FlyBase Allele Report: Dmel\so[3]

Approximately 80% of flies containing so³ mutant clones can eclose as adults. The flies have small or no eyes, but normal antennae and palp. Head cuticle with antenna-like structures can extend into the eye and some of the small eyes become club-like, suggesting a partial transformation to antenna. Occasional loss of the ocellus is also seen.

(Wang and Sun, 2012)

so³ mutants do not develop a somatogastric nervous system. However, this does not affect the formation of the pars intercerebralis.

(de Velasco et al., 2007)

so³ mutant clones in the eye over-proliferate and are non-autonomous.

(Kenyon et al., 2005)

The stomatogastric nervous system and corpus cardiacum are absent in mutant stage 16 embryos.

(De Velasco et al., 2004)

Heterozygotes have wild-type eyes.

(Kumar et al., 2004)

so⁹/so³ adult males are viable and fertile, and have normal looking testes with no degenerating spermatocytes.

When clones of so³ homozygous cells are induced in the testis, spermatocyte degeneration is seen. However, this degeneration appears to be independent of the genotype of the spermatocytes in question, suggesting that it is the genotype of cyst cells (not scoreable for technical reasons) that is important in determining spermatocyte degeneration.

(Fabrizio et al., 2003)

Stalk cells are missing in mutant egg chambers.

(Bai and Montell, 2002)

Bolwig's organ neurons are missing in mutant embryos.

(Suzuki and Saigo, 2000)

Development of the visual system proceeds normally in mutant embryos until stage 11, when the posterior lip of the optic lobe would normally start to invaginate. Invagination of the optic lobe placode does not occur in mutant embryos.

(Daniel et al., 1999)

Cells of homozygous clones in the eye disc overproliferate and fail to differentiate into neurons. The clones retain their epithelial organisation and give rise to abnormal folding of the disc. Cells in the clones subsequently die. Morphogenetic furrow initiation does not occur in clones of the eye disc that encompass the margins. Propagation of the morphogenetic furrow does not occur in homozygous clones in the eye disc. 3% of the R1, R6 and R7 cells are missing in eyes in which homozygous clones have been induced using Scer\FLP1^GMR.PP.

(Pignoni et al., 1997)

so³/so⁵ transheterozygotes exhibit an extreme eye phenotype, The optic lobe primordium of homozygotes is reduced in size and movement into the head cavity is arrested at an early stage so it fails to invaginate.

(Cheyette et al., 1994)

External Data

Linkouts

Interactions

Show genetic interaction network for Enhancers & Suppressors

Phenotypic Class

Enhancer of

Statement

Reference

so[+]/so³ is an enhancer of visible | recessive phenotype of ey²

(Pignoni, 2001.1.26)

NOT Enhancer of

Statement

Reference

so[+]/so³ is a non-enhancer of abnormal size | adult stage phenotype of CtBP^GSA396, Scer\GAL4^ey.PU

(Hoang et al., 2010)

so[+]/so³ is a non-enhancer of visible | adult stage phenotype of CtBP^GSA396, Scer\GAL4^ey.PU

(Hoang et al., 2010)

NOT Suppressor of

Statement

Reference

so[+]/so³ is a non-suppressor of abnormal size | adult stage phenotype of CtBP^GSA396, Scer\GAL4^ey.PU

(Hoang et al., 2010)

so[+]/so³ is a non-suppressor of visible | adult stage phenotype of CtBP^GSA396, Scer\GAL4^ey.PU

(Hoang et al., 2010)

Phenotype Manifest In

NOT suppressed by

Statement

Reference

so³ has Bolwig organ phenotype, non-suppressible by hh^UAS.cKa/Scer\GAL4^h-1J3

(Suzuki and Saigo, 2000)

Enhancer of

Statement

Reference

so[+]/so³ is an enhancer of eye phenotype of ey²

(Pignoni, 2001.1.26)

NOT Enhancer of

Statement

Reference

so[+]/so³ is a non-enhancer of eye phenotype of CtBP^GSA396, Scer\GAL4^ey.PU

(Hoang et al., 2010)

so³ is a non-enhancer of eye phenotype of Scer\GAL4^GMR.PF, nej^ΔBHQ.UAS

(Anderson et al., 2005)

Suppressor of

Statement

Reference

so³ is a suppressor of wing phenotype of Scer\GAL4^dpp.PH, eya^UAS.cHa

(Hsiao et al., 2001)

NOT Suppressor of

Statement

Reference

so[+]/so³ is a non-suppressor of eye phenotype of CtBP^GSA396, Scer\GAL4^ey.PU

(Hoang et al., 2010)

so³ is a non-suppressor of eye phenotype of Scer\GAL4^GMR.PF, nej^ΔBHQ.UAS

(Anderson et al., 2005)

Other

Statement

Reference

Df(2L)eya¹⁰, so⁹/so³ has spermatocyte phenotype

(Fabrizio et al., 2003)

Additional Comments

Genetic Interactions

Statement

Reference

Significant levels of spermatocyte degeneration is seen in the testes of Df(2L)eya¹⁰ so⁹/so³ adults and pharate adults.

(Fabrizio et al., 2003)

The proportion of eya^Scer\UAS.cHa; Scer\GAL4^dpp.PH flies with blistered wings (76%) is decreased by heterozygosity for so³ to 17%, while the proprotion with only mild wing defects is increased from 24% to 83%. (All data from experiments with a single, 'strong' P{UAS-eya.H} insertion; n=approximately 300 in each case).

(Hsiao et al., 2001)

The so³ Bolwig's organ phenotype is not rescued by expression of hh^Scer\UAS.cKa under the control of Scer\GAL4^h-1J3.

(Suzuki and Saigo, 2000)

Xenogenetic Interactions

Statement

Reference

Complementation and Rescue Data

Rescued by

so³/so⁵ is rescued by so^hs.PC

(Cheyette et al., 1994)

Partially rescued by

so³ is partially rescued by so^UAS.cPa/Scer\GAL4^h-1J3

(Suzuki and Saigo, 2000)

Comments

The lack of Bolwig's organ neurons seen in so³ embryos is partially rescued by so^Scer\UAS.cPa expressed under the control of Scer\GAL4^h-1J3.

(Suzuki and Saigo, 2000)

so³/so⁵ eye phenotype can be rescued by heat induced expression of so (repetitive heat shocks during third instar).

(Cheyette et al., 1994)

Images (0)

Mutant

Wild-type

Stocks (1)

Bloomington

8874

Dp(?;2)bw^D, so³ bw^D/CyO

Notes on Origin

Discoverer

External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 0 )

Synonyms and Secondary IDs (2)

Reported As

Symbol Synonym

SO³

(Kenyon et al., 2005)

so³

(Kahsai and Cook, 2018, Davis and Rebay, 2017, Zhou et al., 2017, Apitz and Salecker, 2016, Bernardo-Garcia et al., 2016, Jin et al., 2016, Weasner et al., 2016, Anderson et al., 2014, Atkins et al., 2013, Li et al., 2013, Wang and Sun, 2012, Blanco et al., 2010, Hoang et al., 2010, Salzer et al., 2010, de Velasco et al., 2007, Fabrizio et al., 2003)

Name Synonyms

Secondary FlyBase IDs

References (34)

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