FlyBase Allele Report: Dmel\btl[H82Δ3]

Ecol\lacZ section of progenitor P{lwB}H82 remains, but 500bp of btl flanking DNA has been deleted. Deleted region includes three high affinity slbo binding sites.

(Murphy et al., 1995)

Partial excision of P{lwB}H82, breaking in the w coding region. The deletion removes genomic DNA 3' of the site of insertion towards, but not including, the start site of btl transcription.

(Klambt et al., 1992)

Mutations Mapped to the Genome

Curation Data

Type

Location

Additional Notes

References

Variant Molecular Consequences

Associated Sequence Data

DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank

DNA sequence

Protein sequence

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Expression Data

Reporter Expression

Additional Information

Statement

Reference

Marker for

Reflects expression of

Reporter construct used in assay

Human Disease Associations

Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Disease

Evidence

References

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Disease

Interaction

References

Comments on Models/Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Disease-implicated variant(s)

Phenotypic Data

Phenotypic Class

lethal | recessive

(Hsouna et al., 2010, Klambt et al., 1992)

Phenotype Manifest In

dorsal air sac primordium

(Chanut-Delalande et al., 2007)

dorsal air sac primordium | somatic clone

(Cabernard and Affolter, 2005)

dorsal tracheal branch primordium

(Dammai et al., 2003)

embryonic/larval tracheal dorsal trunk

(Hsouna et al., 2010)

embryonic tracheal system & filopodium

(Ribeiro et al., 2002)

larval tracheal system

(Hsouna et al., 2007, Michelson et al., 1998, Lee et al., 1996, Klambt et al., 1992)

larval tracheal system (with btl^LG19)

(Reichman-Fried et al., 1994)

presumptive embryonic/larval tracheal system

(Dammai et al., 2003, Dossenbach et al., 2001)

tracheal tip cell & filopodium

(Ribeiro et al., 2002)

Detailed Description

Statement

Reference

Mutant embryos have gaps in the dorsal trunk without ectopic branching. The tracheal cells of heterozygotes show moderate lack-of-migration defects in 68% of embryos, and show severe ectopic lack-of-migration defects in 14% of embryos.

(Hsouna et al., 2010)

Homozygous clones remain in the proximal region of the dorsal air sac primordium and never colonise the distal region.

(Chanut-Delalande et al., 2007)

Homozygous embryos show little branch migration in the tracheal system.

84% of heterozygous embryos show a tracheal lack of migration phenotype.

(Hsouna et al., 2007)

btl^H82Δ3 homozygous clones in the dorsal air sac primordium grow and divide normally but never contribute to the tip of the primordium.

(Cabernard and Affolter, 2005)

In stage 14 homozygous btl^H82Δ3 embryos there is very little tracheal tubule migration as compared to wild-type. The dorsal trunks of the tracheal system of stage 16 btl^H82Δ3 heterozygous embryos lack many dorsal branches.

(Dammai et al., 2003)

The failure of tracheal cells to migrate in btl^H82Δ3 mutant embryos is accompanied by a failure of these cells to form filopodia.

(Ribeiro et al., 2002)

Homozygous embryos show no tracheal cell migration (although tracheal cells are specified and invaginate properly), resulting in the lack of all tracheal branches.

(Dossenbach et al., 2001)

Homozygous embryos show some inhibition of tracheal branching.

(Michelson et al., 1998)

In homozygous stage 15 embryos the tracheal cells fail to migrate, remaining in a tracheal sac-like formation. Expression of btl^{hs.T:λ\cI-DD} in heterozygous btl^H82Δ3 embryos causes dorsal trunk defects, 4 or more interruptions.

(Lee et al., 1996)

Clones in which all border cells are btl^- show no defects in border cell migration, though mild delays or low frequency defects would not have been detected.

(Murphy et al., 1995)

btl^LG19/btl^H82Δ3 heterozygotes exhibit the tracheal phenotype.

(Reichman-Fried et al., 1994)

Tracheal pits form, but tracheal cells undergo only limited migration.

