medulla | P-stage | somatic clone, with Scer\GAL4bsh.M.PT
Embryos expressing Wnt4Scer\UAS.cGa under the control of Scer\GAL4da.G32 have ectopic denticles.
Expression of Wnt4Scer\UAS.cGa under the control of Scer\GAL4bap.3 in the visceral mesoderm is sufficient to redirect the salivary glands ventrally, away from the visceral mesoderm. The redirection affects the entire salivary gland.
Expression of Wnt4Scer\UAS.cGa under the control of Scer\GAL4upd-E132 does not result in obvious planar polarity defects in the developing eye discs or adult eyes.
Expression of Wnt4Scer\UAS.cGa under the control of Scer\GAL4bi-omb-Gal4 does not result in any polarity changes in the eye disc.
Flies expressing Wnt4Scer\UAS.cGa under the control of Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1 or Scer\GAL4ptc-559.1 show frequent loss of the anterior crossvein. In addition, there are dramatic hair polarity changes in the distal region of the wing, with wing hairs oriented towards the anterior-posterior boundary between veins L3 and L4.
Expression of Wnt4Scer\UAS.cGa under the control of Scer\GAL4Act5C.PP in clones in the wing results in wing hairs around the clone shifting their polarity towards the clone.
When Wnt4Scer\UAS.cGa is driven in clones (when driven by Scer\GAL4αTub84B.PC) in the wing no alterations in polarity or other effects in the wing are seen. When Wnt4Scer\UAS.cGa is driven by Scer\GAL4ptc-559.1 in the adult abdomen at high temperature wing patterning is occasionally altered. When Wnt4Scer\UAS.cGa is driven by Scer\GAL4en-e16E polarity defects are seen in the wing. Within the anterior compartment the hairs posterior to vein II tend to turn clockwise to point posteriorly.
Expression of Wnt4Scer\UAS.cGa under the control of Scer\GAL4ptc-559.1 at 18oC results in flies with outspread wings. Most animals expressing Wnt4Scer\UAS.cGa under the control of Scer\GAL4ptc-559.1 at 29oC until mid-third larval instar and then shifted to 18oC die as pharate adults, but some escapers with small ectopic wings arising from the posterior region of the notum near the boundary between the dorsal and ventral notal structures are seen. Parts of the scutellum are lost in these animals. Animals expressing Wnt4Scer\UAS.cGa under the control of Scer\GAL4ptc-559.1 at 29oC throughout development develop ectopic wings of different sizes. Most of the ectopic wings are small and show hair-like structures characteristic of the alula, but large ectopic wings which arise from both sides of the posterior notum are reproducibly obtained. The ectopic wing is a mirror image duplication of the endogenous wing. The ectopic wing usually has wing margin bristles of posterior identity. Anterior structures such as anterior margin bristles and campaniform sensory neurons are occasionally formed. Occasionally, complete wing duplication is seen, this phenotype being associated with almost complete loss of the notum. Expression of Wnt4Scer\UAS.cGa under the control of Scer\GAL4ptc-559.1 at 29oC induces duplication of the halteres. The bifurcation occurs more or less distally, so that the two resulting appendages are either completely separated, form a common scabellum or have fused pedicels. Wing discs expressing Wnt4Scer\UAS.cGa under the control of Scer\GAL4ptc-559.1 show outgrowth from the posterior region of the notum. Expression of Wnt4Scer\UAS.cGa under the control of Scer\GAL4ptc-559.1 results in extra sternopleural bristles and extra dorsocentral, posterior postalar and scutellar bristles when the scutellum is not transformed into wing.
