FB2026_01 , released March 12, 2026
FB2026_01 , released March 12, 2026
Gene: Dmel\T48
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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\T48
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
Transcript 48
Annotation Symbol
CG5507
Feature Type
protein_coding_gene
FlyBase ID
FBgn0004359
Gene Model Status
Current
Stock Availability
11 publicly available
Gene Summary
Transcript 48 (T48) encodes a protein with a predicted signal peptide and a potential transmembrane domain. During gastrulation, the product of T48 contributes to apical constriction by recruitment of the Rho GEF encoded by RhoGEF2 to the apical cell membrane and functions downstream of the transcription factor encoded by twi. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-21] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)
All Summaries
Also Known As

anon-97D

Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
97D5-97D7
Sequence location
Recombination map
3-92
RefSeq locus
NT_033777 REGION:26881734..26910997
Sequence
Get Decorated FASTA
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
NCBI
UCSC
Ensembl
PopFly
Function
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (2 terms)
Molecular Function (0 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (0 terms)
Biological Process (1 term)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in ventral furrow formation
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Kolsch et al., 2007)
inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:cta; FB:FBgn0000384
(Kolsch et al., 2007)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (0 terms)
Cellular Component (1 term)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in apical plasma membrane
inferred from direct assay
(Kolsch et al., 2007)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (0 terms)
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
-
Protein Signatures (InterPro)
Summaries
Gene Snapshot
Transcript 48 (T48) encodes a protein with a predicted signal peptide and a potential transmembrane domain. During gastrulation, the product of T48 contributes to apical constriction by recruitment of the Rho GEF encoded by RhoGEF2 to the apical cell membrane and functions downstream of the transcription factor encoded by twi. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-21]
Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
2
Number of Unique Polypeptides
1

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\T48 for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Structure
Protein 3D structure   (Predicted by AlphaFold)   (AlphaFold entry Q9VBA5)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.
Model Confidence:
  • Very high (pLDDT > 90)
  • Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
  • Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
  • Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures
Crossreferences
Comments on Gene Model

Annotated transcripts do not represent all supported alternative splices within 5' UTR.

Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.

Gene model reviewed during 5.48

Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
T48-RA
FBtr0085065
NM_079798
2443
419
T48-RB
FBtr0336724
NM_001276070
2449
419
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
UniProt
RefSeq ID
GenBank
T48-PA
FBpp0084437
46.2
419
8.46
Q9VBA5
NP_524522
AAF56637
T48-PB
FBpp0307705
46.2
419
8.46
Q9VBA5
NP_001262999
AGB96379
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

The group(s) of polypeptides indicated below share identical sequence to each other.

419 aa isoforms: T48-PA, T48-PB
Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\T48 using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
Linkouts
Expression Data
Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

-0.68

Transcript Expression
in situ
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage 5
organism | ventral
(Gould et al., 1990)
mesoderm anlage
(Gould et al., 1990)
embryonic stage 14
epidermal cell of mesothoracic segment anterior compartment | dorso-lateral | ventro-lateral
(Gould et al., 1990)
epidermal cell of metathoracic segment anterior compartment | dorso-lateral | ventro-lateral
(Gould et al., 1990)
epidermal cell | subset of abdominal segment 2 anterior compartment | dorso-lateral | ventro-lateral
(Gould et al., 1990)
epidermal cell | subset of abdominal segment 3 anterior compartment | dorso-lateral | ventro-lateral
(Gould et al., 1990)
epidermal cell | subset of abdominal segment 4 anterior compartment | dorso-lateral | ventro-lateral
(Gould et al., 1990)
epidermal cell | subset of abdominal segment 5 anterior compartment | dorso-lateral | ventro-lateral
(Gould et al., 1990)
epidermal cell | subset of abdominal segment 6 anterior compartment | dorso-lateral | ventro-lateral
(Gould et al., 1990)
epidermal cell | subset of abdominal segment 7 anterior compartment | dorso-lateral | ventro-lateral
(Gould et al., 1990)
epidermal cell | subset of abdominal segment 8 anterior compartment | dorso-lateral | ventro-lateral
(Gould et al., 1990)
epidermal cell | subset of abdominal segment 9 anterior compartment | dorso-lateral | ventro-lateral
(Gould et al., 1990)
epidermal cell of prothoracic segment anterior compartment | dorso-lateral | ventro-lateral
(Gould et al., 1990)
epidermal cell | subset of abdominal segment 1 anterior compartment | dorso-lateral | ventro-lateral
(Gould et al., 1990)
Additional Descriptive Data

At embryonic stage 14, T48 transcript is expressed in the dorsolateral and ventrolateral epidermal cells of the anterior compartments of each segment from the prothoracic through the 9th abdominal segments.

