FlyBase Allele Report: Dmel\sqd[1]

General Information

Symbol

Dmel\sqd¹

Species

D. melanogaster

Name

FlyBase ID

FBal0035696

Feature type

allele

Associated gene

Dmel\sqd

Associated Insertion(s)

P{ry11}sqd¹

Carried in Construct

Key Links

Allele class

hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence

Mutagen

P-element activity

Nature of the Allele

Allele class

hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence

(Norvell et al., 2005)

Mutagen

P-element activity

(Kelley, 1993)

Progenitor genotype

Associated Insertion(s)

P{ry11}sqd¹

Cytology

Description

Mutation affecting a germ-line promoter.

(Norvell et al., 1999)

Mutations Mapped to the Genome

Curation Data

Type

Location

Additional Notes

References

Variant Molecular Consequences

Associated Sequence Data

DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank

DNA sequence

Protein sequence

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Expression Data

Reporter Expression

Additional Information

Statement

Reference

Marker for

Reflects expression of

Reporter construct used in assay

Human Disease Associations

Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Disease

Evidence

References

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Disease

Interaction

References

Comments on Models/Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Disease-implicated variant(s)

Phenotypic Data

Phenotypic Class

female sterile

(Kelley, 1993)

female sterile (with sqd^ix50)

(Kelley, 1993)

female sterile (with sqd^ix77)

(Kelley, 1993)

Phenotype Manifest In

dorsal appendage

(Norvell et al., 1999, Kelley, 1993)

dorsal appendage (with sqd^K12)

(Goodrich et al., 2004)

egg (with sqd^K12)

(Goodrich et al., 2004)

egg | maternal effect | ventral

(Norvell et al., 2005)

egg chorion

(Norvell et al., 1999)

egg chorion (with sqd^K12)

(Goodrich et al., 2004)

egg operculum (with sqd^K12)

(Goodrich et al., 2004)

nurse cell & nuclear chromosome

(Goodrich et al., 2004)

oocyte

(Steinhauer and Kalderon, 2005)

oocyte (with sqd^j4B4)

(Steinhauer and Kalderon, 2005)

Detailed Description

Statement

Reference

Eggs laid by females homozygous for sqd¹ display severe dorsal-ventral patterning defects, they are strongly dorsalised and are not fertilised. Embryos from sqd¹ females expressing the sqd^S transgene, show distinct anterior-posterior patterning defects characterised by head defects and deletion of anterior structures. Cuticle preparations from sqd^S ; sqd¹/Df(3R)urd females exhibit a range of anterior defects. These embryos do not have posterior patterning defects, as they all have the correct number of abdominal segments. Embryos from sqd¹ females expressing the sqd^A isoform do not show these anterior patterning defects, nor do they have posterior group phenotypes, indicating that the sqd^A can at least partially rescue the dorsal-ventral patterning defects of sqd¹ embryos.

(Norvell et al., 2005)

sqd¹ escaper females produce oocytes with an AP polarity defect at a 43% penetrance; sqd^j4B4/sqd¹ clones show the same phenotype at a 65% penetrance.

(Steinhauer and Kalderon, 2005)

Of the eggs laid by sqd¹/sqd^K12 transheterozygotes, around 50 % exhibit some degree of dorsalisation: the least affected have widely spaced dorsal appendage and an enlarged operculum; intermediately affected have a single broad appendage that spans at least the width of the normal appendages; severely affected (<5%) have a crown of appendage material that surrounds the anterior circumference of the egg. In sqd¹/sqd¹ females, nurse cell chromosomes fail to disperse after stage 6, but instead arrest in the blob like conformation typical at stage 6 of oogenesis.

(Goodrich et al., 2004)

Homozygous females produce dorsalised eggs which have dorsal appendage material expanding to the ventral side of the eggshell and which lack the dorsal midline cells (which are normally found between the dorsal appendages).

(Norvell et al., 1999)

Embryos are strongly dorsalised. Hemizygotes are female sterile.

(Kelley, 1993)

External Data

Linkouts

Interactions

Show genetic interaction network for Enhancers & Suppressors

Phenotypic Class

Phenotype Manifest In

Enhanced by

Statement

Reference

sqd¹/sqd^K12 has egg chorion phenotype, enhanceable by Hrb27C¹⁰²⁸⁰/Hrb27C^k16203

(Goodrich et al., 2004)

sqd¹/sqd^K12 has dorsal appendage phenotype, enhanceable by Hrb27C¹⁰²⁸⁰/Hrb27C^k16203

(Goodrich et al., 2004)

sqd¹/sqd^K12 has egg operculum phenotype, enhanceable by Hrb27C¹⁰²⁸⁰/Hrb27C^k10413

(Goodrich et al., 2004)

sqd¹/sqd^K12 has egg phenotype, enhanceable by Hrb27C¹⁰²⁸⁰/Hrb27C^k10413

(Goodrich et al., 2004)

sqd¹/sqd^K12 has egg operculum phenotype, enhanceable by Hrb27C¹⁰²⁸⁰/Hrb27C^k16203