Expression of Wnt4Scer\UAS.cGa under the control of Scer\GAL4da.G32 has a variable effect on the cells of the dorsal epidermis in the embryo (in wild-type embryos each parasegment contains 4 types of cells in the dorsal epidermis; the 1o, 2o and 3o cells in the anterior half of the parasegment and the 4o cells in the posterior half of the parasegment). When one copy of Wnt4Scer\UAS.cGa is expressed at 29oC, 21% of segments have a 2o-3o-4o pattern, in which 1o cells are missing and 3o cells are expanded. In contrast, 62% of segments show either a 1o-3o-4o or 3o-4o pattern (1o and 3o cells are difficult to distinguish). Lower levels of expression result in a higher percentage of embryos with a pattern that is more clearly 1o-3o-4o along the dorsal midline, since the 2o cell fate is still apparent laterally.
Embryos expressing one copy of Wnt4Scer\UAS.cGa under the control of Scer\GAL4da.G32 show mild but consistent defects consisting of ectopic denticles within the regions of naked cuticle. Posterior segments are more affected than anterior ones and segmentation and diversity of denticle morphology are not entirely lost. Embryos expressing two copies of Wnt4Scer\UAS.cGa under the control of Scer\GAL4da.G32 have stronger phenotypes; the naked cuticle is often completely lost and replaced with denticle decorated cuticle, especially in the most posterior segments.
Wnt4UAS.cGa/Scer\GAL4bi-omb-Gal4 is an enhancer of abnormal planar polarity phenotype of Scer\GAL4bi-omb-Gal4, fjUAS.cZa
Scer\GAL4C587/Wnt4UAS.cGa is a non-enhancer of increased size | oogenesis phenotype of Scer\GAL4C587, dlpUAS.cBa
Wnt4UAS.cGa/Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1 is a suppressor of abnormal planar polarity phenotype of Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1, fzUAS.cAa
Scer\GAL4ptc-559.1/Wnt4UAS.cGa is a suppressor | partially of visible phenotype of wgl-16/wgl-17
Scer\GAL4C587/Wnt4UAS.cGa is a non-suppressor of increased size | oogenesis phenotype of Scer\GAL4C587, dlpUAS.cBa
Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1, Wnt4UAS.cGa, fjUAS.cZa has abnormal planar polarity phenotype
Wnt4UAS.cGa/Scer\GAL4bi-omb-Gal4 is an enhancer of eye disc phenotype of Scer\GAL4bi-omb-Gal4, fjUAS.cZa
Scer\GAL4C587/Wnt4UAS.cGa is a non-enhancer of female germline cyst | increased number phenotype of Scer\GAL4C587, dlpUAS.cBa
Scer\GAL4C587/Wnt4UAS.cGa is a non-enhancer of female germ cell nucleus phenotype of Scer\GAL4C587, dlpUAS.cBa
Scer\GAL4C587/Wnt4UAS.cGa is a suppressor | partially of spectrosome | increased number | oogenesis phenotype of Scer\GAL4C587, dlpUAS.cBa
Scer\GAL4C587/Wnt4UAS.cGa is a suppressor of escort cell | decreased number phenotype of Scer\GAL4C587, dlpUAS.cBa
Scer\GAL4C587/Wnt4UAS.cGa is a suppressor | partially of female germline stem cell | decreased number phenotype of Scer\GAL4C587, dlpUAS.cBa
Wnt4UAS.cGa/Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1 is a suppressor of wing hair phenotype of Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1, fzUAS.cAa
Scer\GAL4ptc-559.1/Wnt4UAS.cGa is a suppressor of wing phenotype of wgl-16/wgl-17
Scer\GAL4ptc-559.1/Wnt4UAS.cGa is a suppressor | partially of wing disc phenotype of wgl-12/wgl-17
Scer\GAL4ptc-559.1/Wnt4UAS.cGa is a suppressor | partially of antenna phenotype of wgl-16/wgl-17
Scer\GAL4ptc-559.1/Wnt4UAS.cGa is a suppressor of wing disc phenotype of wgl-16/wgl-17
Scer\GAL4ptc-559.1/Wnt4UAS.cGa is a suppressor of haltere phenotype of wgl-16/wgl-17
