FlyBase Gene Report: Dmel\cta

General Information

Symbol

Dmel\cta

Species

D. melanogaster

Name

concertina

Annotation Symbol

CG17678

Feature Type

protein_coding_gene

FlyBase ID

FBgn0000384

Gene Model Status

Current

Stock Availability

10 publicly available

Enzyme Name (EC)

Gene Summary

May play a role in a signal transduction pathway used during gastrulation. Required specifically for the ventral furrow and posterior midgut invaginations, where it is necessary for coordinating cell shape changes. Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as modulators or transducers in various transmembrane signaling systems. (UniProt, P25157)

Contribute a Gene Snapshot for this gene.

All Summaries

Alliance
Auto summary
Gene Group
UniProtKB
Red Book
Interactive Fly

Also Known As

Gα, conc, Gα_12/13

Key Links

Genomic Location

Cytogenetic map

40F7-40F7

Sequence location

2L:22,981,816..22,992,951 [+]

Recombination map

2-54

RefSeq locus

NT_033779 REGION:22981816..22992951

Sequence

Get Decorated FASTA

Genomic Maps

JBrowse

Other Genome Views

The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.

Function

Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (24 terms)

Molecular Function (6 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (6 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

enables D5 dopamine receptor binding

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000026689

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

enables G protein activity

traceable author statement

(Hanlon and Andrew, 2015)

enables G protein-coupled receptor binding

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR000469

(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)

enables G-protein beta/gamma-subunit complex binding

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR001019

(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000026392

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

enables GTPase activity

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR000469, InterPro:IPR001019

(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000026392

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

inferred from sequence or structural similarity with SGD:S000001047

(Gene Ontology Curators, 2002-)

enables guanyl nucleotide binding

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR001019

(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)

Biological Process (13 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (9 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

involved_in actin-mediated cell contraction

inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:fog; FB:FBgn0000719

(Manning et al., 2013)

involved_in apical constriction involved in gastrulation

inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:Gprk2; FB:FBgn0261988

(Fuse et al., 2013)

involved_in convergent extension involved in gastrulation

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Kerridge et al., 2016)

involved_in establishment or maintenance of cytoskeleton polarity involved in gastrulation

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Kerridge et al., 2016)

involved_in gastrulation involving germ band extension

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Parks and Wieschaus, 1991)

involved_in mesectoderm development

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Kerridge et al., 2016)

involved_in regulation of embryonic cell shape

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Parks and Wieschaus, 1991)

involved_in regulation of gastrulation

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Kerridge et al., 2016)

involved_in regulation of myosin II filament organization

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Kerridge et al., 2016)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (4 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

involved_in adenylate cyclase-modulating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000026392

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

involved_in G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway

traceable author statement

(Hanlon and Andrew, 2015)

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR000469, InterPro:IPR001019

(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)

involved_in Rho protein signal transduction

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000026689

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR000469

(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)

involved_in signal transduction

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR011025

(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)

Cellular Component (5 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)

CV Term

Evidence

References

located_in plasma membrane

inferred from direct assay

(Peters and Rogers, 2013)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (4 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

is_active_in brush border membrane

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000026689

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

is_active_in cytoplasm

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000026392

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

is_active_in cytosol

traceable author statement

(Hanlon and Andrew, 2015)

part_of heterotrimeric G-protein complex

inferred from sequence or structural similarity with SGD:S000001047

(Gene Ontology Curators, 2002-)

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000026392

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

Gene Group (FlyBase)

HETEROTRIMERIC G-PROTEIN ALPHA SUBUNITS

Protein Family (UniProt)

Belongs to the G-alpha family. G(12) subfamily. (P25157)

Protein Signatures (InterPro)

Catalytic Activity (EC/Rhea)

GTPase activity
RHEA 19669: G protein activity

Summaries

Gene Group (FlyBase)

HETEROTRIMERIC G-PROTEIN ALPHA SUBUNITS -: The Heterotrimeric G-protein alpha subunits (Gα) can bind guanine nucleotide. When inactive, Gα is bound to GDP and associates with Gβγ forming an heterotrimer. Upon GTP binding, Gα dissociates from the heterotrimer Gαβγ. Gα has an intrinsic guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) activity. (Adapted from FBrf0209904 and FBrf0183798).

