FlyBase Gene Report: Dmel\Cp16

General Information

Symbol

Dmel\Cp16

Species

D. melanogaster

Name

Chorion protein 16

Annotation Symbol

CG6533

Feature Type

protein_coding_gene

FlyBase ID

FBgn0000356

Gene Model Status

Current

Stock Availability

3 publicly available

Gene Summary

Chorion membrane (egg shell) protein; plays a role in protecting the egg from the environment. (UniProt, P22977)

Contribute a Gene Snapshot for this gene.

All Summaries

Alliance
Auto summary
Gene Group
UniProtKB
Red Book
Interactive Fly

Also Known As

s16

Key Links

Genomic Location

Cytogenetic map

66D12-66D12

Sequence location

3L:8,731,944..8,732,599 [+]

Recombination map

3-26

RefSeq locus

NT_037436 REGION:8731944..8732599

Sequence

Get Decorated FASTA

Genomic Maps

JBrowse

Other Genome Views

The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.

Function

Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (4 terms)

Molecular Function (1 term)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)

CV Term

Evidence

References

enables structural constituent of egg chorion

inferred by curator from GO:0007304

(Niepielko et al., 2014)

Biological Process (2 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (2 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

involved_in chorion-containing eggshell formation

inferred from expression pattern

(Niepielko et al., 2014)

involved_in dorsal appendage formation

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Peters et al., 2013)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (0 terms)

Cellular Component (1 term)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)

CV Term

Evidence

References

is_active_in egg chorion

inferred by curator from GO:0007304

(Niepielko et al., 2014)

located_in egg chorion

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR008450

(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)

Gene Group (FlyBase)

CHORION PROTEINS

Protein Family (UniProt)

Belongs to the chorion protein S16 family. (P22977)

Protein Signatures (InterPro)

Chorion S16

Summaries

Gene Group (FlyBase)

CHORION PROTEINS -: Chorion proteins (Cp) are encoded by gene clusters on the X and 3rd chromosome that undergo selective gene application in ovarian follicle cells during oogenesis. The Cp genes encode the major structural components of the eggshell chorion. (Adapted from FBrf0046094, FBrf0053248 and FBrf0227210.)

Protein Function (UniProtKB)

Chorion membrane (egg shell) protein; plays a role in protecting the egg from the environment.

(UniProt, P22977)

Phenotypic Description (Red Book; Lindsley and Zimm 1992)

Cp16

The fourth of four chorion-protein genes in a 6-kb sequence; encodes S16-1, a 16,000-dalton chorion protein. Temporal and spatial distribution of expression described by Park and Spradling (1987, Genes Dev. 1: 497-509).

Gene Model and Products

Number of Transcripts

Number of Unique Polypeptides

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\Cp16 for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)

Isoform displayed:

Pfam protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Protein Domains (via SMART)

Isoform displayed:

SMART protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Structure

Protein 3D structure (Predicted by AlphaFold) (AlphaFold entry P22977)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.

Model Confidence:

Very high (pLDDT > 90)
Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures

Crossreferences

Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.46

Gene model reviewed during 6.61

Transcript Data

Annotated Transcripts

Name

FlyBase ID

RefSeq ID

Length (nt)

Assoc. CDS (aa)

Cp16-RA

FBtr0076574

NM_079257

522

138

Additional Transcript Data and Comments

Reported size (kB)

0.65 (northern blot)

(Griffin-Shea et al., 1982)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

Polypeptide Data

Annotated Polypeptides

Name

FlyBase ID

Predicted MW (kDa)

Length (aa)

Theoretical pI

UniProt

RefSeq ID

GenBank

Cp16-PA

FBpp0076301

14.3

138

8.00

P22977

NP_523981

AAF50372

Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

There is only one protein coding transcript and one polypeptide associated with this gene

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments

Reported size (kDa)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

Chorion S16

Linkouts

Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model

Nucleotide / Polypeptide Records

UniProt

P22977

Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\Cp16 using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data

Crossreferences

Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.

