UASt regulatory sequences drive expression of an inverted repeat.
Expression of l(2)glGD4047 under the control of Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096 or Scer\GAL4Hml.Δ does not lead to a significant difference in survival as compared to controls when larvae are infected with the nematode Heterorhabditis bacteriophora and its associated bacterium Photorhabdus luminescens.
The expression of l(2)glGD4047 under the control of Scer\GAL4ptc-559.1 leads to an increase in apoptosis around the anterior-posterior compartment boundary of the third instar larval wing disc, as compared to controls.
Somatic clones expressing l(2)glGD4047 under the control of Scer\GAL4Act.PU in wandering third instar larval wing discs do not present obvious size differences, as compared to control clones.
The expression of l(2)glGD4047 under the control of Scer\GAL4ptc-559.1 (together with Dicer-2, for efficient RNAi) leads to third instar larval wing discs displaying dysplastic overgrowths in the dorsal hinge region and displaying apoptosis at the boundary with non-expressing cells along the ptc-positive domain at the anterior-posterior compartment boundary, as compared to controls. Expression under the control of Scer\GAL4sd-SG29.1 also leads to dysplastic overgrowths in the wing disc hinge region, as compared to controls.
The clonal expression of l(2)glGD4047 under the control of Scer\GAL4Act5C.PI (together with Dicer-2, for efficient RNAi) within mosaic third instar larval wing discs leads to dysplastic overgrowths only in the hinge region and leads to apoptosis (Dcp1 staining) and basal delamination/extrusion of some l(2)glGD4047-expressing cells in both the wing pouch and hinge regions (particularly at the boundary with non-expressing cells), as compared to controls. The overgrowths are particularly prevalent at the dorsal hinge region, mostly at medial fold, and always occur at the apical side of the epithelial layer. Despite of the basal delamination, some of the expressing cells in the hinge region remain within the epithelial layer.
Expression of l(2)glGD4047 under the control of Scer\GAL4en.PU does not induce wing disc overgrowth at 25[o]C. At 29[o]C, morphological alterations of the P-compartment are evident, although some fragmentation is also seen in controls.
Expression of l(2)glGD4047 using a particular insertion line - VDRC #51249 - under the control of Scer\GAL4e22c results in abnormal large epidermal syncytia being formed in about 40% of the larvae, however when a different insertion (VDRC #51247) of the same is used, no such phenotype is observed.
Adults expressing l(2)glGD4047 under the control of Scer\GAL4elav.PLu (in the presence of Dcr-2Scer\UAS.cDa to increase the efficiency of RNAi) do not show a significant defect in avoidance of noxious temperature (46[o]C) compared to control flies.
Ras85DV12.cUa.UAS, Scer\GAL4Act.PU, l(2)glGD4047 has abnormal size | wandering third instar larval stage | somatic clone phenotype, enhanceable by wupAf06492, Scer\GAL4Act.PU
Ras85DV12.cUa.UAS, Scer\GAL4Act.PU, l(2)glGD4047 has hyperplasia | wandering third instar larval stage | somatic clone phenotype, enhanceable by wupAJF02172, Scer\GAL4Act.PU
Scer\GAL4Act5C.PI, l(2)glGD4047 has neoplasia | third instar larval stage | somatic clone phenotype, enhanceable by Scer\GAL4Act5C.PI/Stat92EΔNΔC.UASp.Tag:HA
Scer\GAL4ptc-559.1, l(2)glGD4047 has increased cell death | third instar larval stage phenotype, suppressible | partially by GlyatTH00482, Scer\GAL4ptc-559.1
Ras85DV12.cUa.UAS, Scer\GAL4Act.PU, l(2)glGD4047 has abnormal size | somatic clone | wandering third instar larval stage phenotype, suppressible by wupAJF02172, Scer\GAL4Act.PU
Ras85DV12.cUa.UAS, Scer\GAL4Act.PU, l(2)glGD4047 has hyperplasia | somatic clone | wandering third instar larval stage phenotype, suppressible by wupAJF02172, Scer\GAL4Act.PU
Ras85DV12.cUa.UAS, Scer\GAL4Act.PU, l(2)glGD4047 has lethal - all die before end of P-stage | somatic clone phenotype, suppressible | partially by wupAJF02172, Scer\GAL4Act.PU