Protein Function (UniProtKB)

(UniProt, P25157)

Phenotypic Description (Red Book; Lindsley and Zimm 1992)

cta: concertina (T. Schupbach)

Maternal-effect lethal, female sterile: Embryos from homozygous mothers gastrulate abnormally; no posterior midgut formed; the germ band does not advance to the dorsal side of the embryo, but as it expands, it is thrown into a series of folds at the ventral side of the embryo. Anterior midgut appears to develop normally. The phenotype is reminiscent of the zygotic embryonic lethal mutation folded gastrulation (fog). At final differentiation, the embryos from cta mothers have a fairly normal array of thoracic and abdominal segments with morphologically normal denticle belts. Defective head skeleton seen in larvae.

Summary (Interactive Fly)

Gα12/13 G-protein - necessary to trigger acto-myosin contractility during gastrulation - required for RhoGEF2 and consequent MyosinII apical recruitment

Interactive Fly

Gene Model and Products

Number of Transcripts

Number of Unique Polypeptides

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\cta for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)

Isoform displayed:

Pfam protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Protein Domains (via SMART)

Isoform displayed:

SMART protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Structure

Protein 3D structure (Predicted by AlphaFold) (AlphaFold entry P25157)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.

Model Confidence:

Very high (pLDDT > 90)
Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures

Crossreferences

Comments on Gene Model

Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.

Gene model reviewed during 5.47

Transcript Data

Annotated Transcripts

Name

FlyBase ID

RefSeq ID

Length (nt)

Assoc. CDS (aa)

cta-RA

FBtr0111126

NM_001042956

2156

457

cta-RB

FBtr0334157

NM_001273767

2764

457

Additional Transcript Data and Comments

Reported size (kB)

2.8, 2.2 (northern blot)

(Parks and Wieschaus, 1991)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

Polypeptide Data

Annotated Polypeptides

Name

FlyBase ID

Predicted MW (kDa)

Length (aa)

Theoretical pI

UniProt

RefSeq ID

GenBank

cta-PA

FBpp0110418

52.8

457

8.69

FBpp0306274

52.8

457

8.69

P25157

NP_001260696

AGB93231

Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

The group(s) of polypeptides indicated below share identical sequence to each other.

457 aa isoforms: cta-PA, cta-PB

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments

Reported size (kDa)

457 (aa); 53 (kD)

(Parks and Wieschaus, 1991)

Comments

External Data

Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)

G proteins are composed of 3 units; alpha, beta and gamma. The alpha chain contains the guanine nucleotide binding site.

(UniProt, P25157)

Crossreferences

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

Linkouts

Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model

Nucleotide / Polypeptide Records

UniProt

Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\cta using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data

Crossreferences

Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.

cta_1

Linkouts

Expression Data

Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

-0.59

Transcript Expression

No Assay Recorded

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

adult stage & oogenesis

nurse cell

(Parks and Wieschaus, 1991)

in situ

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage

mesoderm

(Parks and Wieschaus, 1991)

embryonic stage 1 -- 3

organism | intense | ubiquitous

Comment: maternally deposited

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 4 -- 6

organism

Comment: rapidly degraded

(Fisher et al., 2012)

organism | intense | ubiquitous

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 7 -- 8

organism | ubiquitous

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 9 -- 10

organism | ubiquitous

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 11 -- 12

organism | ubiquitous

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 13 -- 16

organism | ubiquitous

(Fisher et al., 2012)

adult stage & oogenesis

oocyte

(Parks and Wieschaus, 1991)

RT-PCR

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

adult stage

adult head

(Boto et al., 2010)

third segment of antenna

(Boto et al., 2010)

maxillary palp

(Boto et al., 2010)

antenna

(Yao and Carlson, 2010)

Additional Descriptive Data

RT-PCR analysis shows that cta transcript is expressed in the adult head, third segment of the antenna and maxillary palps.

(Boto et al., 2010)

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Polypeptide Expression

mass spectroscopy

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

adult stage

adult head

• membrane

(Aradska et al., 2015)

Additional Descriptive Data

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Evidence

References

located_in plasma membrane

inferred from direct assay

(Peters and Rogers, 2013)

Expression Deduced from Reporters

High-Throughput Expression Data

Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\cta in JBrowse

RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region

View exonic expression by developmental stage for Dmel\cta

View exonic expression by tissue for Dmel\cta

Bulk Downloads

RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes

Reference

See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.

Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle

Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis

External Data and Images

Linkouts

BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis

FBgn0000384

DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species

3355131/tissue=All

EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species

FBgn0000384

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

FBgn0000384

FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data

FBgn0000384

Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns

CG40010

Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut

FBgn0000384

Images

FlyBase Wiki

Image Based Resources

Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations

Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 16 )

For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show

Other relevant insertions

Transgenic Constructs ( 17 )

For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show

Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of cta

Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of cta

Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 14 )

Inferred from experimentation ( 14 )

Inferred from location ( 2 )

Variants

Variant Molecular Consequences

Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants

Phenotypes

For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.

Lethality

Allele

lethal, with Scer\GAL4^{VP16.mat.αTub67C}

cta^Q303L.UAS

lethal - all die during embryonic stage

cta⁵

lethal - all die during embryonic stage | maternal effect | recessive

partially lethal, with Scer\GAL4^{VP16.mat.αTub67C}

cta^UAS.cFa

Sterility

Allele

female sterile

female sterile | maternal effect

cta¹

female sterile | recessive

Other Phenotypes

Allele

abnormal neuroanatomy

cta⁵

some die during embryonic stage

cta⁵

some die during embryonic stage | recessive | maternal effect | recessive

wild-type

Phenotype manifest in

Allele

amnioproctodeal invagination

cephalopharyngeal skeleton | maternal effect

ectoderm

cta⁵

egg chamber

cta⁵

embryo | embryonic stage 6, with Scer\GAL4^{VP16.mat.αTub67C}

embryo | extended germ band stage | maternal effect

embryo | lateral

embryonic/first instar larval cuticle | anterior

cta¹

embryonic/first instar larval cuticle | maternal effect

embryonic/first instar larval cuticle | posterior

cta¹

embryonic epidermis | ventral

cta⁵

gonad

cta⁵

larval segmental nerve branch SNa of A1-7

cta⁵

mesoderm

cta⁵

mitochondrion, with Scer\GAL4^Mhc.PU

cta^Q303L.UAS

nurse cell ring canal

cta⁵

posterior endoderm | maternal effect

posterior fused midgut primordium

cta⁵

posterior midgut primordium | maternal effect

ventral furrow

ventral furrow, with Scer\GAL4^{VP16.mat.αTub67C}

cta^UAS.cFa

ventral furrow | maternal effect (with Df(2L)C')

cta⁵

Orthologs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Orthologs

Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Homo sapiens (Human) (22)

Hsap\GNA13

14 of 14

Yes

Hsap\GNA12

13 of 14

Yes

6 of 14

6 of 14

6 of 14

6 of 14

6 of 14

5 of 14

5 of 14

5 of 14

5 of 14

5 of 14

5 of 14

4 of 14

4 of 14

3 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (16)

Rnor\Gna13

14 of 14

Yes

Rnor\Gna12

13 of 14

Yes

6 of 14

6 of 14

6 of 14

6 of 14

5 of 14

5 of 14

5 of 14

5 of 14

5 of 14

5 of 14

5 of 14

4 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (16)

Mmus\Gna13

14 of 14

Yes

Mmus\Gna12

13 of 14

Yes

6 of 14

6 of 14

6 of 14

6 of 14

5 of 14

5 of 14

5 of 14

5 of 14

5 of 14

5 of 14

5 of 14

4 of 14

3 of 14

2 of 14

Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (21)

Xtro\gna13

11 of 13

Yes

4 of 13

4 of 13

4 of 13

4 of 13

4 of 13

4 of 13

2 of 13

2 of 13

2 of 13

2 of 13

2 of 13

2 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (28)

Drer\gna13a

14 of 14

Yes

Drer\gna12a

13 of 14

Yes

Drer\gna13b

13 of 14

Yes

6 of 14

6 of 14

6 of 14

6 of 14

5 of 14

5 of 14

5 of 14

5 of 14

5 of 14

5 of 14

5 of 14

5 of 14

5 of 14

5 of 14

5 of 14

5 of 14

Yes

4 of 14

4 of 14

4 of 14

4 of 14

3 of 14

2 of 14

Yes

Drer\gnal

2 of 14

Drer\LOC108179047

2 of 14

Drer\si:ch211-207c7.2

1 of 14

Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (26)