Cp16_1

Linkouts

Expression Data

Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

-0.42

Transcript Expression

in situ

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

oogenesis stage S11 -- S12 & adult stage | female

main body follicle cell | anterior | dorsal

(Niepielko et al., 2014)

oogenesis stage S12 & adult stage | female

main body follicle cell | anterior | ventral

(Niepielko et al., 2014)

northern blot

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

adult stage | female

(Griffin-Shea et al., 1982)

oogenesis stage S11 -- S14

(Griffin-Shea et al., 1982)

radioisotope in situ

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

adult stage oogenesis stage S13 -- S14

follicle cell

(Parks and Spradling, 1987)

Additional Descriptive Data

Cp16 is expressed in all follicle cells, except for those associated with nurse cell remnants, and those at the tip of the micropyle.

(Parks and Spradling, 1987)

Cp16 transcript first appears in stage S11 of oogenesis, and expression peaks at stage S13-S14.

(Griffin-Shea et al., 1982)

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Polypeptide Expression

No Assay Recorded

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

adult stage | female

ovary

(Komitopoulou et al., 1988)

mass spectroscopy

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

day 7 of adulthood -- day 49 of adulthood

adult heart

(Cammarato et al., 2011)

Additional Descriptive Data

The six major chorion bands are dramatically reduced in follicles of Mcm6^K1214, mus101^K451 and fs(1)A1059^K1 mutants. No reduction of major chorion bands is seen in swa⁶ although some affects are seen in higher molecular weight components.

(Komitopoulou et al., 1988)

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Evidence

References

Expression Deduced from Reporters

High-Throughput Expression Data

Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\Cp16 in JBrowse

RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region

View exonic expression by developmental stage for Dmel\Cp16

View exonic expression by tissue for Dmel\Cp16

Bulk Downloads

RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes

Reference

See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.

Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle

Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis

External Data and Images

Linkouts

DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species

39001/tissue=All

EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species

FBgn0000356

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

FBgn0000356

FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data

FBgn0000356

Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut

FBgn0000356

Images

FlyBase Wiki

Image Based Resources

Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations

Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 0 )

For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show

Other relevant insertions

Transgenic Constructs ( 6 )

For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show

Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of Cp16

Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of Cp16

Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 0 )

Inferred from experimentation ( 0 )

Inferred from location ( 4 )

Variants

Variant Molecular Consequences

Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants

Phenotypes

For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.

Lethality

Allele

viable, with Dcr-2^UAS.cDa, Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu

Cp16^GD5021

viable, with Scer\GAL4^Mef2.PR

Cp16^GD5021

viable, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

Cp16^GD5021

Phenotype manifest in

Allele

dorsal appendage, with Scer\GAL4^CY2

Cp16^KK112398

dorsal appendage, with Scer\GAL4^Vm26Aa.F

Cp16^KK112398

Orthologs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Orthologs

Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Homo sapiens (Human) (0)

Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (0)

Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (0)

Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (0)

Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (0)

Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (0)

Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (0)

Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (0)

Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (0)

Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (0)

Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)

Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)

Data provided directly from OrthoDB:Cp16. Refer to their site for version information.

Paralogs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Paralogs

Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Gene Symbol

Score

Source

Alignment

Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (0)

Human Disease Associations

FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports

Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Allele

Disease

Evidence

References

Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 0 )

Human Ortholog

Disease

Evidence

References

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Allele

Disease

Interaction

References

Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)

Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.

Homo sapiens (Human)

Gene name

Score

OMIM

OMIM Phenotype

DO term

Complementation?

Transgene?

Functional Complementation Data

Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.

Interactions

Summary of Physical Interactions

Interaction Browsers

Summary of Genetic Interactions

Interaction Browsers

View in FlyBase Interactions Browser View in MIST tool (external link)

Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

Cp16

enhanceable

ttk

(Peters et al., 2013)

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

External Data

Linkouts

BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.

64407

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0000356

Pathways

Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)

Metabolic Pathways

FlyBase

External Links

External Data

Linkouts

Class of Gene

nuclear_gene

protein_coding_gene

Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data

Chromosome (arm)

Recombination map

3-26

Cytogenetic map

66D12-66D12

Sequence location

3L:8,731,944..8,732,599 [+]

FlyBase Computed Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Evidence for location

66D12-66D12

Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{PZ}SrpRβ^rK561&P{lacW}l(3)j5B6^j5B6 and P{PZ}l(3)01629⁰¹⁶²⁹&P{PZ}mRpL12¹⁰⁵³⁴

Experimentally Determined Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Notes

References

66D11-66D15

(determined by in situ hybridisation)

(Griffin-Shea et al., 1982)

Experimentally Determined Recombination Data

Location

3-26

(FlyBase, 2016)

3-20.9

(Comeron et al., 2012)

Left of (cM)

