FlyBase Allele Report: Dmel\SCAR[Δ37]

General Information

Symbol

Dmel\SCAR^Δ37

Species

D. melanogaster

Name

FlyBase ID

FBal0150645

Feature type

allele

Associated gene

Dmel\SCAR

Associated Insertion(s)

Carried in Construct

Also Known As

wave^Δ37

Key Links

Allele class

loss of function allele

Mutagen

Delta2-3 transposase

Nature of the Allele

Allele class

loss of function allele

(Johnson et al., 2008)

Mutagen

Delta2-3 transposase

(Zallen et al., 2002)

Progenitor genotype

SCAR^k13811

(Zallen et al., 2002)

Caused by aberration

Df(2L)Δ37

Cytology

Description

Mutations Mapped to the Genome

Curation Data

Type

Location

Additional Notes

References

Variant Molecular Consequences

Associated Sequence Data

DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank

DNA sequence

Protein sequence

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Expression Data

Reporter Expression

Additional Information

Statement

Reference

Marker for

Reflects expression of

Reporter construct used in assay

Human Disease Associations

Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Disease

Evidence

References

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Disease

Interaction

References

Comments on Models/Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Disease-implicated variant(s)

Phenotypic Data

Phenotypic Class

Phenotype Manifest In

actin-based cell projection | oogenesis | somatic clone

(Squarr et al., 2016)

axon

(Schenck et al., 2004)

border follicle cell | somatic clone

(Badmos et al., 2021)

centripetal follicle cell | somatic clone

(Squarr et al., 2016)

embryonic myoblast

(Kaipa et al., 2013, Richardson et al., 2007)

eye | adult stage | somatic clone

(Galy et al., 2011)

eye | somatic clone

(Zallen et al., 2002)

filopodium | oogenesis | somatic clone

(Squarr et al., 2016)

interommatidial bristle | adult stage | somatic clone

(Galy et al., 2011)

interommatidial bristle | somatic clone

(Zallen et al., 2002)

larval intersegmental nerve

(Schenck et al., 2004)

larval intersegmental nerve branch ISNb of A1-7 | embryonic stage

(Kannan et al., 2017)

larval RP2 motor neuron | embryonic stage

(Zhu and Bhat, 2011)

larval somatic muscle cell

(Berger et al., 2008)

myoblast | embryonic stage

(Berger et al., 2008)

neuromuscular junction & synapse

(Schenck et al., 2004)

nurse cell | germline clone

(Zallen et al., 2002)

nurse cell ring canal | germline clone

(Zallen et al., 2002)

ommatidium | adult stage | somatic clone

(Galy et al., 2011)

ommatidium | somatic clone

(Zallen et al., 2002)

photoreceptor | adult stage | somatic clone

(Galy et al., 2011)

rhabdomere | adult stage | somatic clone

(Galy et al., 2011)

Detailed Description

Statement

Reference

Follicle border cell clusters either fully clonal or mosaic for SCAR^Δ37/SCAR^Δ37 show severely delayed migration.

(Badmos et al., 2021)

Bouton numbers are unaffected at the NMJ of SCAR^Δ37/+ third instar larvae.

(Kim et al., 2019)

SCAR^Δ37 heterozygous embryos display stalling of the ISNb motor nerve at the junction of muscles 6 and 13, with failure to innervate muscle 12 (observed in 16% of examined hemisegments).

(Kannan et al., 2017)

SCAR^Δ37 mutant clones in the follicular epithelium completely lack actin-rich cellular protrusions, in contrast to wild type controls, but show no defects in the formation or alignment of basal actin bundles.

(Squarr et al., 2016)

Gut constriction formation and gut morphology in SCAR^Δ37 mutant embryos show no defects compared to wild-type.

(Rudolf et al., 2014)

Homozygous embryos show weak defects in myoblast fusion.

(Kaipa et al., 2013)

SCAR^Δ37/+ mutant embryos show no defects in development or survival.

SCAR^Δ37 mutant follicle cell clones are apically constricted, and adherens junctions appear jagged between mutant cells and between mutant and wild type cells. The phenotypes vary between cells but are most pronounced in stage 11 or older egg chambers.