(Klambt et al., 1992)

External Data

Linkouts

Interactions

Show genetic interaction network for Enhancers & Suppressors

Phenotypic Class

Phenotype Manifest In

Enhanced by

Statement

Reference

btl^H82Δ3 has larval tracheal system phenotype, enhanceable by stumps[+]/stumps^YY202

(Michelson et al., 1998)

Suppressed by

Statement

Reference

btl^H82Δ3 has larval tracheal system phenotype, suppressible by Pu[+]/Pu^rAA17

(Hsouna et al., 2007)

btl^H82Δ3 has larval tracheal system phenotype, suppressible by Pu[+]/Pu^Z22

(Hsouna et al., 2007)

btl^H82Δ3 has presumptive embryonic/larval tracheal system phenotype, suppressible by awd^j2A4/awd[+]

(Dammai et al., 2003)

btl^H82Δ3 has presumptive embryonic/larval tracheal system phenotype, suppressible by btl::Egfr^UAS.cDa/Scer\GAL4^btl.PS

(Dossenbach et al., 2001)

btl^H82Δ3 has presumptive embryonic/larval tracheal system phenotype, suppressible by btl::tor^UAS.cDa/Scer\GAL4^btl.PS

(Dossenbach et al., 2001)

btl^H82Δ3 has presumptive embryonic/larval tracheal system phenotype, suppressible by btl::htl^BH.UAS/Scer\GAL4^btl.PS

(Dossenbach et al., 2001)

btl^H82Δ3, stumps^09904b has dorsal tracheal branch primordium phenotype, suppressible by btl::tor^UAS.cDa/Scer\GAL4^btl.PS

(Dossenbach et al., 2001)

btl^H82Δ3, stumps^09904b has tracheal lateral trunk primordium phenotype, suppressible by btl::tor^UAS.cDa/Scer\GAL4^btl.PS

(Dossenbach et al., 2001)

btl^H82Δ3, stumps^09904b has ganglionic tracheal branch primordium phenotype, suppressible by btl::tor^UAS.cDa/Scer\GAL4^btl.PS

(Dossenbach et al., 2001)

btl^H82Δ3, stumps^09904b has tracheal dorsal trunk primordium phenotype, suppressible | partially by btl::Egfr^UAS.cDa/Scer\GAL4^btl.PS

(Dossenbach et al., 2001)

btl^H82Δ3, stumps^09904b has dorsal tracheal branch primordium phenotype, suppressible | partially by btl::Egfr^UAS.cDa/Scer\GAL4^btl.PS

(Dossenbach et al., 2001)

btl^H82Δ3, stumps^09904b has ganglionic tracheal branch primordium phenotype, suppressible | partially by btl::Egfr^UAS.cDa/Scer\GAL4^btl.PS

(Dossenbach et al., 2001)

btl^H82Δ3, stumps^09904b has tracheal lateral trunk primordium phenotype, suppressible | partially by btl::Egfr^UAS.cDa/Scer\GAL4^btl.PS

(Dossenbach et al., 2001)

NOT suppressed by

Statement

Reference

btl^H82Δ3, stumps^09904b has presumptive embryonic/larval tracheal system phenotype, non-suppressible by btl^UAS.cDa/Scer\GAL4^btl.PS

(Dossenbach et al., 2001)

btl^H82Δ3, stumps^09904b has presumptive embryonic/larval tracheal system phenotype, non-suppressible by btl::htl^BH.UAS/Scer\GAL4^btl.PS

(Dossenbach et al., 2001)

Enhancer of

Statement

Reference

btl^H82Δ3/btl[+] is an enhancer of larval tracheal system phenotype of Catsup²⁶

(Hsouna et al., 2007)

btl^H82Δ3/btl[+] is an enhancer of border follicle cell phenotype of slbo^e7b/slbo^e14a

(Murphy et al., 1995)

Suppressor of

Statement

Reference

btl^H82Δ3/btl[+] is a suppressor | partially of larval tracheal system phenotype of Pu^Z22

(Hsouna et al., 2007)

btl^H82Δ3/btl[+] is a suppressor | partially of larval tracheal system phenotype of Pu^rAA17

(Hsouna et al., 2007)

btl^H82Δ3/btl[+] is a suppressor of presumptive embryonic/larval tracheal system phenotype of awd^j2A4

(Dammai et al., 2003)

Other

Statement

Reference

btl^H82Δ3, tgo¹, trh¹ has tracheal section phenotype

(Sedaghat et al., 2002)

btl^H82Δ3, jing⁰¹⁰⁹⁴ has tracheal section phenotype

(Sedaghat et al., 2002)

btl^H82Δ3/btl[+], jing⁰¹⁰⁹⁴ has tracheal section phenotype

(Sedaghat et al., 2002)

Scer\GAL4^btl.PS, btl::Egfr^UAS.cDa, btl^H82Δ3, stumps^09904b has tracheal lateral trunk primordium phenotype

(Dossenbach et al., 2001)

Scer\GAL4^btl.PS, btl::Egfr^UAS.cDa, btl^H82Δ3, stumps^09904b has tracheal dorsal trunk primordium phenotype

(Dossenbach et al., 2001)

Scer\GAL4^btl.PS, btl::tor^UAS.cDa, btl^H82Δ3, stumps^09904b has ganglionic tracheal branch primordium phenotype

