FB2026_01 , released March 12, 2026
FB2026_01 , released March 12, 2026
Gene: Dmel\kipf
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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\kipf
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
kipferl
Annotation Symbol
CG2678
Feature Type
FlyBase ID
FBgn0014931
Gene Model Status
Stock Availability
Gene Summary
DNA-binding zinc finger protein that recruits chromo domain protein rhino/rhi to specific chromatin regions enriched in H3K9me2/3 histone methylation, mediating piRNA (piwi-interacting RNA) biogenesis (PubMed:36193674). May bind to GC rich DNA sequences including a 5'-GRGGN-3' sequence motif (PubMed:36193674). Nucleates rhi/rhino accumulation and stabilizes its expansion (PubMed:36193674). Involved in piRNA transposon repression, particularly in the female ovary during oogenesis (PubMed:36193674). (UniProt, Q8T053)
Contribute a Gene Snapshot for this gene.
Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
Sequence location
Recombination map
3-48
RefSeq locus
NT_033777 REGION:7913851..7916550
Sequence
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
Function
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (10 terms)
Molecular Function (6 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (3 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (3 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:P47043
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:P47043
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:P47043
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR012934
Biological Process (2 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
inferred from mutant phenotype
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:P47043
Cellular Component (2 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in cytosol
inferred from high throughput direct assay
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in nucleus
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR012934
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:P47043
Protein Family (UniProt)
-
Summaries
Gene Group (FlyBase)
C2H2 ZINC FINGER TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS -
Zinc finger C2H2 transcription factors are sequence-specific DNA binding proteins that regulate transcription. They possess DNA-binding domains that are formed from repeated Cys2His2 zinc finger motifs. (Adapted from PMID:1835093, FBrf0220103 and FBrf0155739).
Protein Function (UniProtKB)
DNA-binding zinc finger protein that recruits chromo domain protein rhino/rhi to specific chromatin regions enriched in H3K9me2/3 histone methylation, mediating piRNA (piwi-interacting RNA) biogenesis (PubMed:36193674). May bind to GC rich DNA sequences including a 5'-GRGGN-3' sequence motif (PubMed:36193674). Nucleates rhi/rhino accumulation and stabilizes its expansion (PubMed:36193674). Involved in piRNA transposon repression, particularly in the female ovary during oogenesis (PubMed:36193674).
(UniProt, Q8T053)
Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
2
Number of Unique Polypeptides
2

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\kipf for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Structure
Protein 3D structure   (Predicted by AlphaFold)   (AlphaFold entry Q8T053)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.
Model Confidence:
  • Very high (pLDDT > 90)
  • Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
  • Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
  • Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures
Crossreferences
Comments on Gene Model

Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.

Gene model reviewed during 5.49

Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
FBtr0081757
1811
434
FBtr0304703
2003
346
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
UniProt
RefSeq ID
GenBank
FBpp0081254
50.5
434
9.16
FBpp0293246
39.9
346
8.66
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

None of the polypeptides share 100% sequence identity.

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)
Comments
External Data
Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)

Homodimer; mediated by the ZAD domain (PubMed:36193674). Interacts (via C2H2 type zinc finger 4) with rhi/rhino (via Chromo domain) (PubMed:36193674). Dimerization is required for association with DNA and interaction with rhi/rhino (PubMed:36193674).

(UniProt, Q8T053)
Domain

The ZAD domain is required for dimerization.

Possesses 2 arrays of C2H2 type zinc fingers (PubMed:36193674). The first, consisting of zinc-fingers 1-4, plays a major role in DNA binding, while the second, consisting of zinc fingers 5-7, only has a minor contribution (PubMed:36193674). C2H2 type zinc finger 4 is required and sufficient for interaction with rhi/rhino but is not required for DNA binding (PubMed:36193674).

(UniProt, Q8T053)
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\kipf using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
Linkouts
Expression Data
Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

-0.58

Transcript Expression
in situ
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
organism

