P{lacW} insertion in the third intron.
lethal (with aPKCpsu265)
lethal (with aPKCpsu417)
lethal (with Df(2R)BSC330)
lethal | heat sensitive (with aPKCts)
larval brain & neuroblast
mushroom body & neuron | somatic clone
Homozygous clones are frequently not recovered in the wing disc and those that are recovered are small.
Testes of heterozygous males sometimes contain misoriented spermatid cysts where the clustered spermatid nuclei are found apically (rather than basally).
aPKCk06403 mutant wing disc clones cannot be detected at the first instar larval stage. However, clones can be seen when induction takes place at the second instar larval stage, and these are positive for apoptosis.
aPKCts/aPKCk06403 flies are viable at the permissive temperature (25[o]C) and adult flies appear morphologically normal. However, females are sterile, with no larvae hatching from laid eggs even when crossed with wild type males. Germline cyst encapsulation phenotypes are seen immediately after the mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition in region 3 of the germarium in aPKCts/Df(2R)l4 mutant ovaries at the permissive temperature. The resulting follicular epithelium adherens junctions, apicobasal polarity and actin-myosin cytoskeleton appear normal. At the restrictive temperature (30[o]C) very few flies eclose from the pupal cases, with occasional escaper flies that exhibit abdominal dorsal closure defects. At 27-28[o]C (the semi-permissive temperature) viability is variable, but almost all flies show significant dorsal closure defects.
aPKCts/aPKCk06403 third instar larval wing discs show a temperature sensitive induction of apoptosis. Whereas at the permissive temperatures (18[o]C and 25[o]C) there are low levels of cell extrusion and apoptosis, at the restrictive temperature (30[0]C) significantly higher levels of cell extrusion and apoptosis are seen, and the wings discs appear smaller than in controls. No phenotypes are seen in the heterozygous controls.
At both the permissive and restrictive temperatures there is a significant decrease in the proportion of aPKCts/aPKCk06403 mutant wing disc cells with the correct planar spindle orientation compared to controls. The decrease is greater at 30[0]C than at 25[o]C.
Embryos maternally mutant for aPKCts/aPKCk06403 fail to complete germ band extension (GBE), with a complete loss of epithelial integrity at the permissive temperature.
Homozygous tracheal terminal cells show a reduction in branching (primarily affecting class II and later-order branches) compared to wild type, a severe reduction in gas-filled lumen and an abnormal branch tip morphology.
aPKCk06403 mutants display a mild defect in denticle belt formation.
Zygotic mutants for aPKCk06403 complete embryogenesis due to maternally inherited gene product.
Compared with wild-type embryos, aPKCk06403 mutants have significantly shorter lull times and significantly more frequent pulses for actomyosin assembly-disassembly cycles.
Microtubules are disorganised but are not lost in homozygous follicle cell clones. Piling up of follicle cells and stretching or gaps in the epithelium are seen.
All aPKCk06403 mutant adult Malpighian tubule renal and nephric stem cells (RNSCs) differentiate into renalcytes (RCs).
Occasional aPKCpsu265/aPKCk06403 and aPKCpsu417/aPKCk06403 adult escapers are seen.
Embryos derived from homozygous female germ-line clones develop only scattered crumbs of cuticle. Epithelial cells in stage 7 embryos derived from homozygous female germ-line clones lose their columnar, monolayered organisation, rounding up and losing contact with each other.
Homozygous follicle cell clones show extensive multilayering of the epithelium.
An oocyte is specified in only 28% of germ-line clones.
Homozygous single neuroblast clones which are induced in first instar larvae and allowed to develop for 96 hours always contain a single large dpn-positive neuroblast (as do control single neuroblast clones).
Progression through mitosis is delayed in aPKCk06403 larval neuroblasts compared to wild-type neuroblasts; the transit from nuclear envelope breakdown to anaphase onset is 17.84 +/- 4.52 minutes in the mutant neuroblasts compared to 7.76 +/- 2.04 minutes in wild-type neuroblasts.
80% of homozygous female germline clones are arrested at stage 5 or 6 of oogenesis, but some germline clones do develop until stages 9 or 10.
