FB2026_01 , released March 12, 2026
FB2026_01 , released March 12, 2026
Gene: Dmel\Nadk1a
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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\Nadk1a
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
NAD kinase 1a
Annotation Symbol
CG6145
Feature Type
protein_coding_gene
FlyBase ID
FBgn0033853
Gene Model Status
Current
Stock Availability
15 publicly available
Enzyme Name (EC)
NAD(+) kinase (2.7.1.23)
Gene Summary
NAD kinase 1a (Nadk1a) encodes an enzyme that phosphorylates NAD(+) to form NADP(+). [Date last reviewed: 2025-01-23] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)
All Summaries
Also Known As

NAD kinase, NADK

Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
50B1-50B1
Sequence location
Recombination map
2-68
RefSeq locus
NT_033778 REGION:13537371..13547577
Sequence
Get Decorated FASTA
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
NCBI
UCSC
Ensembl
PopFly
Function
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (6 terms)
Molecular Function (1 term)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables NAD+ kinase activity
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Xu et al., 2021)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables NAD+ kinase activity
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR002504, InterPro:IPR017437
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with SGD:S000003810
(Gene Ontology Curators, 2002-)
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000463643
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
Biological Process (2 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in NADP+ biosynthetic process
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Xu et al., 2021)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in NAD+ metabolic process
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR017437
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
involved_in NADP+ biosynthetic process
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with SGD:S000003810
(Gene Ontology Curators, 2002-)
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000463643
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR002504
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
Cellular Component (3 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (3 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in cytoplasm
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with SGD:S000003810
(Gene Ontology Curators, 2002-)
is_active_in cytosol
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN001072894
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:P58058
(Gene Ontology Curators, 2002-)
located_in nucleus
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with SGD:S000003810
(Gene Ontology Curators, 2002-)
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Pathway (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
-
Protein Signatures (InterPro)
Catalytic Activity (EC/Rhea)
NAD+ kinase activity
NAD(+) + ATP = ADP + NADP(+) + H(+) (2.7.1.23)
RHEA 18629:
Summaries
Gene Snapshot
NAD kinase 1a (Nadk1a) encodes an enzyme that phosphorylates NAD(+) to form NADP(+). [Date last reviewed: 2025-01-23]
Gene Group (FlyBase)
NAD+ KINASES -
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) kinases (NADKs) phosphorylate NAD+, thereby producing nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP). As such, NADKs play a crucial role in anabolic process and redox homeostasis through production of NADP(H). (Adapted from PMID:36512915.)
Pathway (FlyBase)
NAD(+) BIOSYNTHESIS VIA THE SALVAGE PATHWAY -
In the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD(+)) salvage pathway, NAD(+) is synthesized from the vitamin B3 derivatives nicotinate (NA) and nicotinamide (NAM), and from β-nicotinamide D-riboside (NR) or nicotinate riboside (NAR). These compounds can be acquired either from the diet or as a by-product of NAD(+)-consuming enzymes. NAD(+) synthesis occurs predominantly in the cytosol. NAD(+) is then transported to other organelles including the nucleus and the mitochondrion. NAD(+) can also be phosphorylated to form NADP(+). NAD(+) and NADP(+) form NAD(+)/NADH and NADP(+)/NADPH redox couples that are essential for maintaining cellular redox homeostasis and metabolic processes. The NAD(+)/NADH redox couple is involved in catabolic processes such as glycolysis and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, while the NADP(+)/NADPH redox couple is required for anabolic processes such as fatty acid biosynthesis and oxidative-stress defence. NAD(+) is also an essential co-substrate for NAD(+)-consuming enzymes, including NAD(+) glycohydrolases (e.g. Sarm), protein deacetylase sirtuins, and ADP-ribose polymerases (PARPs). (Adapted from PMID:33353981 and PMID:22404877.)
Summary (Interactive Fly)

sustains lipogenesis by maintaining the pool of NADPH - NADPH production rescues the lipid storage defect in the fat body of NADK RNAi animals -NADK and fatty acid synthase 1 regulate mitochondrial mass and function by altering the levels of acetyl-CoA and fatty acids.

Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
5
Number of Unique Polypeptides
5

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\Nadk1a for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Structure
Protein 3D structure   (Predicted by AlphaFold)   (AlphaFold entry Q6IDH2)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.
Model Confidence:
  • Very high (pLDDT > 90)
  • Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
  • Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
  • Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures
Crossreferences
Comments on Gene Model

Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.