(Sarpal et al., 2012)

Eyes homozygous mutant for SCAR^Δ37 appear rough and display misaligned and fused ommatidia, crater-like intrusions and bent interommatidial bristles. Rhabdomeres appear short and bulky, photoreceptors have fallen through the underlying fenestrated membrane, retina depth is decreased and actin-based cytoskeletal architecture is disturbed.

(Galy et al., 2011)

SCAR^Δ37 mutant embryos display a duplication of the RP2 neuron in one hemisegment and have one missing in the contralateral segment. A maximum of 15% of the hemisegments are affected.

(Zhu and Bhat, 2011)

Homozygous SCAR^Δ37 embryos exhibit a weak myoblast fusion defect. Unfused myoblasts are visible and muscles appear to be reduced in size in SCAR^Δ37 mutants. Dorsal closure seems incomplete in these embryos.

(Berger et al., 2008)

Homozygous clones that encompass the morphogenetic furrow do not result in a defect in cell constriction in the morphogenetic furrow.

(Corrigall et al., 2007)

Homozygous SCAR^Δ37 mutant embryos exhibit a moderate, but completely penetrant, myoblast fusion defect. Analysis of F-actin foci in zygotic SCAR^Δ37 mutants reveals a range in foci size from wild-type to enlarged, with an average size of 2.3υm[2]. SCAR^Δ37 mutants show a dramatic increase in the size and number of actin foci.

(Richardson et al., 2007)

Single cell γ neuron mutant clones in the mushroom body do not show axon growth defects.

(Ng and Luo, 2004)

Mutant embryos show axon defects, including ectopic crossing of the midline by axons and ectopic branching of the intersegmental nerve. Heterozygous larvae have significantly shorter synapses at the neuromuscular junction (96.5 +/- 4.6 μm) compared to wild type (111.1 μm). These synapses do not show abnormal budding.

(Schenck et al., 2004)

SCAR^Δ37 germ-line clones produce multinucleate nurse cells, connected by abnormally small ring canals, that are often occluded. These germ-line clones do produce in fertilisable eggs. The sensory organ pattern in adult heads carrying somatic clones of SCAR^Δ37 appears wild type, whereas the eye facet arrangement is abnormal, and there is some loss of interommatidial bristles.

(Zallen et al., 2002)

External Data

Linkouts

Interactions

Show genetic interaction network for Enhancers & Suppressors

Phenotypic Class

Enhancer of

Statement

Reference

SCAR^Δ37 is an enhancer of abnormal neuroanatomy | embryonic stage phenotype of Scer\GAL4^eg.PU, fra^{ΔC.UAS.Tag:HA}

(Chaudhari et al., 2024)

SCAR^Δ37/SCAR[+] is an enhancer of abnormal cell migration phenotype of Csk^GD9345, Scer\GAL4^ptc-559.1

(Rudrapatna et al., 2014)

SCAR^Δ37/SCAR[+] is an enhancer of visible phenotype of Df(3L)Exel8098/Cip4^Δ32

(Fricke et al., 2009)

Suppressor of

Statement

Reference

SCAR^Δ37/SCAR[+] is a suppressor | partially of majority die during embryonic stage phenotype of crb^GX24w-, crb^Y10A

(Flores-Benitez and Knust, 2015)

SCAR^Δ37/SCAR[+] is a suppressor of abnormal neuroanatomy | dominant phenotype of Fmr1^unspecified

(Schenck et al., 2004)

NOT Suppressor of

Statement

Reference

SCAR^Δ37/SCAR[+] is a non-suppressor of abnormal cell migration | oogenesis phenotype of cyri^Δ11/Df(3L)ED4457

(Rötte et al., 2024)

SCAR^Δ37/SCAR[+] is a non-suppressor of abnormal neuroanatomy | larval stage phenotype of Abl⁴/Abl¹

(Lin et al., 2009)

SCAR^Δ37 is a non-suppressor of visible phenotype of Abi^{UAS.Tag:Myr(Src64B)}, Scer\GAL4^sca-537.4

(Bogdan et al., 2005)

SCAR^Δ37/SCAR[+] is a non-suppressor of abnormal neuroanatomy phenotype of LIMK1^UAS.Tag:HA, Scer\GAL4^ey-OK107

(Ng and Luo, 2004)

Other

Statement

Reference

Abi⁵, SCAR^Δ37/SCAR[+] has abnormal neuroanatomy | dominant | third instar larval stage phenotype