Homozygous larvae have a reduced number of brain neuroblasts.
The transplantation of aPKCk06403 larval neuroblast clones into adult hosts does not cause tumor formation.
No aPKCk06403 homozygous clones can be recovered in the eyes of aPKCk06403 Scer\FRT; Scer\FLP1ey.PN adults and only a few very small clones can be recovered in the eye imaginal disc.
In aPKCExc55/aPKCk06403 mutant animals, there is a decrease in the number of synaptic boutons at the neuromuscular junction (NMJ). Muscle size remains normal.
When somatic clones are made in the follicular epithelium cell polarity defects are seen. These are more severe at the poles of the egg chamber than in lateral positions where polarity is often normal. Zonula adherens is also compromised in clones. Mutant follicle cells are also multilayered. most strikingly at the anterior and posterior poles. When mutant clones are made in the border cells no migration defects are seen.
Somatic clones of aPKCk06403 in the pupal retina are very small - consisting of only a few cells, suggesting a role in proliferation and/or survival of retinal cells.
Stage 15 homozygous embryos have normal epithelial and neuroblast polarity. Homozygous aPKCk06403 mutants die as late second instar larvae, they remain as second instar larvae for at least twice as long as normal. aPKCk06403 mutant second larval instar eye imaginal discs are not organised into an epithelial monolayer and appear to have lost epithelial polarity. They are also smaller than in wild-type. aPKCk06403 mutant clones exhibit a dramatic decrease in the number of neuronal progeny compared to wild-type. aPKCk06403 mushroom body clones contain 75-125 neurons, consisting primarily of early-born γ neurons (in contrast to wild-type clones, which contain 300-400 neurons, consisting of early-born γ neurons as well as later-born α- and β-neurons).
aPKCk06403 germ-line clones fail to differentiate an oocyte as indicated by the presence of polyploid nurse cell nuclei in germ-line mutant egg chambers. Depletion of aPKC function from the follicle cells leads to their multilayering, which disrupts the normal partitioning of germ-line nuclei to successively mature egg chambers caused by mispositioning of mutant follicle cells. IN aPKCk06403 mutant germ-line cysts ring canal distribution and spatioal distribution are indistinguishable from wild-type. No defects are seen in fusome morphology.
Homozygous aPKCk06403 and aPKCk06403/Df(2R)Jp1 embryos derived from heterozygous aPKCk06403/+ females do not form cuticle because they die before cuticle secretion begins (most die before or during cellularisation). The embryos show multilayering of the epithelium at gastrulation, the cells are extremely irregular in shape and apico-basal polarity of the epithelium is lost. Embryos that contain a zygotic wild-type allele of aPKC and are derived from aPKCk06403/+ females often die with characteristic head defects. At the anterior tip of the embryo, the epithelium is multilayered. Hemizygous embryos (that have a wild-type maternal contribution of aPKC) do not show obvious defects before germ band extension. The embryos form cuticles with severe head defects and large ventral holes, or lack ventral cuticle altogether.
