FB2026_02 , released June 18, 2026
FB2026_02 , released June 18, 2026
Gene: Dmel\Vha100-2
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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\Vha100-2
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
Vacuolar H+ ATPase 100kD subunit 2
Annotation Symbol
CG18617
Feature Type
protein_coding_gene
FlyBase ID
FBgn0028670
Gene Model Status
Current
Stock Availability
15 publicly available
Gene Summary
Contribute a Gene Snapshot for this gene.
All Summaries
Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
91A5-91A5
Sequence location
Recombination map
3-63
RefSeq locus
NT_033777 REGION:18390323..18399169
Sequence
Get Decorated FASTA
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
NCBI
UCSC
Ensembl
PopFly
Function
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (9 terms)
Molecular Function (2 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables ATPase binding
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000179505
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
contributes_to proton-transporting ATPase activity, rotational mechanism
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:P32563
(Dow, 1999)
inferred by curator from GO:0033181
(Allan et al., 2005)
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000179505
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
enables proton-transporting ATPase activity, rotational mechanism
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR002490, InterPro:IPR026028
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
Biological Process (2 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in proton transmembrane transport
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR002490
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:P32563
(Dow, 1999)
involved_in vacuolar acidification
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000179505
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
Cellular Component (5 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
part_of plasma membrane proton-transporting V-type ATPase complex
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Allan et al., 2005)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (4 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
is_active_in plasma membrane
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000907964
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
part_of proton-transporting V-type ATPase, V0 domain
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR002490
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
part_of vacuolar proton-transporting V-type ATPase complex
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000179505
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
part_of vacuolar proton-transporting V-type ATPase, V0 domain
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR026028
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:P32563
(Dow, 1999)
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
-
Protein Signatures (InterPro)
Catalytic Activity (EC/Rhea)
proton-transporting ATPase activity, rotational mechanism
RHEA 57721:
Summaries
Gene Group (FlyBase)
VACUOLAR ATPASE V0 DOMAIN SUBUNITS -
The V0 domain of V-ATPases is the integral membrane domain responsible for the translocation of protons across the membrane. It is assembled from four to five different subunits (a, c, c'', d and e in D.mel) that are expressed as multiple isoforms in a tissue-specific manner. (Adapted from PMID:20450191 and FBrf0188241).
Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
2
Number of Unique Polypeptides
1

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\Vha100-2 for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Structure
Protein 3D structure   (Predicted by AlphaFold)   (AlphaFold entry Q9VE75)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.
Model Confidence:
  • Very high (pLDDT > 90)
  • Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
  • Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
  • Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures
Crossreferences
Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.46

Annotated transcripts do not represent all supported alternative splices within 5' UTR.

Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.

Gene model reviewed during 5.55

Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
Vha100-2-RA
FBtr0083657
NM_169810
3044
834
Vha100-2-RB
FBtr0083656
NM_142465
3006
834
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
UniProt
RefSeq ID
GenBank
Vha100-2-PA
FBpp0083072
94.8
834
6.67
Q9VE75
NP_732337
AAF55552
Vha100-2-PB
FBpp0083071
94.8
834
6.67
Q9VE75
NP_650722
AAF55551
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

The group(s) of polypeptides indicated below share identical sequence to each other.

834 aa isoforms: Vha100-2-PA, Vha100-2-PB
Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\Vha100-2 using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
Linkouts
Expression Data
Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

-0.72

Transcript Expression
in situ
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage 1 -- 3
organism | intense | ubiquitous

Comment: maternally deposited

(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 4 -- 6
organism | ubiquitous
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 9 -- 10
anterior endoderm
(Fisher et al., 2012)
posterior endoderm
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 11 -- 12
anal pad primordium

Comment: reported as anal pad specific anlage

(Fisher et al., 2012)
anterior midgut primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
hindgut proper primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
posterior midgut primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 13 -- 16
embryonic anal pad
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic hindgut
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic/larval midgut
(Fisher et al., 2012)
adult stage
adult copper cell
(Allan et al., 2005)
adult hindgut
(Allan et al., 2005)
adult posterior hindgut
(Allan et al., 2005)
adult Malpighian tubule
(Allan et al., 2005)
microinjection
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
larval stage
embryonic/larval midgut

Comment: enriched in acidic region

(Overend et al., 2016)
gastric caecum
(Overend et al., 2016)
Additional Descriptive Data

RNA-seq data show that Vha100-2 is expressed in the gastric caecum and throughout the larval midgut but is enriched in the acidic region of the midgut.

