FlyBase Allele Report: Dmel\how[stru-3R-3]

General Information

Symbol

Dmel\how^stru-3R-3

Species

D. melanogaster

Name

FlyBase ID

FBal0063752

Feature type

allele

Associated gene

Dmel\how

Associated Insertion(s)

Carried in Construct

Also Known As

how^stru

Key Links

Allele class

Mutagen

X ray

Nature of the Allele

Allele class

Mutagen

X ray

(Prout et al., 1997)

Progenitor genotype

Cytology

Description

Mutations Mapped to the Genome

Curation Data

Type

Location

Additional Notes

References

Variant Molecular Consequences

Associated Sequence Data

DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank

DNA sequence

Protein sequence

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Expression Data

Reporter Expression

Additional Information

Statement

Reference

Marker for

Reflects expression of

Reporter construct used in assay

Human Disease Associations

Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Disease

Evidence

References

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Disease

Interaction

References

Comments on Models/Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Disease-implicated variant(s)

Phenotypic Data

Phenotypic Class

abnormal cell cycle | germline clone

(Monk et al., 2010)

increased occurrence of cell division | embryonic stage

(Nabel-Rosen et al., 2005)

lethal | recessive

(Lo and Frasch, 1997)

lethal - all die during embryonic stage | recessive

(Prout et al., 1997)

some die during embryonic stage | recessive

(Prout et al., 1997)

visible | somatic clone

(Prout, 1997.3.19, Prout et al., 1997)

Phenotype Manifest In

Detailed Description

Statement

Reference

Mutant embryos show defects in the blood-brain barrier; 10kDa dextran injected into the hemolymph of stage 17 mutant embryos penetrates the central nervous system (CNS) within 15 minutes, whereas no penetration of the dye into the CNS is seen in wild-type embryos.

(Rodrigues et al., 2012)

Two days after clone induction, how^stru-3R-3 germline stem cells are observed in 38% of testes (compared to control clones being found in 68% of testes). how^stru-3R-3 homozygous germline stem cell clones are completely lost in 5-8 days after clone induction. Germline stem cells lacking how function do not differentiate prematurely into spermatogonia.

The morphology of how^stru-3R-3 homozygous mutant two-cell cysts is abnormal; in particular how^stru-3R-3 mutant cells are larger than surrounding wild-type spermatogonia of the equivalent stage.

how^stru-3R-3 mutant germline stem cell and spermatogonia clones are larger in size than their wild-type counterparts. Fusomes that connect how^stru-3R-3 sibling cells are larger than comparable wild-type cells. Consistent with their larger size, how^stru-3R-3 mutant spermatogonia contain larger nucleoli than their wild-type counterparts. how^stru-3R-3 mutant spermatogonia contain the correct number of centromeres. In addition, very few of these cells are observed to incorporate BrdU, indicating that they are not endoreplicating.

how^stru-3R-3 mutant germline stem cells exhibit a delay in the G2 phase of the cell cycle due to a lack of CycB and are eliminated from the germline via apoptosis.

(Monk et al., 2010)

Pre-blastoderm development is normal. A delay in mesoderm invagination is seen in zygotic mutant embryos. About 50% of homozygous mutants show defective mesoderm invagination. In most mutant embryos invagination does eventually take place, but is not synchronous; the delamination of the mesoderm cells from the ectoderm is sporadic compared to wild-type. A significantly higher number of mitotic nuclei are seen than in wild-type. Dividing cells are seen in the mesoderm anlage which is mitotically silent in wild-type. No difference is seen in developmental rate between wild-type and mutant embryos.

(Nabel-Rosen et al., 2005)

Mutants show an increased number of tendon cells at late stages of embryonic development (after muscle binding has occurred) compared to wild type.

(Nabel-Rosen et al., 1999)

Homozygous clones in the wing produce discrete, round blisters of variable size. These blisters can be located anywhere on the wing. Wing venation is normal.

(Prout et al., 1997)

Homozygous clones in the wing produce a blistered phenotype.

(Prout, 1997.3.19)

External Data

Linkouts

Interactions

Show genetic interaction network for Enhancers & Suppressors

Phenotypic Class

Suppressor of

Statement

Reference

how^stru-3R-3 is a suppressor of abnormal cell cycle phenotype of bam^Δ86

(Monk et al., 2010)

Phenotype Manifest In

Suppressor of

Statement

Reference

how^stru-3R-3 is a suppressor of spermatocyte cyst phenotype of bam^Δ86

(Monk et al., 2010)

how^stru-3R-3 is a suppressor of spermatocyte phenotype of bam^Δ86

(Monk et al., 2010)

Additional Comments

Genetic Interactions

Statement

Reference

A how^stru-3R-3 heterozygous background results in the generation of 8-cell cysts of spermatocytes and suppresses the extra divisions present in bam^Δ86/+ males.

(Monk et al., 2010)

Shows no interaction with mys^b9 or mys⁸.

(Prout et al., 1997)

Xenogenetic Interactions

Statement

Reference

Complementation and Rescue Data

Fails to complement

how^1A122

(Lo and Frasch, 1997)

Partially rescued by

how^stru-3R-3 is partially rescued by Scer\GAL4^repo.PU/how^{S.UAS.cRa.Tag:HA}

(Rodrigues et al., 2012)

how^stru-3R-3 is partially rescued by how^{L.UAS.cRa.Tag:HA}/Scer\GAL4^repo.PU

(Rodrigues et al., 2012)

Comments

Expression of how^{L.Scer\UAS.cRa.T:Ivir\HA1} under the control of Scer\GAL4^repo.PU partially rescues the blood-brain barrier defects of how^stru-3R-3 embryos.

Expression of how^{S.Scer\UAS.cRa.T:Ivir\HA1} under the control of Scer\GAL4^repo.PU partially rescues the blood-brain barrier defects of how^stru-3R-3 embryos.

(Rodrigues et al., 2012)

Images (0)

Mutant

Wild-type

Stocks (1)

Bloomington

2301

y¹ w¹; P{neoFRT}82B how^stru-3R-3 P{white-un1}90E/TM6B, P{iab-2(1.7)lacZ}6B, Tb¹

Notes on Origin

Discoverer

External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 0 )

Synonyms and Secondary IDs (5)

Reported As

Symbol Synonym

HOW^stru-3R-3

(Giuliani et al., 2014)

how^stru-3R-3

(Park et al., 2011, Monk et al., 2010, Christensen et al., 2009.5.6, Christensen et al., 2009.5.6, Christensen et al., 2008.6.11)

how^stru

(Aw et al., 2017, Nir et al., 2012, Rodrigues et al., 2012, Monk et al., 2010, Israeli et al., 2007, Toledano-Katchalski et al., 2007, Volohonsky et al., 2007, Nabel-Rosen et al., 2005, Nabel-Rosen et al., 1999)

stru^3R-3

struthio¹

(Lo and Frasch, 1997)

Name Synonyms

Secondary FlyBase IDs

References (17)

Report Sections

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