Blocking protein synthesis (using Rcom\RA[cs2.UAS] at 30[o]C) for the full 24 h, or the 4-16 h interval, but not shorter intervals beginning at the 4 h timepoint, nor other 12 h intervals, between spaced, but not massed, training and testing in Scer\GAL4^VT044170 neurons, significantly impairs aversive olfactory long term memory in adults, compared to controls; there is no effect when protein synthesis is instead blocked for 24 h prior to training.

Blocking protein synthesis (using Rcom\RA[cs2.UAS] at 30[o]C) for the full 24 h between spaced training and testing in the combined set of Scer\GAL4^VT044170 neurons and Scer\GAL4^BG01228 neurons, or Scer\GAL4^VT044170 neurons and Scer\GAL4^VT016811 neurons, or Scer\GAL4^VT044170 neurons, Scer\GAL4^BG01228 neurons and Scer\GAL4^VT016811 neurons, significantly impairs aversive olfactory long term memory in adults, compared to controls, with similar effect sizes, which are similar to effect sizes seen with any single-driver set alone.

Acute inhibition of endocytosis (using shi^1.UAS at 32[o]C) in Scer\GAL4^VT044170 neurons during testing, 24 h after spaced, but not massed, training significantly impairs aversive olfactory long term memory in adults, compared to controls; this effect is not seen when inhibition occurs during training instead; there is no effect of this inhibition on short term memory.