Thermogenetic activation of Tk-GAL4[Fru[M] neurons (neurons labelled by both Scer\GAL4^Tk and Ecol\lexA^{fru.P1.T:Hsim\VP16}) increases male-male aggression compared to controls. Ecol\lexA^{fru.P1.T:Hsim\VP16} drives expression of Scer\FLP1^{L.8xEcol\lexAop}, which results in excision of the Scer\FRT cassette from TrpA1^{Scer\FRT.stop.Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC} enabling these cells to express TrpA1 under the control of Scer\GAL4^Tk when the flies are shifted to the permissive temperature. There is no change in male-male courtship behavior; the frequency of unilateral wing extension or "singing" towards other males is unchanged.

Activation of Tdc and dsx-positive neurons by expressing TrpA1^{Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC} under the control of Scer\GAL4^Tdc2.PC (in which the Scer\FRT cassette has been excised by Scer\FLP1^dsx) at the permissive temperature reduces receptivity in virgin females. Only a small percentage of females copulate within 1 hour and they show increased rejection behaviors (ovipositor extrusion) and egg laying compared to controls.

Males expressing TrpA1^{Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC} under the control of Scer\GAL4^ple.PF in the subset of neurons that also express either Scer\FLP1²⁴³ or Scer\FLP1⁴⁴⁷ (the Scer\FLP1 allele generates TrpA1^{Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC} from its progenitor TrpA1^{Scer\FRT.stop.Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC}, resulting in TrpA1 expression) and shifted to at 27[o]C to activate TrpA1 show a change in aggressive behaviour compared to wild-type males, with a significant increase in the number of lunges and in the latency to the first lunge.

Males expressing TrpA1^{Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC} under the control of Scer\GAL4^dsx.Δ2 in the presence of Scer\FLP1^{L.8xEcol\lexAop} and Ecol\lexA^R71G01 (this limits expression to the intersection of Ecol\lexA^R71G01 and Scer\FLP1^{L.8xEcol\lexAop} expression patterns as TrpA1^{Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC} is generated from TrpA1^{Scer\FRT.stop.Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC} by the expression of Scer\FLP1^{L.8xEcol\lexAop}) at 32[o]C show significant courtship towards freely-moving females in a vision-based courtship assay (females separated from male targets by a thin transparent plastic barrier). This contrasts with wild-type males which barely court females under these conditions.

At the permissive temperature of 22[o]C, expression of TrpA1^{Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC} in the intersection of the Scer\GAL4^dsx.KI and Scer\FLP1²⁵⁰ expression patterns (TrpA1^{Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC} generated from TrpA1^{Scer\FRT.stop.Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC} using the Scer\FLP1²⁵⁰ line) has no effect on the behaviour of virgin females in a mating assay.

At the restrictive temperature of 31[o]C, virgin females expressing TrpA1^{Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC} in the intersection of the Scer\GAL4^dsx.KI and Scer\FLP1²⁵⁰ expression patterns have reduced levels of sexual receptivity and show significantly higher levels of female rejection behaviours (ovipositor extrusion) toward courting males than do virgin control females. Levels of male courtship towards the mutant females are unchanged, although there is a significant increase in courtship latency.