(Dossenbach et al., 2001)

Scer\GAL4^btl.PS, btl::tor^UAS.cDa, btl^H82Δ3, stumps^09904b has dorsal tracheal branch primordium phenotype

(Dossenbach et al., 2001)

Scer\GAL4^btl.PS, btl::tor^UAS.cDa, btl^H82Δ3, stumps^09904b has tracheal lateral trunk primordium phenotype

(Dossenbach et al., 2001)

btl^H82Δ3, stumps^09904b has ganglionic tracheal branch primordium phenotype

(Dossenbach et al., 2001)

btl^H82Δ3, stumps^09904b has presumptive embryonic/larval tracheal system phenotype

(Dossenbach et al., 2001)

Scer\GAL4^btl.PS, btl::Egfr^UAS.cDa, btl^H82Δ3 has ganglionic tracheal branch primordium phenotype

(Dossenbach et al., 2001)

btl^H82Δ3, stumps^09904b has dorsal tracheal branch primordium phenotype

(Dossenbach et al., 2001)

btl^H82Δ3, stumps^09904b has tracheal lateral trunk primordium phenotype

(Dossenbach et al., 2001)

Scer\GAL4^btl.PS, btl::Egfr^UAS.cDa, btl^H82Δ3 has dorsal tracheal branch primordium phenotype

(Dossenbach et al., 2001)

Scer\GAL4^btl.PS, btl::Egfr^UAS.cDa, btl^H82Δ3 has visceral tracheal branch primordium phenotype

(Dossenbach et al., 2001)

Scer\GAL4^btl.PS, btl::Egfr^UAS.cDa, btl^H82Δ3 has tracheal lateral trunk primordium phenotype

(Dossenbach et al., 2001)

Scer\GAL4^btl.PS, btl::tor^UAS.cDa, btl^H82Δ3 has dorsal tracheal branch primordium phenotype

(Dossenbach et al., 2001)

Scer\GAL4^btl.PS, btl::tor^UAS.cDa, btl^H82Δ3 has tracheal lateral trunk primordium phenotype

(Dossenbach et al., 2001)

Scer\GAL4^btl.PS, btl::Egfr^UAS.cDa, btl^H82Δ3, stumps^09904b has ganglionic tracheal branch primordium phenotype

(Dossenbach et al., 2001)

Scer\GAL4^btl.PS, btl::Egfr^UAS.cDa, btl^H82Δ3, stumps^09904b has dorsal tracheal branch primordium phenotype

(Dossenbach et al., 2001)

Additional Comments

Genetic Interactions

Statement

Reference

The penetrance of the tracheal lumen defect seen in Vhl¹/+ embryos is not modified by btl^H82Δ3/+.

(Hsouna et al., 2010)

The severity and penetrance of the Catsup²⁶/+ tracheal lack of migration phenotype is enhanced by btl^H82Δ3/+.

The opposing tracheal phenotypes of Pu^rAA17/+ and btl^H82Δ3/+ single heterozygous embryos (ectopic migration and lack of migration respectively) are both partially suppressed in Pu^rAA17/+ btl^H82Δ3/+ double heterozygous embryos.

The opposing tracheal phenotypes of Pu^Z22/+ and btl^H82Δ3/+ single heterozygous embryos (ectopic migration and lack of migration respectively) are both partially suppressed in Pu^Z22/+ btl^H82Δ3/+ double heterozygous embryos.

(Hsouna et al., 2007)

68.8% of btl^H82Δ3/+; awd^j2A4/+ transheterozygous embryos have normal tracheal systems, compared to 53.4% in btl^H82Δ3/+ embryos. 13.5% of these transheterozygotes have tracheal phenotypes resembling those seen in 46.6% of btl^H82Δ3/+ embryos, with the remainder having tracheal phenotypes resembling those due to awd^j2A4/+.

(Dammai et al., 2003)

jing⁰¹⁰⁹⁴, btl^H82Δ3 double heterozygotes show an almost complete loss of trachea. When btl^H82Δ3 is also added to trh¹, tgo¹ double heterozygous 69% of embryos display a loss of about half of their trachea.