Right of (cM)

Notes

Stocks and Reagents

Stocks (3)

Aberrations including deletions of this gene Aberrations including duplications of this gene

Bloomington

67327

y¹ sc^* v¹ sev²¹; P{TRiP.HMC06431}attP40

VDRC

v104999

P{KK112398}VIE-260B

v19870

w¹¹¹⁸; P{GD5021}v19870

Genomic Clones (18)

Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

cDNA Clones (11)

Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

cDNA clones, fully sequenced

BDGP DGC clones

Other clones

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

FBgn0000356

cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)

BDGP DGC clones

Other clones

RNAi and Array Information

Linkouts

DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens

FBgn0000356

Antibody Information

Laboratory Generated Antibodies

Commercially Available Antibodies

Cell Line Information

Publicly Available Cell Lines

Other Stable Cell Lines

Other Comments

Primarily regulated at the transcriptional level.

(Romano et al., 1991)

Two dimensional gels have been used to map the replication sites within the third chromosome chorion domain during amplification.

(Heck and Spradling, 1990)

5' flanking sequence conservation of Cp16 is very strong between species and extends further upstream than that for Cp15, Cp18 or Cp19.

(Swimmer et al., 1990)

The Cp15, Cp16, Cp18 and Cp19 genes of the chorion cluster have been characterized in D.melanogaster, D.subobscura, D.virilis and D.grimshawi. The temporally specific follicular expression of Cp15, Cp16, Cp18 and Cp19 and gene organization has been conserved. A highly conserved DNA region exists downstream of Cp16 and in the 5' flanking DNA.

(Fenerjian et al., 1989)

mus101^K451, Mcm6^K1214 and fs(1)A1059^K1 mutants interfere with the amplification of the major chorion genes Cp15, Cp16, Cp18, Cp19, Cp36 and Cp38.

(Komitopoulou et al., 1988)

The fourth of four chorion-protein genes in a 6-kb sequence; encodes S16-1, a 16,000-dalton chorion protein. Temporal and spatial distribution of expression described (Parks and Spradling, 1987).

Relationship to Other Genes

Source for database merge of

Additional comments

Nomenclature History

Source for database identify of

Nomenclature comments

Etymology

Synonyms and Secondary IDs (14)

Reported As

Symbol Synonym

CG6533

(Cammarato et al., 2011, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5, Perkins et al., 2009, Fakhouri et al., 2006, Jagadeeshan and Singh, 2005)

CP16

(Pletcher et al., 2002)

Dms16

(Vlachou and Komitopoulou, 2001)

Ov31

(Jagadeeshan and Singh, 2005)

S16

X16715

(Ptak and Petrov, 2002)

cp16

(Kim et al., 2011, Calvi et al., 2007, Jagadeeshan and Singh, 2007, Jagadeeshan and Singh, 2005, McVean and Vieira, 1999)

melcp16

(Jagadeeshan and Singh, 2007)

s16

(Valina et al., 2024, Velentzas et al., 2016, Cavaliere et al., 2008, Claycomb and Orr-Weaver, 2005, Lu et al., 2001, Orr-Weaver, 1991, Romano et al., 1991, Heck and Spradling, 1990, Swimmer et al., 1990, Fenerjian et al., 1989)

s16-1

(de Cicco and Spradling, 1984)

Name Synonyms

Chorion Protein 16

(Dopman and Hartl, 2007)

Chorion prot 16

(Carpenter et al., 2009)

Chorion protein 16

(Gao et al., 2021, Cammarato et al., 2011, Fakhouri et al., 2006)

Secondary FlyBase IDs

Datasets (0)

Study focus (0)

Experimental Role

Project

Project Type

Title

Study result (0)

Result

Result Type

Title

External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 26 )

Sequence Crossreferences

NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.

39001

GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.

GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.

RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.

UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.

P22977

UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information

P22977

Other crossreferences

AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.

P22977

DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species

39001/tissue=All

EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species

FBgn0000356

FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data

FBgn0000356

FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics

FBgn0000356

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

Chorion S16

KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.

dme:Dmel_CG6533

MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)

39001

Linkouts

BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.

64407

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones

FBgn0000356

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0000356

DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens

FBgn0000356

Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.

Cp16_1

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

FBgn0000356

FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel

FBGN0000356

Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut

FBgn0000356

References (88)

The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.

-0.42

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