Gprk2⁰⁶⁹³⁶/+ lay 1.0 eggs/female/hour (wild-type value is 2.9 eggs/female/hour) of which 38.3% hatch. dnc²/dnc^M14 females carrying Gprk2⁰⁶⁹³⁶/+ lay 1.5 eggs/female/hour of which 31.6% hatch. The egg chamber degeneration of dnc^M14 homozygotes and dnc²/dnc^M14 females is partially suppressed by Gprk2⁰⁶⁹³⁶/+.

(Lannutti and Schneider, 2001)

rut² partially rescues the egg laying defects of dnc^221b/dnc^M14, but fails to rescue the nurse cell nuclear morphology and 32-cell cyst defects.

(Swan et al., 2001)

Significantly suppresses the increase in average spontaneous miniature excitatory junctional current amplitude seen in larvae expressing Pka-R1^BDK.Scer\UAS under the control of Scer\GAL4^Mhc.PW.

(Davis et al., 1998)

Double mutants with stnA⁷ die within the pupal case.

(Petrovich et al., 1993)

The enhanced motor terminal aborization seen in dnc^M14 mutants is counterbalanced by addition of rut¹. The effects of Sh and eag mutants can be potentiated by mutations in dnc and the enhancement can be counterbalanced by rut¹. The effect of extreme hyperexcitability in eag Sh double mutants cannot be potentiated by mutations in dnc.

(Zhong et al., 1992)

Xenogenetic Interactions

Statement

Reference

Complementation and Rescue Data

Rescued by

Pde4^ML/Pde4^dnc-M14 is rescued by Pde4^UAS.cCa/Scer\GAL4^Tdc2.PC

(Koon et al., 2011)

Pde4^dnc-M14 is rescued by Pde4^UAS.cCa/Scer\GAL4^Tdc2.PC

(Koon et al., 2011)

Comments

Expression of dnc^Scer\UAS.cCa exclusively in octopaminergic neurons under the control of Scer\GAL4^Tdc2.PC rescues the increase in synaptopods at neuromuscular junction type II endings seen in dnc^M14 homozygous and dnc^M14/dnc^ML heterozygous mutants.

(Koon et al., 2011)

Images (0)

Mutant

Wild-type

Stocks (2)

Bloomington

4714

y¹ Pde4^dnc-M14 cv¹ v¹ f¹/FM7a

Kyoto

107842

y¹ Pde4^dnc-M14 cv¹ v¹ f¹/FM7a

Notes on Origin

Discoverer

Mohler.

Comments

Enzyme activity is 4% of wild-type.

(Salz and Kiger, 1984)

External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 0 )

Synonyms and Secondary IDs (5)

Reported As

Symbol Synonym

Pde4^dnc-M14

(FlyBoard ad hoc nomenclature committee, 2024.7.14)

dnc^M14

(Al-Ramahi et al., 2018, Nagarkar-Jaiswal et al., 2015, Walker et al., 2013, Koon and Budnik, 2012, Tsai et al., 2012, Kang et al., 2011, Koon et al., 2011, Lee and Wu, 2010, Hong et al., 2008)

dnc^m14

(van Swinderen, 2007, Aravamudan and Broadie, 2003, Meinertzhagen et al., 1998, Feany, 1990)

fd(1)M42^14-756

(Mohler and Carroll, 1984)

fs(1)M42

(Perrimon et al., 1986)

Name Synonyms

Secondary FlyBase IDs

References (41)

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