FlyBase Gene Report: Dmel\mtSSB

General Information

Symbol

Dmel\mtSSB

Species

D. melanogaster

Name

mitochondrial single stranded DNA-binding protein

Annotation Symbol

CG4337

Feature Type

protein_coding_gene

FlyBase ID

FBgn0010438

Gene Model Status

Current

Stock Availability

8 publicly available

Gene Summary

Binds preferentially and cooperatively to pyrimidine rich single-stranded DNA (ss-DNA) (PubMed:21953457, PubMed:7673145, PubMed:8206370). Required to maintain the copy number of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and plays crucial roles during mtDNA replication that stimulate activity of the gamma complex polymerase PolG1/tam at the replication fork (PubMed:11294889, PubMed:14754882, PubMed:21953457, PubMed:26446790, PubMed:28318978, PubMed:7673145). Promotes PolG1 activity largely by organizing the template DNA and eliminating secondary structures to favor ss-DNA conformations that facilitate PolG1 activity (PubMed:21953457, PubMed:26446790, PubMed:7673145). (UniProt, P54622)

Contribute a Gene Snapshot for this gene.

All Summaries

Alliance
Auto summary
Gene Group
UniProtKB
Interactive Fly

Also Known As

DmmtSSB

Key Links

Genomic Location

Cytogenetic map

89B7-89B7

Sequence location

3R:16,204,194..16,205,250 [-]

Recombination map

3-58

RefSeq locus

NT_033777 REGION:16204194..16205250

Sequence

Get Decorated FASTA

Genomic Maps

JBrowse

Other Genome Views

The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.

Function

Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (10 terms)

Molecular Function (2 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)

CV Term

Evidence

References

enables single-stranded DNA binding

inferred from direct assay

(Farr et al., 2004, Stroumbakis et al., 1994)

inferred from direct assay

(Ciesielski et al., 2015)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

enables enzyme activator activity

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000033807

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

enables single-stranded DNA binding

inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:Q04837

(Sardiello et al., 2003.6.11)

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR000424, InterPro:IPR011344

(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000033807

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

Biological Process (5 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (4 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

involved_in DNA synthesis involved in DNA replication

inferred from direct assay

(Luo and Kaguni, 2005, Farr et al., 1999)

involved_in mitochondrial DNA replication

inferred from direct assay

(Ciesielski et al., 2015, Wang and Kaguni, 1999)

inferred from direct assay

(Maier et al., 2001)

involved_in positive regulation of DNA-directed DNA polymerase activity

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Farr et al., 2004)

involved_in positive regulation of mitochondrial DNA replication

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Farr et al., 2004)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

involved_in DNA replication

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR011344

(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000033807

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

involved_in positive regulation of mitochondrial DNA replication

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000033809

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

Cellular Component (3 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (2 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

located_in mitochondrial chromosome

inferred from direct assay

(Maier et al., 2001)

located_in mitochondrion

inferred from direct assay

(Thommes et al., 1995)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

is_active_in mitochondrial nucleoid

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000033809

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

located_in mitochondrion

inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:Q04837

(Sardiello et al., 2003.6.11)

Gene Group (FlyBase)

MITOCHONDRIAL DNA REPLISOME

Protein Family (UniProt)

Protein Signatures (InterPro)

Summaries

Gene Group (FlyBase)

MITOCHONDRIAL DNA REPLISOME -: The mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) replisome is multiprotein assembly required for the replication of mitochondrial DNA. The complex catalyzes the unwinding and strand synthesis of mtDNA. (Adapted from PMID:38884788.)

Protein Function (UniProtKB)

(UniProt, P54622)

Gene Model and Products

Number of Transcripts

Number of Unique Polypeptides

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\mtSSB for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)

Isoform displayed:

Pfam protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Protein Domains (via SMART)

Isoform displayed:

SMART protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Structure

Protein 3D structure (Predicted by AlphaFold) (AlphaFold entry P54622)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.

Model Confidence:

Very high (pLDDT > 90)
Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures

Crossreferences

Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.55

Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.