Cele\gpa-12

13 of 14

Yes

5 of 14

5 of 14

5 of 14

5 of 14

5 of 14

5 of 14

5 of 14

5 of 14

5 of 14

4 of 14

4 of 14

4 of 14

4 of 14

4 of 14

3 of 14

3 of 14

3 of 14

3 of 14

3 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Yes

Cele\sar-1

1 of 14

Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (8)

Agam\AgaP_AGAP009457

12 of 12

Yes

5 of 12

4 of 12

4 of 12

3 of 12

3 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (14)

Atha\GP ALPHA 1

6 of 13

Yes

Atha\XLG1

4 of 13

Yes

Atha\XLG2

4 of 13

Yes

Atha\XLG3

4 of 13

Yes

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (8)

Scer\GPA2

5 of 13

Yes

4 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (2)

Spom\gpa2

4 of 12

Yes

Spom\gpa1

3 of 12

Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)

Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)

Data provided directly from OrthoDB:cta. Refer to their site for version information.

Paralogs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Paralogs

Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Gene Symbol

Score

Source

Alignment

Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (9)

6 of 13

6 of 13

6 of 13

5 of 13

5 of 13

5 of 13

5 of 13

1 of 13

dnd

1 of 13

Human Disease Associations

FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports

Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Allele

Disease

Evidence

References

Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 0 )

Human Ortholog

Disease

Evidence

References

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Allele

Disease

Interaction

References

Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)

Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.

Homo sapiens (Human)

Gene name

Score

OMIM

OMIM Phenotype

DO term

Complementation?

Transgene?

GNA13; G protein subunit alpha 13

14 of 14

604406

GNA12; G protein subunit alpha 12

13 of 14

604394

GNA14; G protein subunit alpha 14

6 of 14

604397

GNA15; G protein subunit alpha 15

6 of 14

139314

GNAQ; G protein subunit alpha q

6 of 14

600998

GNAT2; G protein subunit alpha transducin 2

6 of 14

139340

ACHROMATOPSIA 4; ACHM4

achromatopsia 4

GNAT3; G protein subunit alpha transducin 3

6 of 14

139395

GNA11; G protein subunit alpha 11

5 of 14

139313

GNAI2; G protein subunit alpha i2

5 of 14

139360

VENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA, FAMILIAL

GNAI3; G protein subunit alpha i3

5 of 14

139370

AURICULOCONDYLAR SYNDROME 1; ARCND1

GNAO1; G protein subunit alpha o1

5 of 14

GUANINE NUCLEOTIDE-BINDING PROTEIN, ALPHA-ACTIVATING ACTIVITY POLYPEPTIDE O; GNAO1

GNAT1; G protein subunit alpha transducin 1

5 of 14

139330

GNAZ; G protein subunit alpha z

5 of 14

139160

GNAI1; G protein subunit alpha i1

4 of 14

139310

NEURODEVELOPMENTAL DISORDER WITH HYPOTONIA, IMPAIRED SPEECH, AND BEHAVIORAL ABNORMALITIES; NEDHISB

GNAS; GNAS complex locus

4 of 14

139320

GNAL; G protein subunit alpha L

3 of 14

139312

DYSTONIA 25; DYT25

dystonia 25

Functional Complementation Data

Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.

Interactions

Summary of Physical Interactions

Interaction Browsers

View in FlyBase Interactions Browser View in MIST tool (external link)

Please see the Physical Interaction reports below for full details

protein-protein

Physical Interaction

Assay

References

cta - CG14854

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

cta - Rho1

pull down, autoradiography

(Magie et al., 1999)

cta - ric8a

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot

(Peters and Rogers, 2013)

Summary of Genetic Interactions

Interaction Browsers

View in FlyBase Interactions Browser View in MIST tool (external link)

Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

cta

suppressible

Gprk2

(Fuse et al., 2013)

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

fog

suppressible

cta

(Ratnaparkhi, 2013)

suppressible

(Gu et al., 2024)

enhanceable

(Magie et al., 1999)

RhoGEF2

enhanceable

cta

(Nikolaidou and Barrett, 2004)

External Data

Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)

G proteins are composed of 3 units; alpha, beta and gamma. The alpha chain contains the guanine nucleotide binding site.

(UniProt, P25157 )

Linkouts

BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.

78256

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0000384

MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

3355131

MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

3355131

Pathways

Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)

Metabolic Pathways

FlyBase

External Links

External Data

Linkouts

Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.