(Gould et al., 1990)
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in apical plasma membrane
inferred from direct assay
(Kolsch et al., 2007)
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\T48 in JBrowse
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Bulk Downloads
RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
Images
FlyBase Wiki
Image Based Resources
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 16 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 11 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of T48
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of T48
Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 6 )
Variants
Variant Molecular Consequences
Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
Phenotypes
For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.
Lethality
Allele
viable
viable, with Dcr-2UAS.cDa, Scer\GAL4elav.PLu
viable, with Scer\GAL4Mef2.PR
viable, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237
Sterility
Allele
fertile
Other Phenotypes
Allele
abnormal pain response | adult stage, with Dcr-2UAS.cDa, Scer\GAL4elav.PLu
Phenotype manifest in
Allele
ventral furrow
Orthologs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Homo sapiens (Human) (0)
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (0)
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (0)
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (0)
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (0)
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (0)
Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (1)
Agam\AgaP_AGAP002663
10 of 12
Yes
Yes
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (0)
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (0)
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (0)
Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)
Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)
Data provided directly from OrthoDB:T48. Refer to their site for version information.
Paralogs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
    Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
    Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 0 )
    Human Ortholog
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Interaction
    References
    Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)
    Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
    Homo sapiens (Human)
    Gene name
    Score
    OMIM
    OMIM Phenotype
    DO term
    Complementation?
    Transgene?
    Functional Complementation Data
    Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
    Interactions
    Summary of Physical Interactions
    Interaction Browsers
    View in FlyBase Interactions Browser   View in MIST tool (external link)
    Please see the Physical Interaction reports below for full details
    protein-protein
    Physical Interaction
    Assay
    References
    T48 - RhoGEF2
    pull down, autoradiography
    (Mathew et al., 2011, Kolsch et al., 2007)
    RNA-protein
    Physical Interaction
    Assay
    References
    T48 - egl
    anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, full identification by DNA sequencing, quantitative reverse transcription pcr
    (Vazquez-Pianzola et al., 2017)
    Summary of Genetic Interactions
    Interaction Browsers
    View in FlyBase Interactions Browser   View in MIST tool (external link)
    Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions
    Starting gene(s)
    Interaction type
    Interacting gene(s)
    Reference
    Starting gene(s)
    Interaction type
    Interacting gene(s)
    Reference
    l(2)gd1
    suppressible
    T48
    (Schneider et al., 2013)
    moat
    suppressible
    T48|cta
    (Gu et al., 2024)
    External Data
    Linkouts
    BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
    DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
    MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
    Pathways
    Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
    Metabolic Pathways
    FlyBase
    External Links
    External Data
    Linkouts
    Class of Gene
    Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
    Chromosome (arm)
    3R
    Recombination map
    3-92
    Cytogenetic map
    97D5-97D7
    Sequence location
    FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
    Cytogenetic map
    Evidence for location
    97D5-97D7
    Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{lacW}His2AvL1602 and P{PZ}sda03884
    Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
    Cytogenetic map
    Notes
    References
    97D2-97D6
    (determined by in situ hybridisation)
    (Ranz et al., 2001)
    97D-97D
    (determined by in situ hybridisation)
    (Strutt and White, 1994)
    Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
    Location

    3-92

    (FlyBase, 2016)

    3-89.3

    (Comeron et al., 2012)
    Left of (cM)
    Right of (cM)
    Notes
    Stocks and Reagents
    Stocks (11)
    Genomic Clones (25)
    cDNA Clones (9)
     

    Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

    cDNA clones, fully sequenced
    BDGP DGC clones
    Other clones
      Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

      For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

      cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
      BDGP DGC clones
        Other clones
        RNAi and Array Information
        Linkouts
        DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
        Antibody Information
        Laboratory Generated Antibodies
         
        Commercially Available Antibodies
         
        Cell Line Information
        Publicly Available Cell Lines
         
          Other Stable Cell Lines
           
            Other Comments

            Characterisation of a candidate target gene of Ubx, T48, which is positively regulated by the homeotic genes Ubx and abd-A in both the epidermis and midgut visceral mesoderm. T48 encodes a novel transmembrane protein. Mapping of the cis-regulatory region identifies elements responsible for mediating homeotic gene regulation. The elements contain in vitro Ubx binding sites.

            (Strutt and White, 1994)

            The genes encoding the 35 and 48 transcripts, Con and T48 respectively, are good candidates for the target genes directly regulated by the homeotic gene Ubx.

            (Gould et al., 1990)

            Cloned as a potential Ubx target gene.

            Relationship to Other Genes
            Source for database merge of
            Additional comments
            Nomenclature History
            Source for database identify of
            Nomenclature comments
            Etymology
            Synonyms and Secondary IDs (9)
            Datasets (0)
            Study focus (0)
            Experimental Role
            Project
            Project Type
            Title
            Study result (0)
            Result
            Result Type
            Title
            External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 43 )
            Sequence Crossreferences
            NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
            GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
            GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
            RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
            UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.
            UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
            Other crossreferences
            AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.
            BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
            DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
            EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
            FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
            FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics
            InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
            KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
            MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)
            Linkouts
            BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
            Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
            DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
            DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
            Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
            FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
            FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
            Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
            Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
            iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)
            MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
            References (91)