Gene model reviewed during 5.54

Gene model reviewed during 5.56

Transcript Data

Annotated Transcripts

Name

FlyBase ID

RefSeq ID

Length (nt)

Assoc. CDS (aa)

mtSSB-RA

FBtr0083277

NM_080496

575

146

Additional Transcript Data and Comments

Reported size (kB)

0.5 (northern blot)

(Ruiz de Mena et al., 2000)

0.6 (northern blot)

(Stroumbakis et al., 1994)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

Polypeptide Data

Annotated Polypeptides

Name

FlyBase ID

Predicted MW (kDa)

Length (aa)

Theoretical pI

UniProt

RefSeq ID

GenBank

mtSSB-PA

FBpp0082729

16.4

146

10.40

P54622

NP_536744

AAF55287

Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

There is only one protein coding transcript and one polypeptide associated with this gene

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments

Reported size (kDa)

140 (aa)

(Ruiz de Mena et al., 2000)

140 (aa); 16 (kD predicted)

(Stroumbakis et al., 1994)

Comments

External Data

Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)

Homotetramer.

(UniProt, P54622)

Crossreferences

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

Linkouts

Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model

Nucleotide / Polypeptide Records

UniProt

P54622

Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\mtSSB using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data

Crossreferences

Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.

mtSSB_1

Linkouts

Expression Data

Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

-0.51

Transcript Expression

in situ

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage

posterior midgut primordium

(Ruiz de Mena et al., 2000)

anterior midgut primordium

(Ruiz de Mena et al., 2000)

embryonic stage 1 -- 4

organism | ubiquitous | uniform

Comment: maternally deposited

(Ruiz de Mena et al., 2000)

embryonic stage 4

organism | ubiquitous

(Ruiz de Mena et al., 2000)

embryonic stage 12

anterior midgut primordium

(Ruiz de Mena et al., 2000)

posterior midgut primordium

(Ruiz de Mena et al., 2000)

embryonic stage 12 -- 14

fused midgut primordium

(Ruiz de Mena et al., 2000)

embryonic stage 15 -- 17

embryonic midgut constriction

(Ruiz de Mena et al., 2000)

wandering third instar larval stage

wing pouch | restricted

(Molnar et al., 2012)

wing hinge primordium | restricted

(Molnar et al., 2012)

northern blot

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage

(Stroumbakis et al., 1994)

embryonic/larval posterior midgut

(Ruiz de Mena et al., 2000)

embryonic/larval anterior midgut

(Ruiz de Mena et al., 2000)

embryonic stage -- adult stage

(Ruiz de Mena et al., 2000)

larval stage -- adult stage

organism

(Ruiz de Mena et al., 2000)

oogenesis & adult stage | female

ovary

(Stroumbakis et al., 1994)

Additional Descriptive Data

mtSSB transcripts are detected at all stages of development on northern blots with the highest levels in embryos and adults. mtSSB transcripts are distributed throughout the syncytial embryo stage and disappear by the cellular blastoderm stage. At later embryonic stages, transcripts are observed in the midgut.

(Ruiz de Mena et al., 2000)

The 0.6kb mtSSB transcript is observed in ovaries and during embryogenesis. A 1.5kb related transcript observed in adult female carcasses and in first instar larvae may be an alternatively spliced transcript or the product of another gene.

(Stroumbakis et al., 1994)

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Polypeptide Expression

mass spectroscopy

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

adult stage

adult head

• membrane

(Aradska et al., 2015)

day 7 of adulthood -- day 49 of adulthood

adult heart

(Cammarato et al., 2011)

Additional Descriptive Data

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Evidence

References

located_in mitochondrial chromosome

inferred from direct assay

(Maier et al., 2001)

located_in mitochondrion

inferred from direct assay

(Thommes et al., 1995)

Expression Deduced from Reporters

High-Throughput Expression Data

Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\mtSSB in JBrowse

RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region

View exonic expression by developmental stage for Dmel\mtSSB

View exonic expression by tissue for Dmel\mtSSB

Bulk Downloads

RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes

Reference

See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.

Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle

Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis

External Data and Images

Linkouts

DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species

41968/tissue=All

EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species

FBgn0010438

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

FBgn0010438

FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data

FBgn0010438

Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut

FBgn0010438

Images

FlyBase Wiki

Image Based Resources

Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations

Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 5 )

For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show

Other relevant insertions

Transgenic Constructs ( 11 )

For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show

Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of mtSSB

Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of mtSSB

Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 2 )

Inferred from experimentation ( 2 )

Gene disrupted in

Df(3R)Exel6268

(Ryder, 2004.4.26)

Df(3R)sbd26

(Deak et al., 1997)

Inferred from location ( 3 )

Variants

Variant Molecular Consequences

Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants

Phenotypes

For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.