Class of Gene

nuclear_gene

protein_coding_gene

Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data

Chromosome (arm)

Recombination map

2-54

Cytogenetic map

40F7-40F7

Sequence location

2L:22,981,816..22,992,951 [+]

FlyBase Computed Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Evidence for location

40F7-40F7

Experimentally Determined Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Notes

References

40A-40B

h35

(Drosophila Heterochromatin Genome Project, 2004)

40-40

(determined by in situ hybridisation)

(Parks and Wieschaus, 1991)

Experimentally Determined Recombination Data

Location

2-54

(FlyBase, 2016)

2-55.3

(Comeron et al., 2012)

2-54.8

(Schupbach and Wieschaus, 1989)

Left of (cM)

Right of (cM)

Notes

Stocks and Reagents

Stocks (10)

Aberrations including deletions of this gene Aberrations including duplications of this gene

Bloomington

98114

w^*; P{UAS-cta.F}3

31132

y¹ v¹; P{TRiP.JF01607}attP2

51848

y¹ v¹; P{TRiP.HMC03421}attP40

80628

y¹ w^*; TI{CRIMIC.TG4.0}cta^{CR00702-TG4.0}

41964

y¹ sc^* v¹ sev²¹; P{TRiP.HMS02361}attP2

NIG-Fly

M2L-2660

y¹ w¹¹¹⁸; cta^SK1 P{neoFRT}40A/CyO-Tb

M2L-2661

y¹ w¹¹¹⁸; cta^SK8 P{neoFRT}40A/CyO-Tb

2LG-2120

y² VhaAC39-1^cho-1 v¹; P{U6-cta.NIG.sgRNA}attP40/CyO

VDRC

v330486

P{VSH330486}attP40

v318328

PBac{fTRG01258.sfGFP-TVPTBF}VK00033

Genomic Clones (19)

Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

cDNA Clones (85)

Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

cDNA clones, fully sequenced

BDGP DGC clones

LD04530

Other clones

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

FBgn0000384

cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)

BDGP DGC clones

Other clones

RNAi and Array Information

Linkouts

DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens

FBgn0000384

Antibody Information

Laboratory Generated Antibodies

Commercially Available Antibodies

Cell Line Information

Publicly Available Cell Lines

Other Stable Cell Lines

Other Comments

ChEST reveals this is a target of Mef2.

(Junion et al., 2005)

dsRNA made from templates generated with primers against this gene tested in a cl-8 cell reporter assay to examine any role of cta in the hh signalling pathway.

(Lum, 2003)

Activation of the fog/cta pathway results in ectopic cell shape changes in the gastrula.

(Morize et al., 1998)

Uniform fog expression rescues the gastrulation defects of fog null embryos but not cta mutant embryos, arguing that cta acts downstream of fog.

(Morize et al., 1998)

cta protein is required for cell shape changes induced by ectopic fog expression and thus may operate downstream of fog signalling in wild-type embryos.

(Morize et al., 1998)

Variegation of lt and cta is manifest at phenotypic and gene expression levels in the adult eye, and the larval salivary glands and Malpighian tubules. The relative severity of the effect correlates with the chromosomal rearrangement. Larval imaginal discs do not display variegation, but show uniform reduction of transcription, which correlates in magnitude with the degree of variegation.

(Weiler and Wakimoto, 1998)

The cta locus displays reduced variation, the HKA test demonstrates that background selection is not the sole force for reducing variation. Reduction of variation does not extend to the ref(2)P locus.

(Wayne and Kreitman, 1995)

Sequence analysis suggests that cta encodes an alpha subunit of a G protein. cta has a role in cell-cell communication as a mediator of signals between membrane bound receptors and intracellular effectors during gastrulation.

(Parks and Wieschaus, 1991)

Mutations in cta block the transition from the first slow stochastic phase of gastrulation to the second rapid phase of constriction in the ventral furrow and the posterior midgut invaginations.

(Sweeton et al., 1991)

Maternal effect gene required for gastrulation.

(Wakimoto and Hearn, 1990)

Mutations in cta result in a maternal effect phenotype with defects during the early stages of gastrulation and defects in the anteroposterior axis.

(Schupbach and Wieschaus, 1989)

Relationship to Other Genes

Source for database merge of

Source for merge of: cta CG40010

(FlyBase, 1996-)

Additional comments

Source for merge of cta CG40010 was sequence comparison ( date:030301 ).