(Sedaghat et al., 2002)

Expression of btl::htl^BH.Scer\UAS under the control of Scer\GAL4^btl.PS at both 18^oC and 25^oC in btl^H82Δ3 embryos results in a complete rescue of tracheal cell migration and correct fusion of the relevant tracheal branches. Terminal tracheal cells are determined at the appropriate positions and in correct numbers. Expression of btl::tor^Scer\UAS.cDa under the control of Scer\GAL4^btl.PS at both 18^oC and 25^oC in btl^H82Δ3 embryos results in substantial rescue of tracheal defects. Most tracheal branches develop properly and fusion between adjacent metameres occurs in most segments. Occasionally, dorsal branches are missing and the lateral trunk fails to fuse in between some tracheal metameres. The general pattern of the tracheal system is restored, although the tracheal tree has a "felted" phenotype, with fine branches extending from many positions. Ectopic formation of terminal tracheal cells is seen. Expression of btl::Egfr^Scer\UAS.cDa under the control of Scer\GAL4^btl.PS at both 18^oC and 25^oC in btl^H82Δ3 embryos can rescue all primary branches of the tracheal system, although at reduced frequencies. Many embryos have dorsal and ganglionic branch defects in half or more of the segments. The lateral trunk fuses only sporadically, although the dorsal trunk shows complete fusion in most embryos. The visceral branch is misguided in some embryos. The number of terminal tracheal cells is significantly reduced compared to wild type. Tracheal cells fail to migrate in btl^H82Δ3 stumps^09904b double mutant embryos. Expression of btl^Scer\UAS.cDa or btl::htl^BH.Scer\UAS under the control of Scer\GAL4^btl.PS does not rescue any aspect of tracheal development in btl^H82Δ3 stumps^09904b double mutant embryos. Expression of btl::tor^Scer\UAS.cDa under the control of Scer\GAL4^btl.PS significantly rescues tracheal development in btl^H82Δ3 stumps^09904b double mutant embryos. Ganglionic branches are rescued almost completely, dorsal branches develop in more than 50% of segments and dorsal trunk fusion occurs efficiently. The lateral trunk does not fuse in these embryos and ectopic terminal cell formation is seen. Expression of btl::Egfr^Scer\UAS.cDa under the control of Scer\GAL4^btl.PS significantly rescues tracheal development in btl^H82Δ3 stumps^09904b double mutant embryos. The dorsal trunk is disrupted in some embryos, some dorsal branches are missing or misguided and the lateral trunk fails to fuse. Some of the ganglionic branches fail to form and do not migrate in the proper direction.

(Dossenbach et al., 2001)

btl^H82Δ3 dominantly enhances the homozygous stumps^YY202 tracheal phenotype. stumps^YY202 dominantly enhances the homozygous btl^H82Δ3 tracheal phenotype.

(Michelson et al., 1998)

Dominantly enhances the border cell migration defect of slbo^e7b/slbo^e14a.

(Murphy et al., 1995)

Multiple heat shocks of the constitutively active btl::tor^{t4021b.hs.sev} protein can partially rescue tracheal migration in homozygous embryos, a single early heat shock allows reduced correction of the mutant phenotype. Partial rescue can also be achieved by the constitutively active proteins tor^13D.hs.sev, Ras85D^Q13.hs, phl::tor^13D.hs.sev, sev::tor^13D.hs.sev, Egfr::tor^{t4021E.hs.sev} and htl::tor^{t4021F.hs.sev}.

(Reichman-Fried et al., 1994)

Xenogenetic Interactions

Statement

Reference

Complementation and Rescue Data

Rescued by

btl^H82Δ3 is rescued by btl^UAS.cDa/Scer\GAL4^btl.PS

(Dossenbach et al., 2001)

btl^H82Δ3 is rescued by btl^hs.PM

(Lee et al., 1996)

btl^H82Δ3 is rescued by btl^hs.PM

(Murphy et al., 1995)

Comments

Tracheal cell migration defects can be rescued by btl^hs.PM restoring the primary branching pattern. Tracheal cell migration defects of stage 15 embryos cannot be rescued by heat induced expression of btl^KR.hs or btl^{hs.T:λ\cI-DD}. Coexpression of btl^hs.PM and btl^{hs.T:λ\cI-DD} allows less complete rescue than that provided by btl^hs.PM alone.

(Lee et al., 1996)

Images (0)

Mutant

Wild-type

Stocks (0)

Notes on Origin

Discoverer

Comments

Phenotype of homozygote less severe than phenotype of heterozygote with Df(3L)fz-GF3b or Df(3L)fz-GS1a. The btl alleles form a phenotypic series with respect to the tracheal phenotype. In decreasing order of severity, btl^LG18 = btl^LG19 > btl^H82Δ3 > btl^H82Δ11 > btl^6-81Δ1.

(Klambt et al., 1992)

External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 0 )

Synonyms and Secondary IDs (2)

Reported As

Symbol Synonym

btl^H82Δ3

(Hsouna et al., 2010, Hsouna et al., 2007, Cabernard and Affolter, 2005)

btlH82delta3

(Chanut-Delalande et al., 2007)

Name Synonyms

Secondary FlyBase IDs

References (16)

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