FB2021_02, released April 13, 2021

Gene: Dmel\CG31221

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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\CG31221
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
Annotation Symbol
CG31221
Feature Type
protein_coding_gene
FlyBase ID
FBgn0051221
Gene Model Status
Current
Stock Availability
8 publicly available
Gene Summary
Contribute a Gene Snapshot for this gene.
All Summaries
Also Known As

anon- EST:Posey251

Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
92A3-92A5
Sequence location
3R:19,412,689..19,460,311 [+]
Recombination map
3-66
RefSeq locus
NT_033777 REGION:19412689..19460311
Sequence
Get Decorated FASTA
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
NCBI
UCSC
Ensembl
PopFly
Function
GO Summary Ribbons
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (0 terms)
Molecular Function (0 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (0 terms)
Biological Process (0 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (0 terms)
Cellular Component (0 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (0 terms)
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
-
Protein Signatures (InterPro)
Summaries
Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
3
Number of Unique Polypeptides
2

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\CG31221 for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Comments on Gene Model

Stop-codon suppression (UGA) postulated; FBrf0216884.

Gene model reviewed during 5.44

Gene model reviewed during 5.49

Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
gene_with_stop_codon_read_through
(Jungreis et al., 2011)
nuclear_gene
protein_coding_gene
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
CG31221-RA
FBtr0083762
NM_169860
4352
219
CG31221-RB
FBtr0083763
NM_169861
1633
219
CG31221-RC
FBtr0330030
NM_001275800
4352
254
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
RefSeq ID
GenBank
CG31221-PA
FBpp0083176
24.3
219
6.13
NP_732424
AAF55669
CG31221-PB
FBpp0083177
24.3
219
6.13
NP_732425
AAF55671
CG31221-PC
FBpp0303063
28.2
254
5.95
NP_001262729
AGB96109
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

The group(s) of polypeptides indicated below share identical sequence to each other.

219 aa isoforms: CG31221-PA, CG31221-PB
Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Nucleotide / Polypeptide Records
 
UniProt
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\CG31221 using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
Linkouts
Expression Data
Expression Summary Ribbons
Colored tiles in ribbon indicate that expression data has been curated by FlyBase for that anatomical location. Colorless tiles indicate that there is no curated data for that location.
For complete stage-specific expression data, view the modENCODE Development RNA-Seq section under High-Throughput Expression below.
Transcript Expression
Polypeptide Expression
mass spectroscopy
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
adult stage
adult head
• membrane
(Aradska et al., 2015)
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

GBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\CG31221 in GBrowse 2
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Bulk Downloads
RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
Images
FlyExpress - Embryonic expression images (BDGP data)
  • Stages(s) 4-6
  • Stages(s) 11-12
  • Stages(s) 13-16
FlyBase Wiki
Image Based Resources
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 6 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 3 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of CG31221
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of CG31221
Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 0 )
Inferred from experimentation ( 0 )
Inferred from location ( 0 )
Phenotypes
For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.
Lethality
Allele
viable
Sterility
Allele
fertile
Phenotype manifest in
Allele
Orthologs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Orthologs
Download All OrthoDB Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0)
Homo sapiens (Human) (1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
Isobase
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
RoundUp
TreeFam
ZFIN
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Hsap\LRP1B
1 of 15
Yes
No
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0)
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (0)
No records found.
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (0)
No records found.
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (0)
No records found.
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (0)
No records found.
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (1)
Cele\F58H1.7
12 of 15
Yes
Yes
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (0)
No records found.
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (0)
No records found.
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (0)
No records found.
Ortholog(s) in Drosophila Species (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG09190E7J )
Organism
Common Name
Gene
AAA Syntenic Ortholog
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Drosophila suzukii
Spotted wing Drosophila
Dsuz\DS10_00012078
Drosophila simulans
Dsim\GD19292
Drosophila sechellia
Dsec\GM26843
Drosophila erecta
Dere\GG23328
Drosophila yakuba
Dyak\GE25607
Drosophila ananassae
Dana\GF16553
Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura
Dpse\GA16102
Drosophila persimilis
Dper\GL12652
Drosophila willistoni
Dwil\GK13815
Drosophila virilis
Dvir\GJ22724
Drosophila mojavensis
Dmoj\GI23103
Drosophila grimshawi
Dgri\GH22296
Orthologs in non-Drosophila Dipterans (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG09150B2B )
Organism
Common Name
Gene
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Musca domestica
House fly
Mdoa\17005507
Glossina morsitans
Tsetse fly
Gmor\GMOY010557
Mayetiola destructor
Hessian fly
Mdes\Mdes002262
Aedes aegypti
Yellow fever mosquito
Aaeg\AAEL012352
Anopheles darlingi
American malaria mosquito
Adar\ADAC001058
Anopheles gambiae
Malaria mosquito
Agam\AGAP010260
Culex quinquefasciatus
Southern house mosquito
Cqui\CPIJ018364
Orthologs in non-Dipteran Insects (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG090W0E4R )
Organism
Common Name
Gene
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Bombyx mori
Silkmoth
Bmor\BGIBMGA010065
Danaus plexippus
Monarch butterfly
Dple\DPOGS209070-PA
Heliconius melpomene
Postman butterfly
Hmel\HMEL015008
Apis florea
Little honeybee
Aflo\2338456004
Apis mellifera
Western honey bee
Amel\GB45263
Bombus impatiens
Common eastern bumble bee
Bimp\BIMP18340
Bombus terrestris
Buff-tailed bumblebee
Bter\15212577
Linepithema humile
Argentine ant
Lhum\LH20917
Megachile rotundata
Alfalfa leafcutting bee
Mrot\MROTU:00010c
Nasonia vitripennis
Parasitic wasp
Nvit\Nasvi2EG005799
Dendroctonus ponderosae
Mountain pine beetle
Dpod\YQE_02491
Tribolium castaneum
Red flour beetle
Tcas\TC004766
Pediculus humanus
Human body louse
Phum\PHUM492610
Rhodnius prolixus
Kissing bug
Rpro\RPRC000351
Cimex lectularius
Bed bug
Clec\CLEC007339
Acyrthosiphon pisum
Pea aphid
Apim\ACYPI001879
Zootermopsis nevadensis
Nevada dampwood termite
Znev\Znev_17508
Orthologs in non-Insect Arthropods (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG090X0E3B )
Organism
Common Name
Gene
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Strigamia maritima
European centipede
Smar\SMAR004525
Ixodes scapularis
Black-legged tick
Isca\ISCW016918
Stegodyphus mimosarum
African social velvet spider
Smim\KFM69845.1
Tetranychus urticae
Two-spotted spider mite
Turt\tetur01g03800
Daphnia pulex
Water flea
Dpux\DAPPUDRAFT_319571
Orthologs in non-Arthropod Metazoa (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG091G0LPF )
Organism
Common Name
Gene
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Strongylocentrotus purpuratus
Purple sea urchin
Spur\Sp-Hypp_2450
Paralogs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v8.0)
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (0)
No records found.
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
    Disease Model Summary Ribbon
    Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
    Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 0 )
    Human Ortholog
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Interaction
    References
    Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0 and OMIM)
    Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
    Homo sapiens (Human)
    Gene name
    Score
    OMIM
    OMIM Phenotype
    DO term
    Complementation?
    Transgene?
    Functional Complementation Data
    Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
    Interactions
    Summary of Physical Interactions
    esyN Network Diagram
    Interactions Browser
    Summary of Genetic Interactions
    esyN Network Diagram
    Starting gene(s)
    Interaction type
    Interacting gene(s)
    Reference
    Starting gene(s)
    Interaction type
    Interacting gene(s)
    Reference
    External Data
    Linkouts
    DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
    Pathways
    Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
    Metabolic Pathways
    External Data
    Linkouts
    Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
    Chromosome (arm)
    3R
    Recombination map
    3-66
    Cytogenetic map
    92A3-92A5
    Sequence location
    3R:19,412,689..19,460,311 [+]
    FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
    Cytogenetic map
    Evidence for location
    92A3-92A5
    Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{EP}EP650 and P{PZ}l(3)1058510585
    Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
    Cytogenetic map
    Notes
    References
    Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
    Location

