CASKX-307/CASKX-313 flies have reduced reactivity to electric shock compared to controls.
CASKX-307/CASKX-313 flies show normal learning (measured as 2 minute memory) in an olfactory aversive conditioning assay. However, middle-term memory (measured 3 hours after one cycle of training) is completely abolished in the mutant flies.
Mature CASKX-307/CASKX-313 males show a extremely low overall level of immature-male courtship than the control. Courtship initiation latency of this mutant is also significantly longer than the control, with many males never initiating courtship during a 10 minute observation.
Mature CASKX-307/CASKX-313 males fail to habituate to immature male pheromones.
CASKP18/CASKX-313 flies exhibit significantly less movement than control flies.
CASKX-307/CASKX-313 flies exhibit significantly less movement than control flies.
CASKX-307/CASKX-313 flies have normal circadian locomotor rhythms and wild type free running periods.
CASKX-313/CASKX-307 larvae display a severe defect in locomotion and a 20% increase in bouton number at neuromuscular junctions.
CASKX-313/CASKX-307 neuromuscular junctions show a dramatic reduction in synaptic vesicle trafficking.
Induced excitatory potential (EJP) amplitude at CASKX-313/CASKX-307 neuromuscular junctions is significantly decreased compared to wild type.
Both the spontaneous miniature excitatory potential (mEJP) amplitude and frequency at CASKX-313/CASKX-307 neuromuscular junctions are significantly increased compared to wild type.
CASKX-307/CASKX-313 mutant flies exhibit an impairment in their flight ability compared to wild-type flies. Indirect flight muscle action potentials display significantly longer short- and long-latencies compared to wild-type controls. In some indirect flight muscles (approximately 5%) displaying a normal resting membrane potential, the stimulation of the giant fiber pathway fails to evoke a clear repsonse, which intead appears as a small depolarization. This lack of response remains unchanged with time as well as with increasing stimulus voltage or duration, suggesting that synaptic transmission is impaired in these fibers. The ability of the giant fiber pathway to follow continuous stimulation is also impaired. In contrast to wild-type flies, short-latency responses show a significant response decrement even at low stimulation frequencies in CASKX-307/CASKX-313 mutant flies. Long-latency responses show habituation, as in wild-type. At stimulation frequencies between 1 and 3 Hz the onset of habituation occurs significantly earlier in CASKX-307/CASKX-313 mutant flies than in wild-type. The percentage of CASKX-307/CASKX-313 mutant flies that show habituation is lower than in wild-type controls. These flies are also less responsive to dishabituation.
The resting membrane potential of indirect flight muscle fibers from CASKX-307/CASKX-313 mutant flies is not significantly different from wild-type. Average miniature end-plate potentials (MEPPs) frequency in CASKX-307/CASKX-313 mutant flies is significantly higher than in wild-type. Furthermore, average MEPPs amplitude is greater in CASKX-307/CASKX-313 mutants. Latency values are much shorter in CASKX-307/CASKX-313 mutants than in wild-type.
In a walking optomotor assay, the frequency of correct turns is significantly lower in CASKX-307/CASKX-313 mutants compared to wild-type flies. In a light intensity assay, the response of CASKX-307/CASKX-313 mutants to decreasing light intensity mirrors that of wild-type flies. However, the response of CASKX-307/CASKX-313 mutants at lower light intensities (below intermediate levels) suggest an impairment of visual function at low light intensity.
CASKX-307/CASKX-313 mutants exhibit a higher sustained ERG respones than in wild-type individuals. Although the ON transient amplitude is similar in both wild-type and CASKX-307/CASKX-313 flies, OFF transients are significantly higher in CASKX-307/CASKX-313 mutants than in wild-type individuals. These differences remain even when a high-intensity light stimulus is used instead of a low-intensity stimulus. Adaptation of the sustained response, induced by continuous 1Hz stimulation, is qualitatively similar in both CASKX-307/CASKX-313 mutants and wild-type flies, whereas the amplitudes of the ERG sustained responses are significantly higher in CASKX-307/CASKX-313 flies during the whole stimulation period.
CASKX-307/CASKX-313 is rescued by Scer\GAL4elav-C155/CASKUAS.cZa
CASKX-307/CASKX-313 is not rescued by Scer\GAL4elav-C155/CASKUAS.cZa
Expression of CASKScer\UAS.cZa pan-neuronally under the control of Scer\GAL4elav-C155 fully rescues the neuromuscular junction miniature end-plate potential as well as the giant fiber habituation response defects found in CASKX-307/CASKX-313 mutant females but does not rescue any of these defects in male progeny.
CakiX-307/CakiX-313 transheterozygote is referred to as 'caki1', a deletion of genomic DNA encoding approximately 100 amino acids of the C-terminal part of Caki.