FB2026_01 , released March 12, 2026
FB2026_01 , released March 12, 2026
Allele: Dmel\chem1
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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\chem1
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
FlyBase ID
FBal0009634
Feature type
allele
Associated gene
chem
Associated Insertion(s)
Carried in Construct
Key Links
Allele class
Mutagen
    Nature of the Allele
    Allele class
    Mutagen
    Progenitor genotype
    Cytology
    Description
    Mutations Mapped to the Genome
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    Variant Molecular Consequences
    Associated Sequence Data
    DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank
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        Expression Data
        Reporter Expression
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        Marker for
        Reflects expression of
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        Human Disease Associations
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        Disease-implicated variant(s)
         
        Phenotypic Data
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        Phenotype Manifest In
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        chem1 homozygotes as well as chem1/chem3 or chem1/chem5 transheterozygotes are embryonic/larval lethal, the animals that die as embryos frequently show severe cuticular defects (including no cuticle, dorsal open or head involution defective phenotypes) and disruption of the lateral epithelium architecture. All of the surviving larvae die before reaching adulthood - even when cultured separately from their balancer-containing heterozygous siblings none of the surviving chem1 homozygous larvae manage to pupariate.

        Embryos both maternally and zygotically mutant for chem1 (coming from mothers with chem1 germline clones generated by the OvoD method) display severe cuticular defects - stronger than in zygotic only mutants - with majority forming no cuticle at all, heteroallelic embryos coming from chem1 mutant mothers and either chem3 or chem5 fathers show similarly severe cuticular defects. These embryonic phenotypes are significantly improved by paternal rescue.

        (Zamudio-Arroyo and Riesgo-Escovar, 2016)

        l(3)5G83 mutants display failure of dorsal closure.

        (Jurgens et al., 1984)
        External Data
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        Enhanced by
        Suppressed by
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        Additional Comments
        Genetic Interactions
        Statement
        Reference

        The embryonic cuticular phenotype (dorsal closure defects) and lethality of yrt3 homozygous mutants is significantly suppressed by combination with chem1 in heterozygous state and majority of the animals progress to larval stage. Over half of yrt3/yrt3;chem1/+ larvae (when cultures separately) manage to pupariate. Conversely, the embryonic phenotypes of chem1 homozygotes are slightly but significantly improved by combination with a single copy of yrt3. The cuticular phenotype of yrt3;chem1 double homozygous embryos is improved relative to yrt3 single mutants but worsened relative to chem1 homozygotes. Similarly, the embryonic cuticular defects and lethality observed in crb8F105 homozygotes are weakly suppressed by combination with single copy of chem1 and more strongly so by combination with two copies. Some crb8F105 mutant embryos heterozygous or homozygous for chem1 reach adulthood when cultured separately without larvae of other genotypes. Conversely, crb8F105 heterozygosity partially suppresses chem1 mutant embryonic cuticular defects and lethality and the surviving larvae (cultured separately) reach the adult stage at the same rate as sibling double heterozygotes. The cuticular phenotype of crb8F105;chem1 homozygous double mutants is improved relative to crb8F105 single mutants but worsened relative to chem1 homozygotes.

        The frequency and severity of cuticular defects observed in both cora2 and chem1 homozygous embryos are significantly increased by combination with a single copy of either chem1 or cora2, respectively, as well as in cora2;chem1 double homozygotes compared to the single homozygotes.

        (Zamudio-Arroyo and Riesgo-Escovar, 2016)
        Xenogenetic Interactions
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        Complementation and Rescue Data
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        External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 0 )
        Synonyms and Secondary IDs (2)
        Reported As
        Symbol Synonym
        chem1
        l(3)5G831
        Name Synonyms
        Secondary FlyBase IDs
          References (2)