GliAE2Δ45 homozygous embryos exhibit diameter increases in their primary tracheal branches.
Epidermal cells within the abdominal segments of GliAE2Δ45 mutants are slightly taller and have a more uniformly columnar appearance than wild-type cells. Septate junction development, as assayed with cellular markers, appears abnormal in GliAE2Δ45 mutants. A number of defects in pleated septate junction (pSJ) structure are seen in the epidermis of GliAE2Δ45 mutant embryos; while the total number of septa at a cell-cell contact is statistically equivalent in wild-type and mutant embryos, there are more clusters containing fewer septa/cluster in the mutant embryos. pSJ defects at tricellular corners are also seen in these animals; pSJ septa are often absent at one or more bicellular contacts, in the region immediately flanking the tricellular channel (in contrast to wild type where septa are typically present at all bicellular contacts of a tricellular junction). In the GliAE2Δ45 mutant epidermis, large regions of delamination are observed in the basal portion of the lateral membrane domain of >30% of contacting cells, as opposed to 5% in wild-type. In addition, the gaps are of a smaller size in wild-type. Unlike wild-type, the epithelia of GliAE2Δ45 mutant salivary glands fail to exclude rhodamine-dextran dye injected into the hemocoel of approximately stage 17 embryos from the salivary gland lumen; the dye is able to pass between epithelial cells at multiple consecutive cell-cell contacts in the mutant embryos.
Peripheral glia do not completely wrap the peripheral axons.
GliAE2Δ45 is rescued by GliUAS.cPa/Scer\GAL4da.G32
GliAE2Δ45 is rescued by Scer\GAL4da.G32/GliDD.UAS
GliAE2Δ45 is rescued by GliFF.UAS/Scer\GAL4da.G32
GliAE2Δ45 is partially rescued by Scer\GAL4da.PU/GliUAS.cSa
GliAE2Δ45 is partially rescued by Scer\GAL4da.PU/GliUAS.Tag:HA
GliAE2Δ45 is partially rescued by Scer\GAL4da.PU/GliΔPDZ.UAS.Tag:HA
GliAE2Δ45 is partially rescued by GliUAS.cSa/Scer\GAL4da.G32
GliAE2Δ45 is not rescued by GliUAS.cSa/Scer\GAL4repo
Expression of GliScer\UAS.cPa under the control of Scer\GAL4da.G32 fully rescues the embryonic lethality of GliAE2Δ45 mutants. Rescued embryos develop into larvae, but the majority of these become paralysed and die. Adult escapers exhibit malformed legs and fail to inflate their wings.
Expression of GliDD.Scer\UAS under the control of Scer\GAL4da.G32 fully rescues the embryonic lethality of GliAE2Δ45 mutants. Rescued embryos develop into larvae, but the majority of these become paralysed and die. Adult escapers exhibit malformed legs and fail to inflate their wings.
Expression of GliFF.Scer\UAS under the control of Scer\GAL4da.G32 fully rescues the embryonic lethality of GliAE2Δ45 mutants. Rescued embryos develop into larvae, but the majority of these become paralysed and die. Adult escapers exhibit malformed legs and fail to inflate their wings.
Expression of GliScer\UAS.cSa under the control of Scer\GAL4da.PU fully rescues the embryonic lethality of GliAE2Δ45 homozygotes. 58% of the rescued adults have leg defects.
Expression of GliScer\UAS.T:Ivir\HA1 under the control of Scer\GAL4da.PU fully rescues the embryonic lethality of GliAE2Δ45 homozygotes. 50% of the rescued adults have leg defects.
Expression of GliΔPDZ.Scer\UAS.T:Ivir\HA1 under the control of Scer\GAL4da.PU fully rescues the embryonic lethality of GliAE2Δ45 homozygotes. 100% of the rescued adults have leg defects.
The GliAE2Δ45 mutant phenotype and lethality can be rescued by expression of GliScer\UAS.cSa under the regulation of Scer\GAL4da.G32. 78% of rescued embryos hatch and survive to adulthood. Rescued adults are fertile and can be maintained as a stable stock, however, 58% have severe leg defects. The metatarsus and tibia are typically bent at 45o toward the midline, and necrotic tissue is often present on the medial aspect of the limbs and limb joints. The lethality of homozygous GliAE2Δ45 mutants cannot be rescued by expression of GliScer\UAS.cSa under the regulation of the glial-specific driver Scer\GAL4repo.