Lethality

Allele

lethal (with Df(3R)sbd26)

mtSSB^S004613

lethal | recessive

mtSSB^S004613

viable

mtSSB^f02505

viable, with Dcr-2^UAS.cDa, Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu

mtSSB^GD13369

viable, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

mtSSB^GD13369

viable, with Scer\GAL4^tin.CΔ4

mtSSB^GD13369

Sterility

Allele

fertile

mtSSB^f02505

Other Phenotypes

Allele

abnormal developmental rate | larval stage

mtSSB^S004613

decreased occurrence of cell division | larval stage

mtSSB^S004613

long lived, with Scer\GAL4^Mef2.PR

mtSSB^NIG.4337R

visible, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

mtSSB^GD13369

wild-type

mtSSB^hs.PM

Phenotype manifest in

Allele

larval central nervous system | larval stage

mtSSB^S004613

larval midgut & mitochondrion

mtSSB^S004613

mitochondrial nucleoid, with Scer\GAL4^VP16.bam

mtSSB^GLC01722

Nebenkern, with Scer\GAL4^VP16.bam

mtSSB^GLC01722

trichogen cell, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

mtSSB^GD13369

Orthologs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Orthologs

Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Homo sapiens (Human) (1)

Hsap\SSBP1

13 of 14

Yes

Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (1)

Rnor\Ssbp1

13 of 14

Yes

Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (1)

Mmus\Ssbp1

12 of 14

Yes

Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (2)

Xtro\ssbp1

7 of 13

Yes

Xtro\LOC100492970

1 of 13

Yes

Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (1)

Drer\ssbp1

13 of 14

Yes

Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (1)

Cele\mtss-1

9 of 14

Yes

Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (1)

Agam\AgaP_AGAP002477

11 of 12

Yes

Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (6)

Atha\MTSSB

6 of 13

Yes

Atha\AT3G18580

5 of 13

Yes

Atha\OSB1

1 of 13

Yes

Atha\OSB3

1 of 13

Yes

Atha\OSB4

1 of 13

Yes

Atha\PTAC9

1 of 13

Yes

Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (1)

Scer\RIM1

2 of 13

Yes

Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (1)

Spom\rim1

3 of 12

Yes

Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (1)

Ecol\ssb

7 of 11

Yes

Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)

Data provided directly from OrthoDB:mtSSB. Refer to their site for version information.

Paralogs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Paralogs

Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Gene Symbol

Score

Source

Alignment

Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (0)

Human Disease Associations

FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports

Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Allele

Disease

Evidence

References

Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 0 )

Human Ortholog

Disease

Evidence

References

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Allele

Disease

Interaction

References

Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)

Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.

Homo sapiens (Human)

Gene name

Score

OMIM

OMIM Phenotype

DO term

Complementation?

Transgene?

SSBP1; single stranded DNA binding protein 1

13 of 14

600439

OPTIC ATROPHY 13 WITH RETINAL AND FOVEAL ABNORMALITIES; OPA13

Functional Complementation Data

Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.

Interactions

Summary of Physical Interactions

Interaction Browsers

View in FlyBase Interactions Browser View in MIST tool (external link)

Please see the Physical Interaction reports below for full details

protein-protein

Physical Interaction

Assay

References

mtSSB - CG1532

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

mtSSB - CG2162

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

mtSSB - CG42557

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

mtSSB - DUBAI

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

mtSSB - Fpps

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

mtSSB - Ho

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

mtSSB - Ntf-2

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

mtSSB - Rex2

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

mtSSB - Sod1

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

mtSSB - Taf5

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

mtSSB - Tango2

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

mtSSB - TfAP-2

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

Summary of Genetic Interactions

Interaction Browsers

View in FlyBase Interactions Browser View in MIST tool (external link)

Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

mRpS23

suppressible

mtSSB

(Shan et al., 2024)

Mterf4

suppressible

mtSSB

(Shan et al., 2024)

External Data

Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)

Homotetramer.

(UniProt, P54622 )

Linkouts

BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.

67018

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0010438

MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

41968

Pathways

Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)

Metabolic Pathways

FlyBase

External Links

External Data

Linkouts

KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.

Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.