aPKCk06403, armF1α has abnormal planar polarity phenotype, enhanceable by sggM11
aPKCk06403, armF1α has abnormal cell polarity phenotype, enhanceable by sggM11
aPKCk06403 has abnormal planar polarity phenotype, enhanceable by sggM11/armF1α
aPKCk06403 has abnormal cell polarity phenotype, enhanceable by sggM11/armF1α
aPKCts/aPKCk06403 has increased cell death | heat sensitive phenotype, suppressible by raps[+]/pins193
aPKCk06403 has abnormal planar polarity phenotype, suppressible by armF1α
aPKCk06403 has abnormal cell polarity phenotype, non-suppressible by armF1α
aPKCk06403/aPKC[+] is an enhancer of abnormal cell polarity | embryonic stage | maternal effect phenotype of Df(2L)BSC301, Scer\GAL4VP16.mat.αTub67C, cystHMS01750
armF1α/aPKCk06403 is an enhancer of abnormal planar polarity phenotype of sggM11
armF1α/aPKCk06403 is an enhancer of abnormal cell polarity phenotype of sggM11
sggM11/aPKCk06403 is an enhancer of abnormal planar polarity phenotype of armF1α
sggM11/aPKCk06403 is an enhancer of abnormal cell polarity phenotype of armF1α
aPKCk06403/aPKC[+] is a non-enhancer of visible | adult stage phenotype of MagiUAS.GFP, Scer\GAL4GMR.PU
aPKCk06403/aPKC[+] is a suppressor | partially of abnormal cell migration | oogenesis phenotype of Scer\GAL4c306, cactinKK100507
aPKCk06403/aPKC[+] is a suppressor of abnormal neuroanatomy | larval stage phenotype of l(2)gl334/l(2)gl3644
aPKCk06403/aPKC[+] is a suppressor of abnormal neuroanatomy | somatic clone phenotype of Zif1L15
aPKCk06403/aPKC[+] is a suppressor of increased cell number | somatic clone phenotype of twsj11C8
aPKCk06403/aPKC[+] is a suppressor of abnormal neuroanatomy | adult stage phenotype of DCTN1-p150Δ.UAS, Scer\GAL4shot-OK307
aPKCk06403/aPKC[+] is a suppressor of visible | heat sensitive phenotype of peb1
aPKCk06403/aPKC[+] is a non-suppressor of visible | adult stage phenotype of MagiUAS.GFP, Scer\GAL4GMR.PU
aPKCk06403 is a non-suppressor of hyperplasia | conditional | somatic clone phenotype of Ras85DV12.UAS, Scer\GAL4FRT.Act5C, Scer\GAL80αTub84B.PL
PKDcl4, aPKCk06403 has viable phenotype
PKDcl4, aPKCk06403 has partially lethal - majority live phenotype
aPKCk06403/Df(2R)BSC330, baz815-8 has viable phenotype
aPKCk06403/Df(2R)BSC330, baz815-8 has fertile phenotype
aPKCk06403/aPKC[+], wtsx1 has abnormal neuroanatomy | embryonic stage phenotype
aPKCk06403, armF1α has abnormal cell polarity phenotype
aPKCk06403 has spermatid cyst phenotype, enhanceable by eIF4E5B8a
aPKCk06403 has spermatid cyst phenotype, enhanceable by eIF4E5B8b
aPKCk06403 has oocyte associated follicular epithelium | somatic clone phenotype, enhanceable by Scer\GAL4Act.PU/Egfr1.A887T.UAS
aPKCk06403 has spermatid cyst phenotype, enhanceable by orb2[+]/orb236
aPKCk06403, armF1α has ventral denticle belt phenotype, enhanceable by sggM11
aPKCk06403 has ventral denticle belt phenotype, enhanceable by sggM11/armF1α
aPKCk06403, zip1 has embryonic/first instar larval cuticle phenotype, non-enhanceable by par-6Δ226
aPKCts/aPKCk06403 has wing disc | third instar larval stage | heat sensitive phenotype, suppressible by raps[+]/pins193
aPKCts/aPKCk06403 has embryo | dorsal closure stage | heat sensitive phenotype, suppressible by raps[+]/pins193
aPKCk06403 has ventral denticle belt phenotype, suppressible by armF1α
aPKCk06403 is an enhancer of spermatid cyst phenotype of eIF4E5B8a
aPKCk06403 is an enhancer of spermatid cyst phenotype of eIF4E5B8b
aPKCk06403/aPKC[+] is an enhancer of embryonic epidermis | maternal effect phenotype of Df(2L)BSC301, Scer\GAL4VP16.mat.αTub67C, cystHMS01750
armF1α/aPKCk06403 is an enhancer of ventral denticle belt phenotype of sggM11