    3-66

    (FlyBase, 2016)

    3-68.0

    (Comeron et al., 2012)
    Left of (cM)
    Right of (cM)
    Notes
    Stocks and Reagents
    Stocks (8)
    Genomic Clones (39)
    cDNA Clones (354)
     

    Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

    cDNA clones, fully sequenced
    BDGP DGC clones
    Other clones
    Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

    For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

    cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
    BDGP DGC clones
    Other clones
    RNAi and Array Information
    Linkouts
    DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
    GenomeRNAi - A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents
    Antibody Information
    Laboratory Generated Antibodies
     
    Commercially Available Antibodies
     
    Other Information
    Relationship to Other Genes
    Source for database identify of
    Source for database merge of

    Source for merge of: CG31221 anon- EST:Posey251

    (FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2005)

    Source for merge of: CG31221 BcDNA:GH25289

    (FlyBase, 1996-)

    Source for merge of: CG11625 CG7237

    (FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2002-2003)
    Additional comments

    Annotations CG11625 and CG7237 merged as CG31221 in release 3 of the genome annotation.

    (FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2002-2003)

    Source for merge of CG31221 BcDNA:GH25289 was a shared cDNA ( date:030728 ).

    (FlyBase, 1996-)
    Other Comments
    Origin and Etymology
    Discoverer
    Etymology
    Identification
    External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 39 )
    Sequence Crossreferences
    NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
    GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
    GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
    RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
    UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
    Other crossreferences
    BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
    Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
    Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
    Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
    Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
    GenomeRNAi - A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents
    iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)
    InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
    KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
    modMine - A data warehouse for the modENCODE project
    Linkouts
    DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
    DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
    FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies
    FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
    FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
    FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics
    Synonyms and Secondary IDs (5)
    Reported As
    Symbol Synonym
    BcDNA:GH25289
    CG11625
    CG31221
    (Wilson et al., 2020, Yanagawa et al., 2020, Donde et al., 2019, Shimaji et al., 2016, Ashwal-Fluss et al., 2014, Jungreis et al., 2011, Ni et al., 2010.12.1, Hazelett et al., 2009, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5)
    CG7237
    (Robertson, 2001.7.7)
    anon-EST:Posey251
    (Ashburner, 2004.6.30)
    Name Synonyms
    Secondary FlyBase IDs
    • FBgn0027710
    • FBgn0038707
    • FBgn0040570
    • FBgn0064956
    Datasets (0)
    Study focus (0)
    Experimental Role
    Project
    Project Type
    Title
    References (32)