FB2026_01 , released March 12, 2026
FB2026_01 , released March 12, 2026
Gene: Dmel\LeuRS
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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\LeuRS
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
Leucyl-tRNA synthetase
Annotation Symbol
CG33123
Feature Type
protein_coding_gene
FlyBase ID
FBgn0284253
Gene Model Status
Current
Stock Availability
8 publicly available
Enzyme Name (EC)
leucine--tRNA ligase (6.1.1.4)
Gene Summary
Contribute a Gene Snapshot for this gene.
All Summaries
Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
23F6-23F6
Sequence location
Recombination map
2-10
RefSeq locus
NT_033779 REGION:3510328..3514656
Sequence
Get Decorated FASTA
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
NCBI
UCSC
Ensembl
PopFly
Function
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (10 terms)
Molecular Function (5 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (5 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables aminoacyl-tRNA deacylase activity
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR009008
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
enables aminoacyl-tRNA ligase activity
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
enables ATP binding
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
enables leucine-tRNA ligase activity
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR004493
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
traceable author statement
(Lu et al., 2015)
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000236210
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
enables nucleotide binding
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
Biological Process (3 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in wound healing
inferred from high throughput mutant phenotype
(Campos et al., 2010)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in leucyl-tRNA aminoacylation
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR004493
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
traceable author statement
(Lu et al., 2015)
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000236210
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
involved_in tRNA aminoacylation for protein translation
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
Cellular Component (2 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
part_of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase multienzyme complex
inferred from direct assay
(Kerjan et al., 1994)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in cytoplasm
traceable author statement
(Lu et al., 2015)
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
-
Protein Signatures (InterPro)
Catalytic Activity (EC/Rhea)
leucine-tRNA ligase activity
tRNA(Leu) + L-leucine + ATP = L-leucyl-tRNA(Leu) + AMP + diphosphate (6.1.1.4)
RHEA 11688:
Summaries
Gene Group (FlyBase)
CYTOPLASMIC AMINOACYL-TRNA SYNTHETASES -
Cytoplasmic aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases catalyze the ligation of amino acids to their cognate tRNAs in the cytoplasm. (Adapted from FBrf0230668.)
AMINOACYL-TRNA EDITING HYDROLASES -
Aminoacyl-tRNA editing hydrolases catalyze the hydrolysis of an incorrectly aminoacylated tRNA.
Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
2
Number of Unique Polypeptides
1

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\LeuRS for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Structure
Protein 3D structure   (Predicted by AlphaFold)   (AlphaFold entry Q9VQR8)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.
Model Confidence:
  • Very high (pLDDT > 90)
  • Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
  • Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
  • Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures
Crossreferences
Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.46

Gene model reviewed during 5.56

Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
LeuRS-RA
FBtr0077562
NM_175954
3784
1182
LeuRS-RB
FBtr0345640
NM_001298660
3934
1182
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
UniProt
RefSeq ID
GenBank
LeuRS-PA
FBpp0077251
134.9
1182
7.69
Q9VQR8
NP_787968
AAF51096
LeuRS-PB
FBpp0311704
134.9
1182
7.69
Q9VQR8
NP_001285589
AHN54104
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

The group(s) of polypeptides indicated below share identical sequence to each other.

1182 aa isoforms: LeuRS-PA, LeuRS-PB
Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\LeuRS using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
Linkouts
Expression Data
Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