(Overend et al., 2016)
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
mass spectroscopy
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
adult stage
adult head
(Aradska et al., 2015)
day 7 of adulthood -- day 49 of adulthood
adult heart
(Cammarato et al., 2011)
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
part_of plasma membrane proton-transporting V-type ATPase complex
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Allan et al., 2005)
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\Vha100-2 in JBrowse
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Bulk Downloads
RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
Images
FlyBase Wiki
Image Based Resources
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 16 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 8 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of Vha100-2
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of Vha100-2
Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 0 )
Inferred from experimentation ( 0 )
Inferred from location ( 6 )
Variants
Variant Molecular Consequences
Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
Phenotypes
Orthologs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Homo sapiens (Human) (4)
Hsap\ATP6V0A1
10 of 14
Yes
No
Hsap\ATP6V0A4
9 of 14
No
No
1  
Hsap\ATP6V0A2
8 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\TCIRG1
8 of 14
No
Yes
2  
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (4)
Rnor\Atp6v0a1
10 of 14
Yes
No
Rnor\Atp6v0a4
9 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Tcirg1
8 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Atp6v0a2
1 of 14
No
Yes
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (4)
Mmus\Atp6v0a1
10 of 14
Yes
No
Mmus\Atp6v0a4
9 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Tcirg1
8 of 14
No
Yes
Mmus\Atp6v0a2
7 of 14
No
Yes
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (6)
Xtro\atp6v0a1
7 of 13
Yes
No
Xtro\tcirg1
6 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\atp6v0a4
5 of 13
No
No
Xtro\atp6v0a2
4 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\csnk1d
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\mosmo
1 of 13
No
No
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (7)
Drer\atp6v0a1a
10 of 14
Yes
No
Drer\atp6v0a1b
10 of 14
Yes
No
Drer\atp6v0a2a
8 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\atp6v0a2b
8 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\tcirg1a
8 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\si:ch73-173p19.2
7 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\tcirg1b
7 of 14
No
Yes
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (4)
Cele\unc-32
9 of 14
Yes
No
Cele\vha-5
8 of 14
No
Yes
Cele\vha-6
8 of 14
No
No
Cele\vha-7
7 of 14
No
Yes
Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (4)
Agam\AgaP_AGAP001587
12 of 12
Yes
Yes
Agam\AgaP_AGAP001588
7 of 12
No
Yes
Agam\AgaP_AGAP003711
5 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP012818
3 of 12
No
No
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (3)
Atha\VHA-A2
13 of 13
Yes
Yes
Atha\VHA-A3
13 of 13
Yes
Yes
Atha\VHA-A1
12 of 13
No
No
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (2)
Scer\STV1
12 of 13
Yes
Yes
Scer\VPH1
12 of 13
Yes
No
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (1)
Spom\vph1
11 of 12
Yes
No
Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)
Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)
Data provided directly from OrthoDB:Vha100-2. Refer to their site for version information.
Paralogs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Gene Symbol
Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (4)
Vha100-1
11 of 13
Vha100-4
11 of 13
Vha100-5
11 of 13
Vha100-3
7 of 13
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
Allele
Disease
Evidence
References
Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 4 )
Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
Allele
Disease
Interaction
References
Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)
Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
Homo sapiens (Human)
Gene name
Score
OMIM
OMIM Phenotype
DO term
Complementation?
Transgene?
ATP6V0A1; ATPase H+ transporting V0 subunit a1
10 of 14
192130
ATP6V0A4; ATPase H+ transporting V0 subunit a4
9 of 14
ATPase, H+ TRANSPORTING, LYSOSOMAL, V0 SUBUNIT A, ISOFORM 4; ATP6V0A4
 