Scer\GAL4Act5C.PI, l(2)glGD4047 has neoplasia | somatic clone | third instar larval stage phenotype, suppressible by Scer\GAL4Act5C.PI/Stat92EKK100519
RpL27A1, Scer\GAL4en.PU, l(2)glGD4047 has neoplasia phenotype, suppressible by bskDN.UAS, Scer\GAL4en.PU
l(2)glGD4047/Ras85DV12.cUa.UAS, Scer\GAL4Act.PU is an enhancer of abnormal size | wandering third instar larval stage | somatic clone phenotype of Scer\GAL4Act.PU, wupAf06492
l(2)glGD4047/Scer\GAL4dome-PG5 is a non-enhancer of melanotic mass phenotype phenotype of hopTum
l(2)glGD4047/Scer\GAL4dome-PG5 is a non-suppressor of melanotic mass phenotype phenotype of hopTum
Ras85DV12.cUa.UAS, Scer\GAL4Act.PU, l(2)glGD4047, wupAJF02172 has short lived phenotype
Scer\GAL4Act.PU, l(2)glGD4047, wupAf06492 has lethal - all die before end of P-stage | somatic clone phenotype
Scer\GAL4Act.PU, l(2)glGD4047, wupAf06492 has abnormal size | somatic clone | wandering third instar larval stage phenotype
RpL27A1, Scer\GAL4en.PU, l(2)glGD4047 has neoplasia phenotype
Ras85DV12.cUa.UAS, Scer\GAL4Act.PU, l(2)glGD4047 has wing disc | wandering third instar larval stage | somatic clone phenotype, enhanceable by wupAf06492, Scer\GAL4Act.PU
Ras85DV12.cUa.UAS, Scer\GAL4Act.PU, l(2)glGD4047 has fat body | wandering third instar larval stage | somatic clone phenotype, enhanceable by wupAJF02172, Scer\GAL4Act.PU
Scer\GAL4Act5C.PI, l(2)glGD4047 has wing disc | third instar larval stage | somatic clone phenotype, enhanceable by Scer\GAL4Act5C.PI/Stat92EΔNΔC.UASp.Tag:HA
Scer\GAL4Act5C.PI, l(2)glGD4047 has wing hinge primordium | third instar larval stage | somatic clone phenotype, enhanceable by Scer\GAL4Act5C.PI/Stat92EΔNΔC.UASp.Tag:HA
Scer\GAL4ptc-559.1, l(2)glGD4047 has anterior-posterior compartment boundary of the wing disc | third instar larval stage phenotype, suppressible | partially by GlyatTH00482, Scer\GAL4ptc-559.1
Ras85DV12.cUa.UAS, Scer\GAL4Act.PU, l(2)glGD4047 has wing disc | somatic clone | wandering third instar larval stage phenotype, suppressible by wupAJF02172, Scer\GAL4Act.PU
Ras85DV12.cUa.UAS, Scer\GAL4Act.PU, l(2)glGD4047 has eye disc | somatic clone | wandering third instar larval stage phenotype, suppressible by wupAJF02172, Scer\GAL4Act.PU
Scer\GAL4Act5C.PI, l(2)glGD4047 has wing disc | somatic clone | third instar larval stage phenotype, suppressible by Scer\GAL4Act5C.PI/Stat92EKK100519
Scer\GAL4Act5C.PI, l(2)glGD4047 has wing hinge primordium | somatic clone | third instar larval stage phenotype, suppressible by Scer\GAL4Act5C.PI/Stat92EKK100519
RpL27A1, Scer\GAL4en.PU, l(2)glGD4047 has tracheal section | ectopic phenotype, suppressible by bskDN.UAS, Scer\GAL4en.PU
RpL27A1, Scer\GAL4en.PU, l(2)glGD4047 has wing disc phenotype, suppressible by bskDN.UAS, Scer\GAL4en.PU
l(2)glGD4047/Ras85DV12.cUa.UAS, Scer\GAL4Act.PU is an enhancer of wing disc | wandering third instar larval stage | somatic clone phenotype of Scer\GAL4Act.PU, wupAf06492
l(2)glGD4047/Scer\GAL4dome-PG5 is a non-enhancer of melanotic mass phenotype of hopTum
l(2)glGD4047/Scer\GAL4dome-PG5 is a non-suppressor of melanotic mass phenotype of hopTum
Scer\GAL4Act.PU, l(2)glGD4047, wupAf06492 has wing disc | somatic clone | wandering third instar larval stage phenotype
Ras85DV12.cUa.UAS, Scer\GAL4Act.PU, l(2)glGD4047 has eye disc | somatic clone | wandering third instar larval stage phenotype
Ras85DV12.cUa.UAS, Scer\GAL4Act.PU, l(2)glGD4047 has fat body | somatic clone | wandering third instar larval stage phenotype
RhoGEF2HMS01118, Scer\GAL4Act5C.PI, l(2)glGD4047 has wing disc | somatic clone | third instar larval stage phenotype
RpL27A1, Scer\GAL4en.PU, l(2)glGD4047 has wing disc phenotype
RpL27A1, Scer\GAL4en.PU, l(2)glGD4047 has tracheal section | ectopic phenotype
The increased apoptosis around the anterior-posterior compartment boundary of the third instar larval wing disc resulting from the expression of l(2)glGD4047 under the control of Scer\GAL4ptc-559.1 is strongly suppressed by the co-expression of GlyatTH00482.