(Kim et al., 2019)

SCAR^Δ37/SCAR[+], crb^GX24w-, crb^Y10A has visible phenotype

(Flores-Benitez and Knust, 2015)

Csk^GD9345, SCAR^Δ37 has lethal phenotype

(Rudrapatna et al., 2014)

Phenotype Manifest In

Enhanced by

Statement

Reference

SCAR^Δ37 has larval intersegmental nerve branch ISNb of A1-7 | embryonic stage phenotype, enhanceable by trio^123.4/trio[+]

(Kannan et al., 2017)

SCAR^Δ37 has larval intersegmental nerve branch ISNb of A1-7 | embryonic stage phenotype, enhanceable by Abi[+]/Abi^KO

(Kannan et al., 2017)

SCAR^Δ37 has embryonic myoblast phenotype, enhanceable by Pak3^del

(Duan et al., 2012)

Enhancer of

Statement

Reference

SCAR^Δ37 is an enhancer of larval EW neuron | embryonic stage phenotype of Scer\GAL4^eg.PU, fra^{ΔC.UAS.Tag:HA}

(Chaudhari et al., 2024)

SCAR^Δ37 is an enhancer of commissure | embryonic stage phenotype of Scer\GAL4^eg.PU, fra^{ΔC.UAS.Tag:HA}

(Chaudhari et al., 2024)

SCAR^Δ37/SCAR[+] is an enhancer of larval intersegmental nerve branch ISNb of A1-7 | embryonic stage phenotype of Abi^KO

(Kannan et al., 2017)

SCAR^Δ37/SCAR[+] is an enhancer of larval intersegmental nerve branch ISNb of A1-7 | embryonic stage phenotype of trio^123.4

(Kannan et al., 2017)

SCAR^Δ37/SCAR[+] is an enhancer of wing disc phenotype of Csk^GD9345, Scer\GAL4^ptc-559.1

(Rudrapatna et al., 2014)

SCAR^Δ37 is an enhancer of embryonic myoblast phenotype of Pak3^del

(Duan et al., 2012)

SCAR^Δ37/SCAR[+] is an enhancer of wing hair | increased number phenotype of Df(3L)Exel8098/Cip4^Δ32

(Fricke et al., 2009)

SCAR^Δ37 is an enhancer of myoblast | embryonic stage phenotype of Vrp1^f06715

(Berger et al., 2008)

SCAR^Δ37 is an enhancer of plasma membrane | embryonic stage phenotype of Vrp1^f06715

(Berger et al., 2008)

Suppressor of

Statement

Reference

SCAR^Δ37/SCAR^Δ37 is a suppressor | partially of interommatidial cell | somatic clone phenotype of Rac1^UAS.cLa, Scer\GAL4^Tub.PU

(Malin et al., 2024)

SCAR^Δ37/SCAR^Δ37 is a suppressor | partially of ommatidium | somatic clone phenotype of Rac1^UAS.cLa, Scer\GAL4^Tub.PU

(Malin et al., 2024)

SCAR^Δ37/SCAR[+] is a suppressor | partially of embryo | dorsal closure stage phenotype of crb^GX24w-, crb^Y10A

(Flores-Benitez and Knust, 2015)

SCAR^Δ37/SCAR[+] is a suppressor | partially of embryonic/first instar larval cuticle | embryonic stage phenotype of crb^GX24w-, crb^Y10A

(Flores-Benitez and Knust, 2015)

SCAR^Δ37/SCAR[+] is a suppressor of microchaeta phenotype of Abp1^{UAS.Tag:Myr(Src64B),GFP}, Scer\GAL4^sca.PU

(Koch et al., 2012)

SCAR^Δ37/SCAR[+] is a suppressor of embryonic/larval cuticle | embryonic stage phenotype of arm^043A01

(Sarpal et al., 2012)

SCAR^Δ37/SCAR[+] is a suppressor | partially of embryonic/larval cuticle | embryonic stage phenotype of α-Cat¹

(Sarpal et al., 2012)

SCAR^Δ37/SCAR[+] is a suppressor of neuromuscular junction & synapse phenotype of Fmr1^unspecified

(Schenck et al., 2004)