sggM11/aPKCk06403 is an enhancer of ventral denticle belt phenotype of armF1α
aPKCk06403 is an enhancer of embryonic/first instar larval cuticle phenotype of zip1
aPKCk06403/aPKC[+] is an enhancer of embryonic/larval cuticle phenotype of baz4
aPKCk06403 is an enhancer of neuroblast | third instar larval stage phenotype of l(2)gl4
aPKCk06403/aPKC[+] is a non-enhancer of eye | adult stage phenotype of MagiUAS.GFP, Scer\GAL4GMR.PU
aPKCk06403 is a non-enhancer of embryonic/first instar larval cuticle phenotype of par-6Δ226, zip1
aPKCk06403/aPKC[+] is a suppressor | partially of border follicle cell phenotype of Scer\GAL4c306, cactinKK100507
aPKCk06403/aPKC[+] is a suppressor | partially of egg chamber phenotype of slmb9H4-17/slmb8, slmbL.hs
aPKCk06403/aPKC[+] is a suppressor of type II neuroblast | increased number | larval stage phenotype of l(2)gl334/l(2)gl3644
aPKCk06403/aPKC[+] is a suppressor of intermediate neuronal progenitor | increased number | larval stage phenotype of l(2)gl334/l(2)gl3644
aPKCk06403/aPKC[+] is a suppressor of neuroblast | increased number | somatic clone phenotype of Zif1L15
aPKCk06403/aPKC[+] is a suppressor | partially of embryonic/larval optic lobe phenotype of Df(3R)Exel6265/twsj11C8
aPKCk06403/aPKC[+] is a suppressor | partially of larval neuroblast | increased number phenotype of Df(3R)Exel6265/twsj11C8
aPKCk06403/aPKC[+] is a suppressor of larval neuroblast | increased number | somatic clone phenotype of twsj11C8
aPKCk06403/aPKC[+] is a suppressor of giant fiber neuron phenotype of DCTN1-p150Δ.UAS, Scer\GAL4shot-OK307
aPKCk06403 is a suppressor of larval brain & neuroblast | supernumerary phenotype of l(2)gl334
aPKCk06403/aPKC[+] is a suppressor of NMJ bouton | larval stage phenotype of Fmr13
aPKCk06403/aPKC[+] is a suppressor of synapse & larval neuromuscular junction phenotype of Fmr13
aPKCk06403/aPKC[+] is a suppressor | partially of eye phenotype of Fmr1sev.PW
aPKCk06403/aPKC[+] is a suppressor | partially of ommatidium phenotype of Fmr1sev.PW
aPKCk06403/aPKC[+] is a suppressor of eye | heat sensitive phenotype of peb1
aPKCk06403/aPKC[+] is a suppressor of wing disc phenotype of l(2)gl334
aPKCk06403/aPKC[+] is a suppressor of neuroblast & larval brain & third instar larva phenotype of l(2)gl334
aPKCk06403/aPKC[+] is a suppressor of ventral thoracic disc & epithelial cell phenotype of l(2)gl334
aPKCk06403/aPKC[+] is a suppressor of leg disc phenotype of l(2)gl334
aPKCk06403/aPKC[+] is a suppressor of dorsal mesothoracic disc & epithelial cell phenotype of l(2)gl334
aPKCk06403/aPKC[+] is a suppressor | partially of larval brain | third instar larval stage phenotype of l(2)gl334/l(2)gl4
aPKCk06403/aPKC[+] is a non-suppressor of eye | adult stage phenotype of MagiUAS.GFP, Scer\GAL4GMR.PU
aPKCk06403 is a non-suppressor of adult Malpighian tubule | conditional | somatic clone phenotype of Ras85DV12.UAS, Scer\GAL4FRT.Act5C, Scer\GAL80αTub84B.PL
EgfrGD1654, Scer\GAL4Act.PU, aPKCk06403 has oocyte associated follicular epithelium | somatic clone phenotype
aPKCk06403/aPKC[+], wtsx1 has larval RP2 motor neuron | embryonic stage phenotype
aPKCk06403, armF1α has ventral denticle belt phenotype
Embryos derived from aPKCk06403, Df(2L)BSC301 double heterozygous females do not show planar polarity defects (i.e. in Baz localization pattern).
The proportion of hemisegments with abnormal number of neurons in the asymmetrically dividing RP2 neural lineage is significantly increased in wtsx1/+;aPKCk06403/+ double heterozygous embryos compared to either of the single heterozygotes or wild type.