(FlyBase, 1996-)

Nomenclature History

Source for database identify of

Nomenclature comments

Etymology

Synonyms and Secondary IDs (14)

Reported As

Symbol Synonym

CG17678

(National Institute of Genetics Fly Stocks, 2022-, Meadows, 2018.4.4, Caizzi et al., 2016, Hanlon and Andrew, 2015, Ni et al., 2011.7.19, Boto et al., 2010, Ni et al., 2010.12.1, Ni et al., 2008, Brandt, 2006)

CG40010

(Boto et al., 2010, Colicelli, 2004, Giot et al., 2003)

Concertina

(Hanlon and Andrew, 2015)

Cta

(Loganathan et al., 2021, Gheisari et al., 2020, Perez-Vale and Peifer, 2020, Rich et al., 2020, Smits and Shvartsman, 2020, Garcia De Las Bayonas et al., 2019, Gilmour et al., 2017, Liu and Lasko, 2015, Peters and Rogers, 2013, Lim and Thiery, 2012, Lum, 2003)

GNA12/13

(Krishnan et al., 2015)

Gα

(Ko and Martin, 2020, Paré and Zallen, 2020, Culurgioni and Mapelli, 2013, Xiong and Bellen, 2013)

Gα12/13

(Kale et al., 2018)

Gα_12/13

(Lin et al., 2022, Kerridge et al., 2016)

conc

(Hanlon and Andrew, 2015, Hampoelz et al., 2005, Schaefer et al., 2001)

cta

(Gehrels et al., 2023, Min et al., 2023, Falo-Sanjuan and Bray, 2022, Bilder et al., 2021, Funikov et al., 2020, Ko and Martin, 2020, Martin, 2020, Meyer-Nava et al., 2020, Bailles et al., 2019, Atia et al., 2018, Levis, 2018.8.30, Sarov et al., 2016, Urbansky et al., 2016, Xie et al., 2016, Hanlon and Andrew, 2015, Hsu et al., 2015, Nie et al., 2014, Fuse et al., 2013, Kanesaki et al., 2013, Manning et al., 2013, Ratnaparkhi, 2013, Conte et al., 2012, Mathew et al., 2011, Zhang et al., 2011, Boto et al., 2010, Brodland et al., 2010, Lu et al., 2009, Venken et al., 2009, Harris et al., 2008, Koelsch and Leptin, 2008, Kunwar et al., 2008, Wakimoto, 2008.11.19, Yasuhara and Wakimoto, 2008, de Wit et al., 2007, Fox and Peifer, 2007, Kolsch et al., 2007, Levine et al., 2007, Ratnaparkhi and Zinn, 2007, Brandt, 2006, Dimitri et al., 2003, Magie et al., 1999)

mat(2)cta

(Dimitri, 1991)

mat(2)fog

Name Synonyms

Concertina

(Long et al., 2025, Ko and Martin, 2020, Paré and Zallen, 2020, Kale et al., 2018, Montgomery et al., 2014, Vecsey et al., 2014, Fuse et al., 2013, Peters and Rogers, 2013, Koelsch and Leptin, 2008, Bakal et al., 2007)

Gα12/13 subunit

(Peters and Rogers, 2013)

Secondary FlyBase IDs

FBan0017678
FBgn0058010

Datasets (0)

Study focus (0)

Experimental Role

Project

Project Type

Title

Study result (0)

Result

Result Type

Title

External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 50 )

Sequence Crossreferences

NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.

3355131

GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.

GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.

RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.

UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.

P25157

UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information

P25157

UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information

M9PDM5

Other crossreferences

AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.

P25157

BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis

FBgn0000384

DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species

3355131/tissue=All

EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species

FBgn0000384

FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data

FBgn0000384

FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics

FBgn0000384

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.

dme:Dmel_CG17678

MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)

3355131

Linkouts

BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.

78256

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones

FBgn0000384

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0000384

DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens

FBgn0000384

Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.

cta_1

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

FBgn0000384

FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel

FBGN0000384

Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns

CG40010

Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut

FBgn0000384

FlyMet - A comprehensive tissue-specific metabolomics resource for Drosophila.

FBgn0000384

iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)

TC034430

Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution

Interactive Fly

MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

3355131

MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

3355131

Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.

References (184)

The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.

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