Gene model reviewed during 5.50

Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
Nadk1a-RA
FBtr0087685
NM_137040
2213
520
Nadk1a-RB
FBtr0087687
NM_166004
1826
420
Nadk1a-RC
FBtr0087686
NM_166003
2260
548
Nadk1a-RE
FBtr0300192
NM_001169674
1843
483
Nadk1a-RF
FBtr0300193
NM_001169675
1989
484
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
UniProt
RefSeq ID
GenBank
Nadk1a-PA
FBpp0086805
57.5
520
6.57
A1Z9F0
NP_610884
AAF58358
Nadk1a-PB
FBpp0086807
46.8
420
6.19
Q8SZX5
NP_725315
AAM68590
Nadk1a-PC
FBpp0086806
61.3
548
6.95
Q6IDH2
NP_725314
AAM68589
Nadk1a-PE
FBpp0289429
53.8
483
7.09
E1JH60
NP_001163145
ACZ94417
Nadk1a-PF
FBpp0289430
54.1
484
7.33
E1JH61
NP_001163146
ACZ94418
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

None of the polypeptides share 100% sequence identity.

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\Nadk1a using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
Linkouts
Expression Data
Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

-1.24

Transcript Expression
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
Expression Deduced from Reporters
Reporter: Mi{Trojan-GAL4.2}Nadk1aMI03574-TG4.2
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
adult stage
adult brain | restricted
(Lee et al., 2018)
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\Nadk1a in JBrowse
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Bulk Downloads
RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
Images
FlyBase Wiki
Image Based Resources
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 18 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 8 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of Nadk1a
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of Nadk1a
Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 0 )
Inferred from experimentation ( 0 )
Inferred from location ( 4 )
Variants
Variant Molecular Consequences
Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
Phenotypes
Orthologs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Homo sapiens (Human) (2)
Hsap\NADK
14 of 14
Yes
Yes
Hsap\NADK2
1 of 14
No
No
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (2)
Rnor\Nadk
14 of 14
Yes
Yes
Rnor\Nadk2
1 of 14
No
No
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (1)
Mmus\Nadk
13 of 14
Yes
Yes
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (2)
Xtro\nadk
8 of 13
Yes
Yes
Xtro\XB5949753
1 of 13
No
Yes
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (2)
Drer\nadkb
13 of 14
Yes
Yes
Drer\nadka
6 of 14
No
Yes
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (2)
Cele\nadk-1
1 of 14
Yes
No
Cele\nadk-2
1 of 14
Yes
No
Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (2)
Agam\AgaP_AGAP011122
10 of 12
Yes
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP006767
1 of 12
No
No
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (3)
Atha\NADK1
10 of 13
Yes
Yes
Atha\NADK2
8 of 13
No
Yes
Atha\NADK3
2 of 13
No
No
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (3)
Scer\UTR1
11 of 13
Yes
Yes
Scer\YEF1
11 of 13
Yes
Yes
Scer\POS5
5 of 13
No
Yes
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (4)
Spom\SPAC3H5.11
10 of 12
Yes
Yes
Spom\SPCC24B10.02c
7 of 12
No
Yes
Spom\SPAC1B1.02c
6 of 12
No
Yes
Spom\pos5
5 of 12
No
Yes
Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (1)
Ecol\nadK
9 of 11
Yes
Yes
Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)
Data provided directly from OrthoDB:Nadk1a. Refer to their site for version information.
Paralogs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Gene Symbol
Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (2)
Nadk1b
13 of 13
Nadk2
1 of 13
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
    Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
    Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 0 )
    Human Ortholog
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Interaction
    References
    Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)
    Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
    Homo sapiens (Human)
    Gene name
    Score
    OMIM
    OMIM Phenotype
    DO term
    Complementation?
    Transgene?
    NADK; NAD kinase
    14 of 14
    611616
        Functional Complementation Data
        Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
        Interactions
        Summary of Physical Interactions
        Summary of Genetic Interactions
        Interaction Browsers
        View in FlyBase Interactions Browser   View in MIST tool (external link)
        Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions
        Starting gene(s)
        Interaction type
        Interacting gene(s)
        Reference
        Nadk1a
        suppressible
        bmm
        (Xu et al., 2021)
        Nadk1a
        suppressible
        Cds
        (Xu et al., 2021)
        Nadk1a
        suppressible
        CLS
        (Xu et al., 2021)
        Nadk1a
        suppressible
        G6pd
        (Xu et al., 2021)
        Nadk1a
        suppressible
        Hsl
        (Xu et al., 2021)
        Nadk1a
        suppressible
        Lpin
        (Xu et al., 2021)
        Nadk1a
        suppressible
        Mpc1
        (Xu et al., 2021)
        Nadk1a
        suppressible
        Nadk1b
        (Xu et al., 2021)
        Nadk1a
        suppressible
        Pdha1
        (Xu et al., 2021)
        Nadk1a
        suppressible
        Pdhb
        (Xu et al., 2021)
        Nadk1a
        suppressible
        Pyk
        (Xu et al., 2021)
        Nadk1a
        suppressible
        Sirt1
        (Xu et al., 2021)
        Nadk1a
        suppressible
        srl
        (Xu et al., 2021)
        Starting gene(s)
        Interaction type
        Interacting gene(s)
        Reference
        Duox
        suppressible
        Nadk1a
        (Hurd et al., 2015)
        External Data
        Linkouts
        BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
        DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
        MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
        Pathways
        Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
        Metabolic Pathways
        FlyBase
        NAD(+) BIOSYNTHESIS VIA THE SALVAGE PATHWAY
        External Links
        FlyCyc Pathways - Pathways from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
        KEGG Metabolic Pathways - A collection of manually drawn metabolic pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
        Reactome Metabolic Pathways - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed metabolic pathway database.
        External Data
        Linkouts
        KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
        Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.
        Class of Gene
        Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
        Chromosome (arm)
        2R
        Recombination map
        2-68
        Cytogenetic map
        50B1-50B1
        Sequence location
        FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
        Cytogenetic map
        Evidence for location
        50B1-50B1
        Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{lacW}drkk13809&P{EP}mip120EP606 and P{lacW}l(2)03105k16702&P{lacW}fl(2)dk16105
        Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
        Cytogenetic map
        Notes
        References
        Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
        Location