Somatic clones co-expressing wupAf06492 and l(2)glGD4047 under the control of Scer\GAL4Act.PU in wandering third instar larval wing discs present a significant increase in the relative clonal area, as compared to control clones; animals bearing clones co-expressing l(2)glGD4047 and wupAf06492 do not reach adulthood.
Somatic clones co-expressing l(2)glGD4047, Ras85DV12.cUa.Scer\UAS and wupAf06492 under the control of Scer\GAL4Act.PU in wandering third instar larvae wing discs exhibit a significant increase in relative clonal area as compared to clones only co-expressing l(2)glGD4047 and Ras85DV12.cUa.Scer\UAS or only expressing wupAf06492; animals bearing clones co-expressing l(2)glGD4047, Ras85DV12.cUa.Scer\UAS and wupAf06492 do not reach adulthood.
The induction of somatic clones co-expressing l(2)glGD4047 and Ras85DV12.cUa.Scer\UAS under the control of Scer\GAL4Act.PU during second instar larval stage results in the accumulation of clonal cells in the wandering third instar larval fat body, which is enhanced by the additional co-expression of wupAJF02172; the induction of these clones also results in lethality before adulthood, which is partially rescued by the additional co-expression of wupAJF02172, although the surviving adults display a shorter life-span as compared to wild-type controls.
In wandering third instar larvae, somatic clones co-expressing l(2)glGD4047 and Ras85DV12.cUa.Scer\UAS under the control of Scer\GAL4Act.PU in both eye discs and wing discs exhibit a significant increase in the relative clonal area and hyperplasia as compared to control clones; wing disc clone cells localize both basally and apically in the disc. All of these phenotypes are suppressed by the additional co-expression of wupAJF02172, even leading to a significant decrease in the wing disc clonal area as compared to control clones.
The wing disc hinge overgrowths induced by the clonal expression of l(2)glGD4047 under the control of Scer\GAL4Act5C.PI (together with Dicer-2, for efficient RNAi) is enhanced by the co-expression of Stat92EΔNΔC.UASp.Tag:HA, leading to large tumor masses, while being suppressed the co-expression of Stat92EKK100519; the Stat92EΔNΔC.UASp.Tag:HA co-expression still does not lead to overgrowths in the wing pouch area and does not affect the basal delamination/extrusion observed upon scribKK101128 single expression.
The clonal co-expression of l(2)glGD4047 and RhoGEF2HMS01118 under the control of Scer\GAL4Act5C.PI (together with Dicer-2, for efficient RNAi) in third instar larval wing discs leads to a significant proportion of apical delamination, which does not occur in l(2)glGD4047 single expression clones.
Larvae expressing l(2)glGD4047 under the control of Scer\GAL4en.PU in a minute background (RpL27A1) live for about 11 days after egg laying and die with no signs of differentiation. The cells of the P-compartment of the wing disc appear highly disorganised due to loss of apical-basal polarity and increased hypoxia is seen compared to controls. At the extreme end of the larval stage these tumor cells are highly migratory, migrating towards the tracheal tubes and contacting their filopodia. The tumor cells also form new tracheal branches and can migrate along tracheal vessels and fuse with them. Tumor cells are seen to migrate from one disc to another, for example from the haltere disc, along a tracheal scaffold, to the wing disc.
Expression of bskDN.Scer\UAS suppresses the tumor growth seen in the wing disc when l(2)glGD4047 is expressed under the control of Scer\GAL4en.PU in a minute background (RpL27A1). Individuals differentiate into adult pharates and a small proportion of the pupae eclose into adults with no evident phenotypic alterations.