-0.55

Transcript Expression
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
mass spectroscopy
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
adult stage
adult head
(Aradska et al., 2015)
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
part_of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase multienzyme complex
inferred from direct assay
(Kerjan et al., 1994)
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\LeuRS in JBrowse
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Bulk Downloads
RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
Images
FlyBase Wiki
Image Based Resources
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 3 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 5 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of LeuRS
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of LeuRS
Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 1 )
Inferred from experimentation ( 1 )
Gene disrupted in
Df(2L)drm-P2
(Kahsai et al., 2016)
Inferred from location ( 3 )
Variants
Variant Molecular Consequences
Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
Phenotypes
Orthologs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Homo sapiens (Human) (4)
Hsap\LARS1
14 of 14
Yes
Yes
Hsap\IARS2
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\VARS1
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\VARS2
1 of 14
No
No
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (4)
Rnor\Lars1
14 of 14
Yes
Yes
Rnor\Iars1
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Lars2
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Vars2
1 of 14
No
No
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (4)
Mmus\Lars
13 of 14
Yes
Yes
Mmus\Iars2
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Iars
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Lars2
1 of 14
No
No
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (4)
Xtro\lars1
11 of 13
Yes
Yes
Xtro\iars2
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\pgq
1 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\rbfox2
1 of 13
No
No
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (5)
Drer\lars1b
13 of 14
Yes
Yes
Drer\LOC110440055
5 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\iars1
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\iars2
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\lars2
1 of 14
No
No
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (3)
Cele\lars-1
14 of 14
Yes
Yes
Cele\glp-4
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\vars-1
1 of 14
No
No
Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (6)
Agam\AgaP_AGAP008297
12 of 12
Yes
Yes
Agam\AgaP_AGAP002014
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP002101
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP003156
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP006624
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP010420
1 of 12
No
No
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (5)
Atha\AT1G09620
13 of 13
Yes
Yes
Atha\AT4G10320
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\EMB2247
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\EMB2369
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\TWN2
1 of 13
No
No
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (2)
Scer\CDC60
13 of 13
Yes
Yes
Scer\NAM2
1 of 13
No
No
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (4)
Spom\lrs1
12 of 12
Yes
Yes
Spom\irs1
1 of 12
No
No
Spom\SPAC4G8.09
1 of 12
No
No
Spom\SPCC18B5.08c
1 of 12
No
No
Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (3)
Ecol\ileS
1 of 11
Yes
No
Ecol\leuS
1 of 11
Yes
No
Ecol\valS
1 of 11
Yes
No
Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)
Data provided directly from OrthoDB:LeuRS. Refer to their site for version information.
Paralogs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Gene Symbol
Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (6)
IleRS
2 of 13
LeuRS-m
2 of 13
IleRS-m
1 of 13
MetRS
1 of 13
MetRS-m
1 of 13
ValRS
1 of 13
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
    Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
    Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 1 )
    Human Ortholog
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    LARS1; leucyl-tRNA synthetase 1
    model of  infantile liver failure syndrome 1
    IEA
    (FlyBase, 2019-)
    Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Interaction
    References
    Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)
    Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
    Homo sapiens (Human)
    Gene name
    Score
    OMIM
    OMIM Phenotype
    DO term
    Complementation?
    Transgene?
    LARS1; leucyl-tRNA synthetase 1
    14 of 14
    151350
    Functional Complementation Data
    Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
    Interactions
    Pathways
    Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
    Metabolic Pathways
    FlyBase
    External Links
    FlyCyc Pathways - Pathways from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
    KEGG Metabolic Pathways - A collection of manually drawn metabolic pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
    External Data
    Linkouts
    KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
    Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.
    Class of Gene
    Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
    Chromosome (arm)
    2L
    Recombination map
    2-10
    Cytogenetic map
    23F6-23F6
    Sequence location
    FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
    Cytogenetic map
    Evidence for location
    23F6-23F6
    Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{EP}ThorEP818&P{lacW}Thork07736 and P{PZ}oddrF111&P{PZ}for06860; Left limit from in situ hybridisation (FBrf0157097) Right limit from in situ hybridisation (FBrf0157097)
    Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
    Cytogenetic map
    Notes
    References
    23F4-23F6
    (Oh et al., 2003)
    Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
    Location

    2-10

    (FlyBase, 2016)

    2-8.7

    (Comeron et al., 2012)
    Left of (cM)
    Right of (cM)
    Notes
    Stocks and Reagents
    Stocks (8)
    Genomic Clones (17)
     

    Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

    cDNA Clones (57)
     

    Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

    cDNA clones, fully sequenced
    BDGP DGC clones
    Other clones
    Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

    For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

      cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
      BDGP DGC clones
      Other clones
      RNAi and Array Information
      Linkouts
      Antibody Information
      Laboratory Generated Antibodies
       
      Commercially Available Antibodies
       
      Cell Line Information
      Publicly Available Cell Lines
       
        Other Stable Cell Lines
         
          Other Comments

          1 allele of l(2)SH0501 recovered in a P-insertion screen.

          (Oh et al., 2003)
          Relationship to Other Genes
          Source for database merge of

          Source for merge of: CG3229 anon- EST:Posey266

          (Bayraktaroglu, 2000.11.2)

          Source for merge of: LeuRS l(2)SH0501

          (Kahsai et al., 2016)
          Additional comments

          Annotation CG3229 split into CG31954, CG33123 in release 3 of the genome annotation.

          (FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2002-2003)
          Nomenclature History
          Source for database identify of

          Source for identity of: LeuRS CG33123

          (Lu et al., 2015)
          Nomenclature comments
          Etymology
          Synonyms and Secondary IDs (8)
          Datasets (0)
          Study focus (0)
          Experimental Role
          Project
          Project Type
          Title
          Study result (0)
          Result
          Result Type
          Title
          External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 44 )
          Sequence Crossreferences
          NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
          GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
          GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
          RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
          UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.
          UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
          Other crossreferences
          AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.
          DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
          EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
          FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
          InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
          KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
          MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)
          Linkouts
          Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
          FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
          FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
          FlyCyc Pathways - Pathways from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
          Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
          iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)
          KEGG Metabolic Pathways - A collection of manually drawn metabolic pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
          KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
          MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
          Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.
          References (56)