Photogenetic activation of larval EL interneurons (by the expression of Cnoc\ChR1::Csub\ChR^{CsChrimson.IVS.20xUAS.Venus} under the control of Scer\GAL4^EL.eveRC, plus ATR feeding and light stimulus) induces an escape rolling response.

Thermogenetic activation (using TrpA1^UAS.(B).cKa at 30[o]C) of Scer\GAL4^EL.eveRC cells in larvae results in significantly slower crawling and abnormal left-right asymmetric body posture, with significantly greater head and tail angles, compared to controls; muscles have asymmetric contracted and relaxed lengths, unlike controls, but symmetry of contraction timing is unaffected.

Optogenetic activation (using Cnoc\ChR1^{Cs.IVS.20xUAS.Venus} with red light) of Scer\GAL4^EL.eveRC cells in larvae causes bending of the body (C-bends) during crawling, with significantly greater head and tail angles than controls.

Ablation (using rpr^UAS.cUa and hid^UAS.cUa) of Scer\GAL4^EL.eveRC cells in larvae results in significantly slower crawling and abnormal left-right asymmetric body posture, with significantly greater head and tail angles, compared to controls; muscles have asymmetric contracted and relaxed lengths, unlike controls, but left-right synchrony of contraction timing is unaffected; when ablation is limited to a smaller subset of Scer\GAL4^EL.eveRC cells using Scer\GAL80^tsh-GAL80, there are no defects in locomotion and crawling speed is not significantly different to controls.