ATP6V0A2; ATPase H+ transporting V0 subunit a2
8 of 14
611716
TCIRG1; T cell immune regulator 1, ATPase H+ transporting V0 subunit a3
8 of 14
604592
 
Functional Complementation Data
Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
Interactions
Summary of Physical Interactions
Summary of Genetic Interactions
Interaction Browsers
Starting gene(s)
Interaction type
Interacting gene(s)
Reference
Starting gene(s)
Interaction type
Interacting gene(s)
Reference
External Data
Linkouts
BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
Pathways
Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
Metabolic Pathways
FlyBase
External Links
KEGG Metabolic Pathways - A collection of manually drawn metabolic pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
External Data
Linkouts
KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.
Class of Gene
Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
Chromosome (arm)
3R
Recombination map
3-63
Cytogenetic map
91A5-91A5
Sequence location
FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map
Evidence for location
91A5-91A5
Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{EP}Dlc90FEP3634 and P{PZ}sprd05284
Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map
Notes
References
Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
Location

3-63

(FlyBase, 2016)

3-62.5

(Comeron et al., 2012)
Left of (cM)
Right of (cM)
Notes
Stocks and Reagents
Stocks (15)
Genomic Clones (17)
 

Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

cDNA Clones (75)
 

Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

cDNA clones, fully sequenced
BDGP DGC clones
Other clones
Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
BDGP DGC clones
Other clones
RNAi and Array Information
Linkouts
DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
Antibody Information
Laboratory Generated Antibodies
 
Commercially Available Antibodies
 
Cell Line Information
Publicly Available Cell Lines
 
    Other Stable Cell Lines
     
      Other Comments

      Area matching Drosophila EST AA202297. This EST has sequence similarity to vacuolar ATPase genes.

      (Davies, 2001.3.15)
      Relationship to Other Genes
      Source for database merge of

      Source for merge of: BcDNA:LD21735 CG18617 CG7679

      (Bayraktaroglu, 2000.4.17)

      Source for merge of: Vha100-2 BcDNA:LD21735

      (Bayraktaroglu, 2000.11.2)

      Source for merge of: Vha100-2 anon-WO0118547.296

      (FlyBase, 1996-)
      Additional comments

      "Vha100-2" may correspond to "Scim33". Sequence analysis off ends of P{SUPor-P} in Scim insertion mutant places "Scim33" near/in "Vha100-2" or "CG7682".

      (Dobie and Karpen, 2001.4.18)

      Source for merge of Vha100-2 anon-WO0118547.296 was sequence comparison ( date:051113 ).

      (FlyBase, 1996-)

      "sprd" may correspond to "CG44009" or "Vha100-2" or both; the P{PZ}sprd05284 insertion maps within "CG44009" and "Vha100-2".

      (FlyBase, 1996-)
      Nomenclature History
      Source for database identify of

      Source for identity of: BcDNA:LD21735 CG7679

      (Li, 1999.11)
      Nomenclature comments
      Etymology
      Synonyms and Secondary IDs (10)
      Datasets (0)
      Study focus (0)
      Experimental Role
      Project
      Project Type
      Title
      Study result (0)
      Result
      Result Type
      Title
      External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 58 )
      Sequence Crossreferences
      NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
      GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
      GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
      RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
      UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.
      UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
      Other crossreferences
      AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.
      BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
      DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
      EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
      FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
      FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics
      InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
      KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
      MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)
      Linkouts
      BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
      Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
      DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
      DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
      Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
      FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
      FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
      Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
      Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
      FlyMet - A comprehensive tissue-specific metabolomics resource for Drosophila.
      iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)
      KEGG Metabolic Pathways - A collection of manually drawn metabolic pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
      KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
      MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
      Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.
      References (85)