(Goodrich et al., 2004)

sqd¹/sqd^K12 has egg phenotype, enhanceable by Hrb27C¹⁰²⁸⁰/Hrb27C^k16203

(Goodrich et al., 2004)

sqd¹/sqd^K12 has egg chorion phenotype, enhanceable by Hrb27C³⁷⁷/Hrb27C⁰²⁶⁴⁷

(Goodrich et al., 2004)

sqd¹/sqd^K12 has dorsal appendage phenotype, enhanceable by Hrb27C³⁷⁷/Hrb27C⁰²⁶⁴⁷

(Goodrich et al., 2004)

sqd¹/sqd^K12 has egg operculum phenotype, enhanceable by Hrb27C³⁷⁷/Hrb27C⁰²⁶⁴⁷

(Goodrich et al., 2004)

sqd¹/sqd^K12 has egg phenotype, enhanceable by Hrb27C³⁷⁷/Hrb27C⁰²⁶⁴⁷

(Goodrich et al., 2004)

sqd¹/sqd^K12 has egg chorion phenotype, enhanceable by Hrb27C¹⁰²⁸⁰/Hrb27C^k10413

(Goodrich et al., 2004)

sqd¹/sqd^K12 has dorsal appendage phenotype, enhanceable by Hrb27C¹⁰²⁸⁰/Hrb27C^k10413

(Goodrich et al., 2004)

Suppressed by

Statement

Reference

sqd¹ has nurse cell & nuclear chromosome phenotype, suppressible by otu¹⁰⁴

(Goodrich et al., 2004)

Other

Statement

Reference

Hrb27C¹⁰²⁸⁰/Hrb27C^k16203, sqd¹/sqd^K12 has nurse cell & nuclear chromosome phenotype

(Goodrich et al., 2004)

Hrb27C¹⁰²⁸⁰/Hrb27C^k10413, sqd¹/sqd^K12 has nurse cell & nuclear chromosome phenotype

(Goodrich et al., 2004)

Additional Comments

Genetic Interactions

Statement

Reference

Dorsalisation of the eggs laid by sqd¹/sqd^K12 transheterozygotes is enhanced by Hrb27C¹⁰²⁸⁰/Hrb27C^k16203, so that >98% show some degree of dorsalisation, and by Hrb27C¹⁰²⁸⁰/Hrb27C^k10413 or Hrb27C⁰²⁶⁴⁷/Hrb27C³⁷⁷, so that 100% show some degree of dorsalisation. In sqd¹/sqd^K12; Hrb27C¹⁰²⁸⁰/Hrb27C^k10413 and sqd¹/sqd^K12; Hrb27C¹⁰²⁸⁰/Hrb27C^k16203 females, nurse cell chromosomes fail to disperse after stage 6, but instead arrest in the blob like conformation typical at stage 6 of oogenesis. otu¹⁰⁴ suppresses the penetrance of the chromosome morphology phenotype of sqd¹ homozygous nurse cells from 98% to 17% (1 copy) or 8% (2 copies) of egg chambers.

(Goodrich et al., 2004)

Xenogenetic Interactions

Statement

Reference

Complementation and Rescue Data

Partially rescued by

sqd¹ is partially rescued by sqd^A

(Norvell et al., 2005)

sqd¹ is partially rescued by sqd^A

(Goodrich et al., 2004)

sqd¹ is partially rescued by sqd^B

(Goodrich et al., 2004)

sqd¹ is partially rescued by sqd^S

(Goodrich et al., 2004)

sqd¹ is partially rescued by sqd^A

(Norvell et al., 1999)

sqd¹ is partially rescued by sqd^S

(Norvell et al., 1999)

Not rescued by

sqd¹ is not rescued by sqd^B

(Norvell et al., 2005)

sqd¹ is not rescued by sqd^S

(Norvell et al., 2005)

sqd¹ is not rescued by sqd^B

(Norvell et al., 1999)

Comments

Expression of the sqd^B isoform is not sufficient to rescue the sqd¹ dorsal-ventral patterning defects, such that the eggs remain unfertilised.

(Norvell et al., 2005)

The failure of chromosome dispersal after stage 6 in the nurse cells of sqd¹ homozygous females is reduced from 97% penetrance to 86% by 2Xsqd^A, 46% by 2Xsqd^B and 39% by 2Xsqd^S. Rescue is more effective when 2 isoforms are combined: sqd^A + sqd^B reduces penetrance to 4%, as does sqd^B + sqd^S; sqd^A + sqd^S reduces penetrance to 8%.

(Goodrich et al., 2004)

Images (0)

Mutant

Wild-type

Stocks (0)

Notes on Origin

Discoverer

Comments

Full fertility and normal polarity was restored by P-element excision by Jumpstart.

(Kelley, 1993)

External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 0 )

Synonyms and Secondary IDs (3)

Reported As

Symbol Synonym

Squid1

(Van De Bor et al., 2005)

sqd¹

(Davidson et al., 2016, Li et al., 2014, Jaramillo et al., 2008)

squid¹

(Davidson et al., 2016)

Name Synonyms

Secondary FlyBase IDs

References (12)

Report Sections

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