NOT Suppressor of

Statement

Reference

SCAR^Δ37/SCAR[+] is a non-suppressor of border follicle cell phenotype of cyri^Δ11/Df(3L)ED4457

(Rötte et al., 2024)

SCAR^Δ37/SCAR[+] is a non-suppressor of NMJ bouton | increased number phenotype of Abl⁴/Abl¹

(Lin et al., 2009)

SCAR^Δ37 is a non-suppressor of notopleural bristle | increased number phenotype of Abi^{UAS.Tag:Myr(Src64B)}, Scer\GAL4^sca-537.4

(Bogdan et al., 2005)

SCAR^Δ37/SCAR[+] is a non-suppressor of adult mushroom body phenotype of LIMK1^UAS.Tag:HA, Scer\GAL4^ey-OK107

(Ng and Luo, 2004)

Other

Statement

Reference

Abi⁵, SCAR^Δ37/SCAR[+] has NMJ bouton | third instar larval stage phenotype

(Kim et al., 2019)

Abi⁵, SCAR^Δ37/SCAR[+] has embryonic/larval neuromuscular junction | third instar larval stage phenotype

(Kim et al., 2019)

SCAR^Δ37/SCAR[+], crb^GX24w-, crb^Y10A has adult abdomen phenotype

(Flores-Benitez and Knust, 2015)

SCAR^Δ37, Vrp1^f06715 has longitudinal trunk visceral muscle primordium phenotype

(Rudolf et al., 2014)

SCAR^Δ37, Vrp1^f06715 has embryonic/larval gut | embryonic stage phenotype

(Rudolf et al., 2014)

SCAR^Δ37, Vrp1^f06715 has embryonic/larval midgut longitudinal visceral muscle cell | embryonic stage phenotype

(Rudolf et al., 2014)

SCAR^Δ37, Vrp1^f06715/Vrp1[+] has embryonic/larval midgut longitudinal visceral muscle cell | embryonic stage phenotype

(Rudolf et al., 2014)

SCAR^Δ37/SCAR[+], Vrp1^f06715 has embryonic/larval midgut longitudinal visceral muscle cell | embryonic stage phenotype

(Rudolf et al., 2014)

Additional Comments

Genetic Interactions

Statement

Reference

SCAR^Δ37/+;trio^123.4/+ or SCAR^Δ37/+;Abi^KO/+ double heterozygous embryos show stalling of the ISNb motor nerve at the junction of muscles 6 and 13 with failure to innervate muscle 12 in 51% and 79% of examined hemisegments, respectively - a strongly increased penetrance compared to any of the single heterozygotes.

(Kannan et al., 2017)

SCAR^Δ37/+ partially suppresses the embryonic lethality and dorsal closure defects seen in embryos expressing crb^Y10A in a crb^GX24w-/crb^GX24w- background, resulting in some adults surviving, although these adults show defects in abdominal development.

SCAR^Δ37/+ does not lead to any dorsal closure defects in embryos expressing crb^+tfos in a crb^GX24w-/crb^11A22 background.

(Flores-Benitez and Knust, 2015)

SCAR^Δ37;Vrp1^f06715 double homozygous mutant embryos show normal gut constriction but aberrant morphology. Longitudinal visceral muscle founder cells show aberrant migration and severe muscle fusion defects are observed: mostly mononucleated and binucleated muscle cells are seen at late embryonic stages. These defects are weaker in SCAR^Δ37/SCAR^Δ37;Vrp1^f06715/+ embryos (founder cell migration mostly normal though fusion defects are still observed) and not much improved in SCAR^Δ37/+;Vrp1^f06715/Vrp1^f06715 embryos (both founder cell migration and muscle fusion defects observed).

(Rudolf et al., 2014)

A SCAR^Δ37 heterozygous mutant background enhances the actin remodelling and subsequent basolateral invasion of epithelial cells seen in flies expressing Csk^GD9345 in a stripe of cells at the anterior/posterior boundary of the larval wing disc under the control of Scer\GAL4^ptc-559.1.

(Rudrapatna et al., 2014)

Pak3^del SCAR^Δ37 double mutant embryos have a more severe myoblast fusion defect than either single mutant.