Comment: maternally deposited

Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in cytosol
inferred from high throughput direct assay
Expression Deduced from Reporters
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\kipf in JBrowse
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
Images
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 17 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 11 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of kipf
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of kipf
Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 0 )
Inferred from experimentation ( 0 )
Inferred from location ( 11 )
Variants
Variant Molecular Consequences
Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
Phenotypes
For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.
Lethality
Allele
Sterility
Allele
Phenotype manifest in
Allele
Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Homo sapiens (Human) (34)
1 of 14
Yes
Yes
1 of 14
Yes
No
1 of 14
Yes
No
1 of 14
Yes
No
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No
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No
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Yes
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Yes
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No
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No
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No
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (2)
1 of 14
Yes
Yes
1 of 14
Yes
No
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (4)
1 of 14
Yes
No
1 of 14
Yes
No
1 of 14
Yes
Yes
1 of 14
Yes
No
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (3)
1 of 13
Yes
No
1 of 13
Yes
No
1 of 13
Yes
No
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (6)
1 of 14
Yes
Yes
1 of 14
Yes
Yes
1 of 14
Yes
No
1 of 14
Yes
No
1 of 14
Yes
Yes
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (0)
Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (19)
1 of 12
Yes
Yes
1 of 12
Yes
Yes
1 of 12
Yes
Yes
1 of 12
Yes
Yes
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (1)
1 of 13
Yes
No
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (0)
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (0)
Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)
Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)
Data provided directly from OrthoDB:kipf. Refer to their site for version information.
Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (44)
2 of 13
2 of 13
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Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
    Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
    Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 0 )
    Human Ortholog
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Interaction
    References
    Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)
    Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
    Homo sapiens (Human)
    Gene name
    Score
    OMIM
    OMIM Phenotype
    DO term
    Complementation?
    Transgene?
    Functional Complementation Data
    Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
    Interactions
    Summary of Physical Interactions
    Summary of Genetic Interactions
    Interaction Browsers
    Starting gene(s)
    Interaction type
    Interacting gene(s)
    Reference
    Starting gene(s)
    Interaction type
    Interacting gene(s)
    Reference
    External Data
    Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)
    Homodimer; mediated by the ZAD domain (PubMed:36193674). Interacts (via C2H2 type zinc finger 4) with rhi/rhino (via Chromo domain) (PubMed:36193674). Dimerization is required for association with DNA and interaction with rhi/rhino (PubMed:36193674).
    (UniProt, Q8T053 )
    Linkouts
    BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
    DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
    MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
    Pathways
    Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
    Metabolic Pathways
    FlyBase
    External Links
    External Data
    Class of Gene
    Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
    Chromosome (arm)
    3R
    Recombination map
    3-48
    Cytogenetic map
    Sequence location
    FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
    Cytogenetic map
    Evidence for location
    84E5-84E5
    Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{EP}EP3060EP3060 and P{PZ}grn05930
    Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
    Cytogenetic map
    Notes
    References
    84E1-84E2
    84E-84E
    Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
    Location
    Left of (cM)
    Right of (cM)
    Notes
    Stocks and Reagents
    Stocks (8)
    Genomic Clones (14)
     

    Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

    cDNA Clones (9)
     

    Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

    cDNA clones, fully sequenced
    BDGP DGC clones
    Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

    For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

    cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
    BDGP DGC clones
    RNAi and Array Information
    Linkouts
    DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
    Antibody Information
    Laboratory Generated Antibodies
    Commercially Available Antibodies
     
    Cell Line Information
    Publicly Available Cell Lines
     
      Other Stable Cell Lines
       
      • New stable cell line derived from OSC : Stable OSC lines expressing internally tagged kipf under control of the Ubi-p63E promoter and an SV40 3'UTR were generated by integration into an RMCE landing site.

      Other Comments

      The kipf locus harbors an additional 25 amino acid exon, flanked by 109 and 31 nucleotides of intronic sequence up and downstream, respectively, in several laboratory fly strains. Comparison with protein sequences annotated for other Drosophila species confirm the presence of the additional in frame coding sequence, inserted between P347 and K348 of the annotated melanogaster kipf protein. PCR analysis confirmed the absence of the respective DNA sequence from iso1 genomic DNA, which served as the basis of the reference genome.

      dsRNA has been made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene. RNAi of CG2678 results in reduced arborization of ddaD and ddaE neurons.

      Transcription unit upstream of that of Prat.

      Relationship to Other Genes
      Source for database merge of
      Additional comments
      Nomenclature History
      Source for database identify of

      Source for identity of: anon-84Eb CG2678

      Source for identity of: kipf CG2678

      Nomenclature comments
      Etymology

      Named 'kipferl' because mutants show prominent enrichments of 'Rhino' in crescent-shaped structures at the nuclear envelope that are reminiscent of a famous Austrian pastry.

      Synonyms and Secondary IDs (7)
      Datasets (0)
      Study focus (0)
      Experimental Role
      Project
      Project Type
      Title
      Study result (0)
      Result
      Result Type
      Title
      External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 46 )
      Sequence Crossreferences
      NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
      GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
      GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
      RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
      UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.
      UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
      Other crossreferences
      AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.
      BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
      DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
      EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
      FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
      FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics
      KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
      MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)
      Linkouts
      BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
      Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
      DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
      DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
      Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
      FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
      FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
      Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
      Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
      MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
      References (50)