        2-68

        (FlyBase, 2016)

        2-72.5

        (Comeron et al., 2012)
        Left of (cM)
        Right of (cM)
        Notes
        Stocks and Reagents
        Stocks (15)
        Genomic Clones (19)
        cDNA Clones (55)
         

        Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

        cDNA clones, fully sequenced
        BDGP DGC clones
        Other clones
        Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

        For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

        cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
        BDGP DGC clones
        Other clones
        RNAi and Array Information
        Linkouts
        DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
        Antibody Information
        Laboratory Generated Antibodies
         
        Commercially Available Antibodies
         
        Cell Line Information
        Publicly Available Cell Lines
         
          Other Stable Cell Lines
           
            Other Comments

            There are two homologs of human cytosolic NADK, CG6145 and CG33156, which are adjacent in the genome suggesting they were generated by gene duplication. CG6145 (now 'Nadk1a') is broadly expressed in many tissues, while CG33156 (now 'Nadk1b') is specifically and highly expressed in the ovary.

            (Xu et al., 2021)

            Shows particularly robust cycling of transcription in adult heads, as assessed by expression analysis using high density oligonucleotide arrays with probe generated during three 12-point time course experiments over the course of 6 days.

            (Claridge-Chang et al., 2001)
            Relationship to Other Genes
            Source for database merge of
            Additional comments
            Nomenclature History
            Source for database identify of

            Source for identity of: Nadk1a CG6145

            (Xu et al., 2021)
            Nomenclature comments
            Etymology

            FlyBase curator comment: Named in FBrf0252285 as 'NADK', but named in FlyBase as 'Nadk1a' to distinguish it from the paralogous gene 'Nadk1b' and the distinct 'Nadk2' gene.

            (Xu et al., 2021)
            Synonyms and Secondary IDs (6)
            Datasets (0)
            Study focus (0)
            Experimental Role
            Project
            Project Type
            Title
            Study result (0)
            Result
            Result Type
            Title
            External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 74 )
            Sequence Crossreferences
            NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
            GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
            GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
            RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
            UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.
            UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
            Other crossreferences
            AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.
            DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
            EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
            FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
            FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics
            InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
            KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
            MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)
            Linkouts
            BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
            Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
            DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
            DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
            Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
            FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
            FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
            FlyCyc Pathways - Pathways from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
            Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
            Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
            FlyMet - A comprehensive tissue-specific metabolomics resource for Drosophila.
            Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution
            KEGG Metabolic Pathways - A collection of manually drawn metabolic pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
            KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
            MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
            Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.
            Reactome Metabolic Pathways - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed metabolic pathway database.
            References (40)