Scer\GAL4ptc-559.1/Wnt4UAS.cGa is a suppressor of leg phenotype of wgl-16/wgl-17
Scer\GAL4ptc-559.1/Wnt4UAS.cGa is a suppressor of mesonotum | ectopic phenotype of wgl-16/wgl-17
Wnt4UAS.cGa/Scer\GAL4da.G32 is a suppressor of embryonic epidermis | dorsal phenotype of hh4
Wnt4UAS.cGa/Scer\GAL4da.G32 is a suppressor of dorsal denticle phenotype of hh4
Scer\GAL4C587/Wnt4UAS.cGa is a non-suppressor of female germline cyst | increased number phenotype of Scer\GAL4C587, dlpUAS.cBa
Scer\GAL4C587/Wnt4UAS.cGa is a non-suppressor of female germ cell nucleus phenotype of Scer\GAL4C587, dlpUAS.cBa
Wnt4UAS.cGa/Scer\GAL4da.G32 is a non-suppressor of phenotype of wgl-17
Scer\GAL4da.G32, Wnt4UAS.cGa, otkUAS.cWa has embryonic/first instar larval cuticle phenotype
Scer\GAL4da.G32, Wnt4UAS.cGa, otkUAS.cWa has denticle | ectopic phenotype
Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1, Wnt4UAS.cGa, fjUAS.cZa has wing hair phenotype
Co-expression of Wnt4Scer\UAS.cGa and otkScer\UAS.cWa under the control of Scer\GAL4da.G32 results in embryos where all epidermal cells secrete denticles.
Embryos expressing Wnt4Scer\UAS.cGa under the control of Scer\GAL4da.G32 in a otk3 background show loss of denticle rows similar to that see in otk3 single mutants.
The weak polarity reversal phenotype caused by expression of fjScer\UAS.cZa under the control of Scer\GAL4bi-omb-Gal4 is enhanced by co-expression of Wnt4Scer\UAS.cGa.
Expression of either fjScer\UAS.cZa or Wnt4Scer\UAS.cGa singly under the control of Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1 at 20oC does not result in strong polarity changes in the wing. However, co-expression of both fjScer\UAS.cZa and Wnt4Scer\UAS.cGa under the control of Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1 results in strong polarity reversals both in the distal (60% penetrance) and proximal (40% penetrance) regions of the wing.
Co-expression of Wnt4Scer\UAS.cGa suppresses the change in wing hair polarity caused by expression of fzScer\UAS.cAa under the control of Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1.
Many of the phenotypes caused by wgl-16/wgl-17 can be rescued by expression of Wnt4Scer\UAS.cGa under the control of Scer\GAL4ptc-559.1; wing rescue is seen at high frequency, halteres appear well developed, leg morphology is often rescued, but partial rescue of the antenna is only occasionally seen. The wing disc defect caused by shifting wgl-12/wgl-17 wing discs to the restrictive temperature for 24 hours at the beginning of the second larval instar can be rescued by expression of Wnt4Scer\UAS.cGa under the control of Scer\GAL4ptc-559.1 during the 24 hour period. When wgl-12/wgl-17 wing discs expressing Wnt4Scer\UAS.cGa under the control of Scer\GAL4ptc-559.1 are continuously maintained at the restrictive temperature from the second until the late third instar stage, the resulting discs fail to develop normally and remain very small.
Expression of Wnt4Scer\UAS.cGa under the control of Scer\GAL4da.G32 does not rescue the phenotype of wgl-17 embryos. Loss of hh activity at 6 hours of development in hh4 homozygous embryos results in the loss of 1-3o cell fates in the dorsal epidermis. This phenotype is not altered by the expression of Wnt4Scer\UAS.cGa under the control of Scer\GAL4da.G32. Loss of hh activity at 7 hours of development in hh4 homozygous embryos results in production of a few 3o denticles in the dorsal epidermis. Expression of Wnt4Scer\UAS.cGa under the control of Scer\GAL4da.G32 in this background expands the production of 3o denticles in each segment.