Mitochondrial protein degradation

Class of Gene

nuclear_gene

protein_coding_gene

Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data

Chromosome (arm)

Recombination map

3-58

Cytogenetic map

89B7-89B7

Sequence location

3R:16,204,194..16,205,250 [-]

FlyBase Computed Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Evidence for location

89B7-89B7

Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{PZ}blp⁰¹⁶¹⁸ and P{PZ}gish⁰⁴⁸⁹⁵&P{EP}EP3171

Experimentally Determined Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Notes

References

Experimentally Determined Recombination Data

Location

3-58

(FlyBase, 2016)

3-58.2

(Comeron et al., 2012)

Left of (cM)

Right of (cM)

Notes

Stocks and Reagents

Stocks (8)

Aberrations including deletions of this gene Aberrations including duplications of this gene

Bloomington

18558

w¹¹¹⁸; PBac{WH}mtSSB^f02505

64713

w¹¹¹⁸; PBac{IT.GAL4}mtSSB^0355-G4

50600

y¹ sc^* v¹ sev²¹; P{TRiP.GLC01722}attP2

62692

w¹¹¹⁸; PBac{IT.GAL4}mtSSB^0192-G4 CG31287^0192-G4

4337R-1

4337R-2

v107332

v23299

w¹¹¹⁸; P{GD13369}v23299

Genomic Clones (20)

Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

cDNA Clones (37)

Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

cDNA clones, fully sequenced

BDGP DGC clones

RE09167

Other clones

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

FBgn0010438

cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)

BDGP DGC clones

GM25468

RNAi and Array Information

Linkouts

DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens

FBgn0010438

Antibody Information

Laboratory Generated Antibodies

Commercially Available Antibodies

Cell Line Information

Publicly Available Cell Lines

Other Stable Cell Lines

New stable cell line derived from S2-unspecified : S2 cells expressing Tag:HA -tagged mtSSB and Tag:V5 -taggeds rnh1 were created.
(González de Cózar et al., 2020)

Other Comments

Area matching Drosophila mitochondrial single-stranded DNA binding protein, Acc. No. U00669.

(Davies, 2001.3.15)

mtSSB is required for MT:DNA replication.

(Maier et al., 2001)

Mutants show a drastic decrease in MT:DNA content that is coupled with a loss of respiration.

(Maier et al., 2001)

Mitochondrial single stranded DNA binding protein is purified and identified by amino terminal sequencing, peptide analysis and localisation of the protein in the mitochondrial fraction. Physical and biochemical properties of the 18kD polypeptide demonstrate it is distinct from the nuclear single stranded DNA binding protein, RpA-30. Functional interaction with mitochondrial DNA polymerase γ suggests it serves an important role in mitochondrial DNA replication.

(Thommes et al., 1995)

mtSSB stimulates DNA polymerase γ activity in vitro.

(Williams and Kaguni, 1995)

Relationship to Other Genes

Source for database merge of

Additional comments

Nomenclature History

Source for database identify of

Nomenclature comments

Etymology

Synonyms and Secondary IDs (14)

Reported As

Symbol Synonym

0046/13

(Deak et al., 1997)

CG4337

(Hosono et al., 2015, Fukuoh et al., 2014, Owusu-Ansah et al., 2013, Jaspers et al., 2012, Cammarato et al., 2011, Müller et al., 2010, Ni et al., 2010.12.1, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5, Chen et al., 2008)

DmmtSSB

(Oliveira and Kaguni, 2011, Thommes et al., 1995)

SSB

(Williams and Kaguni, 1995)

SSB_DROME

(Storm and Sonnhammer, 2003)

c3a

(Stroumbakis et al., 1994)

dmtSSB

(Tue et al., 2017)

lopo

(Maier et al., 2001)

Name Synonyms

low power

(Maier et al., 2001)

mitochondrial single strand binding protein

(Sardiello et al., 2005)

mitochondrial single stranded DNA-binding protein

(Jaspers et al., 2012, Cammarato et al., 2011)

mitochondrial single-stranded DNA-binding

(Tolias, 1993.8.10)

mitochondrial single-stranded DNA-binding protein

(Oliveira and Kaguni, 2011, Craigen and Graham, 2008)

Secondary FlyBase IDs

Datasets (0)

Study focus (0)

Experimental Role

Project

Project Type

Title

Study result (0)

Result

Result Type

Title

External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 38 )

Sequence Crossreferences

NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.

41968

GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.

GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.

RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.

UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.

P54622

UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information

P54622

Other crossreferences

AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.

P54622

DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species

41968/tissue=All

EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species

FBgn0010438

FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data

FBgn0010438

FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics

FBgn0010438

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.

dme:Dmel_CG4337

MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)

41968

Linkouts

BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.

67018

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones

FBgn0010438

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0010438

DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens

FBgn0010438

Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.

mtSSB_1

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

FBgn0010438

FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel

FBGN0010438

Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut

FBgn0010438

iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)

TC007832

KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.

MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

41968

Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.

Mitochondrial protein degradation

References (81)

The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.

-0.51

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