(Duan et al., 2012)

Heterozygosity for SCAR^Δ37 suppresses the split microchaete phenotype caused by expression of Abp1^{Scer\UAS.T:Myr-Src64B,T:Avic\GFP} under the control of Scer\GAL4^sca.PU.

(Koch et al., 2012)

One copy of SCAR^Δ37 partially suppresses the cuticle defects seen in α-Cat¹ mutant embryos. Embryos show less severe defects on average and a fraction of embryos have normal heads. The phenotype is more severe when SCAR^Δ37 is introduced maternally rather than paternally.

One copy of SCAR^Δ37 partially suppresses the cuticle defects seen in arm^043A01 mutant embryos.

(Sarpal et al., 2012)

SCAR^Δ37/+ increases the fraction of wing cells that have multiple wing hairs in Cip4^Δ32/Df(3L)Exel8098 adults.

(Fricke et al., 2009)

The increased bouton number per muscle area that is seen at the neuromuscular junction of Abl¹/Abl⁴ larvae is suppressed by SCAR^Δ37/+.

(Lin et al., 2009)

SCAR^Δ37 Vrp1^f06715 double mutants exhibit a dramatically increased myoblast-fusion defect compared to the single mutants.

(Berger et al., 2008)

A SCAR^Δ37 heterozygous background enhances the patterning defects found in Scer\GAL4^GMR.PF>cindr^{dsRNA.PC.PD.Scer\UAS} mutants. The mean interommatidial precursor cell number and the number of cone and/or 1[o] cell errors is increased in these double mutants.

(Johnson et al., 2008)

The extra notopleural bristles induced by expression of Abi^{Scer\UAS.T:Myr1} under the control of Scer\GAL4^sca-537.4 are not suppressed by SCAR^Δ37.

(Bogdan et al., 2005)

The overgrown synapse phenotype seen at the neuromuscular junction of Fmr1^unspecified/+ larvae is suppressed by one copy of SCAR^Δ37. The reduced synaptic length seen at the neuromuscular junction of Hem⁰³³³⁵/+ larvae is not modified by SCAR^Δ37/+.

(Schenck et al., 2004)

Xenogenetic Interactions

Statement

Reference

Complementation and Rescue Data

Rescued by

SCAR^Δ37/SCAR[+] is rescued by Scer\GAL4^elav-C155/SCAR^UASp.cZa

(Schenck et al., 2004)

SCAR^Δ37 is rescued by Scer\GAL4^αTub84B.PL/SCAR^UASp.cZa

(Zallen et al., 2002)

Comments

Images (0)

Mutant

Wild-type

Stocks (1)

Bloomington

8754

w^*; SCAR^Δ37 P{neoFRT}40A/CyO

Notes on Origin

Discoverer

External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 0 )

Synonyms and Secondary IDs (9)

Reported As

Symbol Synonym

SCAR^D37

(Ng and Luo, 2004)

SCAR^Δ37

(Malin et al., 2024, Malin et al., 2022, Park et al., 2022, Yaniv et al., 2020, Cloud et al., 2019, Kim et al., 2019, Trylinski and Schweisguth, 2019, Qu et al., 2017, Flores-Benitez and Knust, 2015, Rudrapatna et al., 2014, Sarpal et al., 2012, Galy et al., 2011, Zhu and Bhat, 2011, Johnson et al., 2008, Qurashi et al., 2007, Richardson et al., 2007)

Scar^Δ37

(Badmos et al., 2021, Bothe et al., 2014, Berger et al., 2008)

WAVE^D37

(Zhu and Bhat, 2011)

scar^Δ37

(Chaudhari et al., 2024, Chaudhari et al., 2021, Hamp et al., 2016, Rudolf et al., 2014, Kaipa et al., 2013, Duan et al., 2012, Gault et al., 2012, Koch et al., 2012, Levayer et al., 2011, Stephan et al., 2011, Gohl et al., 2010, Sens et al., 2010, Fricke et al., 2009, Lin et al., 2009, Corrigall et al., 2007, Bogdan et al., 2005, Bogdan and Klambt, 2003)

scarD37

(Kannan et al., 2017)

scarΔ37

(Squarr et al., 2016)

wave^Δ37

(Höhne et al., 2025, Hirschhäuser et al., 2021)

waveΔ37

(Rötte et al., 2024)

Name Synonyms

Secondary FlyBase IDs

References (46)

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