FB2026_01 , released March 12, 2026
FB2026_01 , released March 12, 2026
Gene: Dmel\sno
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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\sno
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
strawberry notch
Annotation Symbol
CG44436
Feature Type
FlyBase ID
FBgn0265630
Gene Model Status
Stock Availability
Gene Summary
strawberry notch (sno) encodes a nuclear protein that functions in Notch signaling pathway during imaginal disc development. In the developing eye imaginal disc, the product of sno functions downstream of RTK signaling to regulate the expression of the products of N and Delta in the specification of cone and pigment cells. [Date last reviewed: 2019-09-26] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)
Also Known As

g-l, glossy-like

Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
Sequence location
Recombination map
1-42
RefSeq locus
NC_004354 REGION:13195499..13211674
Sequence
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
Function
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (10 terms)
Molecular Function (2 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000295173
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000295173
Biological Process (7 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (6 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
inferred from mutant phenotype
inferred from mutant phenotype
inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:H; FB:FBgn0001169
inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:Su(H); FB:FBgn0004837
inferred from mutant phenotype
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR026741
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000295173
Cellular Component (1 term)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in nucleus
inferred from direct assay
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
is_active_in nucleus
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000295173
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
Belongs to the SBNO family. (A8JUV0)
Summaries
Gene Snapshot
strawberry notch (sno) encodes a nuclear protein that functions in Notch signaling pathway during imaginal disc development. In the developing eye imaginal disc, the product of sno functions downstream of RTK signaling to regulate the expression of the products of N and Delta in the specification of cone and pigment cells. [Date last reviewed: 2019-09-26]
Pathway (FlyBase)
POSITIVE REGULATORS OF NOTCH SIGNALING PATHWAY -
The Notch receptor signaling pathway is activated by the binding of the transmembrane receptor Notch (N) to transmembrane ligands, Dl or Ser, presented on adjacent cells. This results in the proteolytic cleavage of N, releasing the intracellular domain (NICD). NICD translocates into the nucleus, interacting with Su(H) and mam to form a transcription complex, which up-regulates transcription of Notch-responsive genes. Positive regulators of the pathway enhance the signal from the sending cell or the response in the receiving cell. (Adapted from FBrf0225731 and FBrf0192604).
Protein Function (UniProtKB)
Notch pathway component, may contribute to the specificity between lateral and inductive Notch signaling pathways in the wing disk. Required during many developmental stages including oogenesis, embryogenesis and imaginal development of the eye, wing and leg. Ebi and sno regulate EGFR-dependent Delta transcription in the developing eye, by antagonizing a repressor function of Suppressor of Hairless (Su(H)). They are required in the R-cells for normal cone cell development.
(UniProt, A8JUV0)
Phenotypic Description (Red Book; Lindsley and Zimm 1992)
sno: strawberry notch
Males and females homozygous for viable alleles have notched wings, thickened, Confluens-like wing veins with deltas at the junctions of the longitudinal veins and the margins, extra hairs on thorax and wings, shortened tarsal segments, and roughened, shiny bright, somewhat mottled eyes, closely resembling fag. All macrochaetae thin and delicate. Phenotype almost completely suppressed by euchromatic duplications of the Notch locus, e.g., Dp(1;2)51b = Dp(1;2)3C1-2;3D6-7;52E. Insertions into heterochromatin, e.g., w+Y, are less effective in suppression. fa sno males and fa sno/+ sno females have exaggerated phenotypes and are semilethal; spl sno less extreme. sno1 does not survive when raised at 29 or in RpII215Ubl/+ genotypes; exhibits slight dominance in trans heterozygotes with RpII215Ubl (Mortin and Lefevre, 1981, Chromosoma 82: 237-47).
sno3
No survivors at 17; short fine bristles at 25. Females become sterile when held at 17.
sno4
No survivors at 17; normal at 25. Females become sterile when held at 17.
sno6
Survivors of development at 17 have, in addition to the phenotype described above, reduced or absent ocelli, dark head, small trident, and underdeveloped legs; phenotype normal when raised at 25. Females become sterile when held at 17.
Summary (Interactive Fly)

nuclear protein in the Notch pathway - An EGFR/Ebi/Sno pathway promotes delta expression by inactivating Su(H)/SMRTER repression during inductive Notch signaling.

Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
2
Number of Unique Polypeptides
2

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\sno for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Structure
Protein 3D structure   (Predicted by AlphaFold)   (AlphaFold entry A8JUV0)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.
Model Confidence:
  • Very high (pLDDT > 90)
  • Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
  • Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
  • Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures
Crossreferences
Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.51

Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.

Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
FBtr0340488
5997
1547
FBtr0340489
6315
1653
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)

5.756 (longest cDNA)

Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
UniProt
RefSeq ID
GenBank
FBpp0309424
170.3
1547
8.48
FBpp0309425
180.4
1653
8.63
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

None of the polypeptides share 100% sequence identity.

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)
Comments
External Data
Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)

Interacts with vg for function in the wing disk. Interacts with Su(H) for function in the eye disk.

(UniProt, A8JUV0)
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\sno using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
Linkouts
Expression Data
Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

1.57

Transcript Expression
in situ
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
immunolocalization
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
mass spectroscopy
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
Additional Descriptive Data

sno protein is first detected in nuclei at the syncytial blastoderm stage. At the cellular blastoderm stage, it is detected in all nuclei except for the pole cells. At gastrulation, sno protein is detected transiently in mesodermal precursors but shuts off as soon as they invaginate. At stage 8, a higher level of sno protein is observed in the midline cell precursors than in the surrounding epidermal cells. Between stages 11 and 14, high levels are seen uniformly throughout the epidermis. By stage 16, high levels of expression are estricted to the CNS. In larvae, sno protein is expressed in all of the imaginal discs. It is ubiquitous in leg discs but is present at a higher level in the central tarsal region. It is also present in all cells of the wing and eye discs. During oogenesis, sno protein is detected in follicle cell nuclei but not in nurse cell or oocyte nuclei.

Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in nucleus
inferred from direct assay
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\sno in JBrowse
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
Images
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 24 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 8 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of sno
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of sno
Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 10 )
Variants
Variant Molecular Consequences
Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
Phenotypes
For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.
Lethality
Allele
Sterility
Allele
Other Phenotypes
Allele
Phenotype manifest in
Allele
microchaeta & leg
microchaeta & thorax
Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Homo sapiens (Human) (2)
12 of 14
Yes
Yes
8 of 14
No
Yes
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (2)
11 of 14
Yes
Yes
9 of 14
No
No
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (2)
11 of 14
Yes
Yes
8 of 14
No
Yes
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (3)
11 of 13
Yes
Yes
4 of 13
No
Yes
2 of 13
No
No
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (3)
12 of 14
Yes
Yes
8 of 14
No
Yes
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (1)
12 of 14
Yes
Yes
Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (1)
11 of 12
Yes
Yes
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (1)
11 of 13
Yes
Yes
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (0)
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (0)
Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)
Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)
Data provided directly from OrthoDB:sno. Refer to their site for version information.
Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (1)
10 of 13
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
    Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
    Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 0 )
    Human Ortholog
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Interaction
    References
    Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)
    Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
    Homo sapiens (Human)
    Gene name
    Score
    OMIM
    OMIM Phenotype
    DO term
    Complementation?
    Transgene?
    Functional Complementation Data
    Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
    Interactions
    Summary of Physical Interactions
    Interaction Browsers

    Please see the Physical Interaction reports below for full details
    RNA-protein
    Physical Interaction
    Assay
    References
    Summary of Genetic Interactions
    Interaction Browsers

    Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions
    Starting gene(s)
    Interaction type
    Interacting gene(s)
    Reference
    Starting gene(s)
    Interaction type
    Interacting gene(s)
    Reference
    External Data
    Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)
    Interacts with vg for function in the wing disk. Interacts with Su(H) for function in the eye disk.
    (UniProt, A8JUV0 )
    Linkouts
    DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
    MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
    Pathways
    Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
    Metabolic Pathways
    FlyBase
    External Links
    External Data
    Linkouts
    Class of Gene
    Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
    Chromosome (arm)
    X
    Recombination map
    1-42
    Cytogenetic map
    Sequence location
    FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
    Cytogenetic map
    Evidence for location
    11E3-11E3
    Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{EP}EP1461 and P{EP}CG1640EP1626
    Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
    Cytogenetic map
    Notes
    References
    Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
    Notes

    sno is located less than a map unit to the left of wy.

    Mapping based on sno4; 1-41.4 when mapping based on sno.

    Stocks and Reagents
    Stocks (9)
    Genomic Clones (14)
     

    Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

    cDNA Clones (58)
     

    Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

    cDNA clones, fully sequenced
    BDGP DGC clones
    Other clones
      Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

      For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

      cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
      RNAi and Array Information
      Linkouts
      Antibody Information
      Laboratory Generated Antibodies
       
      Commercially Available Antibodies
       
      Cell Line Information
      Publicly Available Cell Lines
       
        Other Stable Cell Lines
         
          Other Comments

          sno and ebi play a key role in linking the activation of the Egfr pathway to the expression of Dl in R cells by inactivation of Su(H)-mediated repression.

          sno is a downstream component of the N signalling pathway and is important for the specification of the wing dorsal/ventral organiser. sno has no role in lateral inhibition suggesting that it may contribute to the specificity between lateral and inductive N signalling pathways.

          The sno gene product is required during oogenesis, embryogenesis and disc morphogenesis of the eye, wing and leg. The sno gene product functions in the N signaling system.

          sno lies within a 200bp genomic walk bridging P{white-un4}BE1305 and wy.

          Duplication of N rescue most of the mutant sno phenotypes. This suggests that the sno gene either has a function that is similar to N or that sno is somehow involved in enhancing N function.

          The sno gene product is required during embryogenesis and oogenesis and for the development of the eye, wing and leg, and may act via pathways that involve the N product.

          Males and females homozygous for viable alleles have notched wings, thickened, Confluens-like wing veins with deltas at the junctions of the longitudinal veins and the margins, extra hairs on thorax and wings, shortened tarsal segments, and roughened, shiny bright, somewhat mottled eyes, closely resembling Nfa-g. All macrochaetae thin and delicate. Phenotype almost completely suppressed by euchromatic duplications of the Notch locus, e.g., Dp(1;2)51b. Insertions into heterochromatin, e.g., w+Y, are less effective in suppression. "fa" sno males and "fa" sno/+ sno females have exaggerated phenotypes and are semi-lethal; "spl" sno less extreme.

          Relationship to Other Genes
          Source for database merge of
          Additional comments

          Annotation CG1903 split into CG44436 (corresponds to sno) and CG44437 in release 5.51 of the genome annotation. Split based on RNA-seq data and BLAST data supporting a separate gene in the intron of sno.

          Nomenclature History
          Source for database identify of

          Source for identity of: sno CG1903

          Nomenclature comments
          Etymology
          Synonyms and Secondary IDs (10)
          Datasets (0)
          Study focus (0)
          Experimental Role
          Project
          Project Type
          Title
          Study result (0)
          Result
          Result Type
          Title
          External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 44 )
          Sequence Crossreferences
          NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
          GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
          GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
          RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
          UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.
          UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
          Other crossreferences
          AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.
          DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
          EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
          FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
          KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
          MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)
          Linkouts
          Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
          DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
          Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
          FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
          FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
          Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
          iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)
          Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution
          MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
          References (99)