The rough eye phenotype observed in adults expressing MagiScer\UAS.T:Avic\GFP under the control of Scer\GAL4GMR.PU is not modified by combination with single copy of aPKCk06403.
Lowering aPKC levels, by a aPKCk06403 heterozygous background, partially suppresses the multilayering cell phenotype found in slmbL.hs;slmb8/slmb9H4-17 mutants.
orb236/+ enhances the frequency of testes containing misoriented spermatid cysts in aPKCk06403/+ males.
raps193 dominantly suppresses the temperature sensitive induction of apoptosis seen in aPKCts/aPKCk06403 third instar larval wing discs at the semi-permissive temperature (28[o]C). However, this suppression does not occur at the restrictive temperature (30[o]C).
raps193 dominantly suppresses the abdominal dorsal closure defects seen in aPKCts/aPKCk06403 mutant flies at the semi-permissive temperature (28[o]C). However, this suppression did not occur at the restrictive temperature (30[o]C).
aPKCk06403/+ suppresses the increased number of type II neuroblasts and intermediate neural progenitor cells seen in l(2)gl334/l(2)gl3644 larval brains.
armF1α; aPKCk06403 double mutants maintain some apical-basal polarity patterning, and while cell shapes are somewhat disrupted, cells appear to align in rows.
armF1α; sggM11; aPKCk06403 triple mutants exhibit significant denticle and cell disruption. Specifically, proper cell shapes and cell alignment are lost, and instead of organization into even rows, cells curved and formed denticle swirls.
The neuroblast overgrowth phenotype seen in Zif1L15 mutant clones is significantly suppressed in a aPKCk06403 heterozygous background.
aPKCk06403, zip1 double mutants display a prominent dorsal hoe merged with a large head hole indicating enhancement of the zip1 embryonic phenotype. par-6Δ226, zip1, aPKCk06403 triple mutants show similar enhancement.
The cuticle phenotype of dead embryos derived from baz4/+ embryos derived from a cross of baz4/+ females to wild-type males is enhanced if the females also carry one copy of aPKCk06403.
Hyperplasia in adult Malpighian tubule clones expressing Ras85DV12.Scer\UAS (using the MARCM system, under the control of Scer\GAL80αTub84B.PL and Scer\GAL4Scer\FRT.Act5C) is not suppressed by making them also mutant for aPKCk06403.
Larval twsj11C8 mutant clones in an aPKCk06403/+ background contain an intermediate number of neuroblasts per clone, partially rescuing the single cell twsj11C8 clone phenotype.
The third instar optic lobe of twsj11C8/Df(3R)Exel6265 in a aPKCk06403/+ background have a partially reduced number of optic lobe neuroblasts, partially rescuing the twsj11C8/Df(3R)Exel6265 phenotype.
The giant fiber axon defects seen in adults expressing GlΔ.Scer\UAS under the control of Scer\GAL4A307 are partially suppressed by aPKCk06403/+.
The reduced size seen in l(2)gl4 L3 larval neuroblasts is not suppressed by aPKCk06403/aPKCk06403 and may in fact be slightly enhanced. l(2)gl334 aPKCk06403/l(2)gl334 + larvae exhibit essentially normal leg and wing imaginal disc morphology including disc size, columnar cell shape and an approximately normal apical membrane domain, at the early third instar stage. The increase in L3 larval brain volume seen in l(2)gl334/l(2)gl4 animals is partially suppressed by aPKCk06403/+. The increase in neuroblast number seen in homozygous l(2)gl334 third larval instar brains is partially suppressed by aPKCk06403/+. aPKCk06403 heterozygosity cannot suppress the l(2)gl4 "small neuroblast" phenotype.
aPKCk06403 is rescued by Scer\GAL4da.G32/aPKCΔN.UAS
aPKCk06403 is rescued by aPKCUAS.cBa/Scer\GAL4da.G32
aPKCk06403 is rescued by aPKCS330A.T422A.UAS/Scer\GAL4da.G32
I. Kiss.
Excision of the P{lacW} element can revert the lethality of aPKCk06403, indicating that the P{lacW} insertion is responsible for the aPKCk06403 phenotype.