FB2026_01 , released March 12, 2026
FB2026_01 , released March 12, 2026
Gene: Dmel\Nup44A
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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\Nup44A
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
Nucleoporin at 44A
Annotation Symbol
CG8722
Feature Type
FlyBase ID
FBgn0033247
Gene Model Status
Stock Availability
Gene Summary
Nucleoporin at 44A (Nup44A) encodes a nuclear pore protein involved in TORC1 signaling, autophagy and oogenesis. [Date last reviewed: 2019-07-11] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)
Also Known As

seh1

Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
Sequence location
Recombination map
2-58
RefSeq locus
NT_033778 REGION:7988462..7991283
Sequence
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
Function
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (19 terms)
Molecular Function (1 term)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
Biological Process (11 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (11 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
inferred from mutant phenotype
inferred from mutant phenotype
inferred from mutant phenotype
involved_in oogenesis
inferred from mutant phenotype
inferred from mutant phenotype
inferred from mutant phenotype
inferred from mutant phenotype
inferred from mutant phenotype
inferred from mutant phenotype
inferred from mutant phenotype
inferred from mutant phenotype
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000111887
Cellular Component (7 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (5 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in autolysosome
inferred from direct assay
located_in lysosome
inferred from direct assay
located_in nuclear envelope
inferred from direct assay
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:mio; FB:FBgn0031399
inferred from direct assay
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (3 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
traceable author statement
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000111811
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with SGD:S000003068
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000111887
Protein Family (UniProt)
Belongs to the WD repeat SEC13 family. (Q7K2X8)
Summaries
Gene Snapshot
Nucleoporin at 44A (Nup44A) encodes a nuclear pore protein involved in TORC1 signaling, autophagy and oogenesis. [Date last reviewed: 2019-07-11]
Gene Group (FlyBase)
NUCLEAR PORE COMPLEX -
The Nuclear Pore Complex (NPC) is a large protein complex embedded in the nuclear membrane that facilitates nucleocytoplasmic traffic. The NPC is composed of approximately 30 different proteins: the nucleoporins. The NPC displays 8-fold symmetry and each nucleoporin is present in multiple copies. From the central ring that forms the pore, filaments protrude into the cytoplasm (cytoplasmic filaments) and the nucleoplasm (nuclear basket). Many nucleoporins contain FG repeats which are thought to act as a diffusion barrier and docking sight for transport receptors (karyopherins). Export and import is controlled by the interaction of the karyopherins with localization and export sequences. (Adapted from FBrf0220062 and PMID:21495847).
GATOR2 COMPLEX -
GATOR2 is a subcomplex of the GATOR or SEA complex. It suppresses the Rag GTPase activating protein activity of the GATOR1 subcomplex, promoting TORC1 activity. (Adapted from FBrf0232362 and PMID:25934700).
Protein Function (UniProtKB)
Probable component of the nuclear pore complex (NPC) (By similarity). Involved in maintaining the localization of another nucleoporin Mgtor to the nuclear envelope of early meiotic female germline cells (PubMed:21521741). It is not involved in recruiting the nucleoporins Mgtor, Nup107, Nup153 and FG-containing nucleoporins to the NPC (PubMed:21521741). An essential component of the GATOR subcomplex GATOR2 which functions as an activator of the amino acid-sensing branch of the mTORC1 signaling pathway (PubMed:23723238, PubMed:27166823). The two GATOR subcomplexes, GATOR1 and GATOR2, regulate the mTORC1 pathway in order to mediate metabolic homeostasis, female gametogenesis and the response to amino acid limitation and complete starvation (PubMed:23723238, PubMed:25512509, PubMed:27166823). GATOR2 activates the mTORC1 signaling pathway through the inhibition of the GATOR1 subcomplex, controlling the switch to cell proliferation growth under nutrient replete conditions and growth during female oocyte development (PubMed:21521741, PubMed:23723238, PubMed:25512509, PubMed:27166823). This component is required for activating mTORC1 specifically in germline cells to promote cell growth and maintain the oocyte fate, probably influences the organization and/or function of microtubules within ovarian cysts, and promotes accumulation of another GATOR2 complex member mio in germline and somatic tissues (PubMed:21521741, PubMed:23723238, PubMed:25512509, PubMed:27166823). GATOR1 and GATOR2 act at different stages of oogenesis to regulate mTORC1 in order to control meiotic entry and promote oocyte growth and development (PubMed:25512509). After exactly four mitotic cyst divisions, the GATOR1 complex members (Iml1, Nprl2 and Nprl3) down-regulate mTORC1 to slow cellular metabolism and promote the mitotic/meiotic transition (PubMed:25512509). At later stages of oogenesis, the mio and Nup44A components of the GATOR2 complex inhibit GATOR1 and thus activate mTORC1 to promote meiotic progression, and drive oocyte growth and development (PubMed:21521741, PubMed:25512509). In addition to its role in the regulation of the mTORC1 complex, functions independently of mTORC1 to prevent the inappropriate accumulation of autolysosomes in germline tissues (PubMed:27166823).
(UniProt, Q7K2X8)
Summary (Interactive Fly)

component of a nucleoporin subcomplex - a binding parter of Missing oocyte; regulates nuclear architecture and meiotic progression in early ovarian cysts

Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
3
Number of Unique Polypeptides
1

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\Nup44A for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Structure
Protein 3D structure   (Predicted by AlphaFold)   (AlphaFold entry Q7K2X8)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.
Model Confidence:
  • Very high (pLDDT > 90)
  • Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
  • Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
  • Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures
Crossreferences
Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.49

Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.

Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
FBtr0088862
1208
354
FBtr0088860
1283
354
FBtr0088861
1331
354
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
UniProt
RefSeq ID
GenBank
FBpp0087938
39.5
354
6.70
FBpp0087936
39.5
354
6.70
FBpp0087937
39.5
354
6.70
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

The group(s) of polypeptides indicated below share identical sequence to each other.

354 aa isoforms: Nup44A-PA, Nup44A-PB, Nup44A-PC
Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)
Comments
External Data
Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)

Probable component of the nuclear pore complex (NPC) (By similarity). Component of the GATOR complex consisting of mio, Nup44A/Seh1, Im11, Nplr3, Nplr2, Wdr24, Wdr59 and Sec13 (PubMed:27166823). Within the GATOR complex, probable component of the GATOR2 subcomplex which is likely composed of mio, Nup44A/Seh1, Wdr24, Wdr59 and Sec13 (PubMed:27166823). Interacts with mio (PubMed:21521741). Interacts with Wdr24 (PubMed:27166823). The GATOR2 complex associates with unmet in the absence of S-adenosyl-L-methionine; the mio-Wdr24-Nup44A subcomplex is essential and sufficient for this interaction while Wdr59 and Sec13 are dispensable (PubMed:38514639). This association acts as a nutrient sensor to inhibit mTORC1 signaling in the absence of methionine (PubMed:38514639).

(UniProt, Q7K2X8)
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\Nup44A using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
Linkouts
Expression Data
Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

3.46

Transcript Expression
in situ
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
mass spectroscopy
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in autolysosome
inferred from direct assay
located_in lysosome
inferred from direct assay
located_in nuclear envelope
inferred from direct assay
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:mio; FB:FBgn0031399
inferred from direct assay
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\Nup44A in JBrowse
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
Images
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 7 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 10 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of Nup44A
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of Nup44A
Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 1 )
Inferred from experimentation ( 1 )
Inferred from location ( 4 )
Variants
Variant Molecular Consequences
Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
Phenotypes
Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Homo sapiens (Human) (15)
14 of 14
Yes
Yes
2 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1  
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1  
1 of 14
No
No
1  
1 of 14
No
No
1  
1 of 14
No
No
2  
1 of 14
No
No
4  
1 of 14
No
Yes
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (12)
4 of 14
Yes
Yes
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
Yes
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
Yes
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (10)
14 of 14
Yes
Yes
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
Yes
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (14)
11 of 13
Yes
Yes
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
Yes
1 of 13
No
No
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (11)
14 of 14
Yes
Yes
2 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (11)
14 of 14
Yes
Yes
2 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (10)
12 of 12
Yes
Yes
1 of 12
No
No
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (14)
7 of 13
Yes
Yes
2 of 13
No
No
2 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
Yes
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (9)
12 of 13
Yes
Yes
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (7)
12 of 12
Yes
Yes
1 of 12
No
No
1 of 12
No
No
1 of 12
No
No
1 of 12
No
No
1 of 12
No
No
1 of 12
No
No
Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)
Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)
Data provided directly from OrthoDB:Nup44A. Refer to their site for version information.
Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (9)
4 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
    Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
    Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 0 )
    Human Ortholog
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 2 )
    Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)
    Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
    Homo sapiens (Human)
    Gene name
    Score
    OMIM
    OMIM Phenotype
    DO term
    Complementation?
    Transgene?
    Functional Complementation Data
    Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
    Interactions
    Summary of Physical Interactions
    Summary of Genetic Interactions
    Interaction Browsers

    Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions
    Starting gene(s)
    Interaction type
    Interacting gene(s)
    Reference
    Starting gene(s)
    Interaction type
    Interacting gene(s)
    Reference
    External Data
    Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)
    Probable component of the nuclear pore complex (NPC) (By similarity). Component of the GATOR complex consisting of mio, Nup44A/Seh1, Im11, Nplr3, Nplr2, Wdr24, Wdr59 and Sec13 (PubMed:27166823). Within the GATOR complex, probable component of the GATOR2 subcomplex which is likely composed of mio, Nup44A/Seh1, Wdr24, Wdr59 and Sec13 (PubMed:27166823). Interacts with mio (PubMed:21521741). Interacts with Wdr24 (PubMed:27166823). The GATOR2 complex associates with unmet in the absence of S-adenosyl-L-methionine; the mio-Wdr24-Nup44A subcomplex is essential and sufficient for this interaction while Wdr59 and Sec13 are dispensable (PubMed:38514639). This association acts as a nutrient sensor to inhibit mTORC1 signaling in the absence of methionine (PubMed:38514639).
    (UniProt, Q7K2X8 )
    Linkouts
    BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
    DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
    MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
    MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
    Pathways
    Class of Gene
    Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
    Chromosome (arm)
    2R
    Recombination map
    2-58
    Cytogenetic map
    Sequence location
    FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
    Cytogenetic map
    Evidence for location
    44A2-44A2
    Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{lacW}CSN4k08018&P{lacW}l(2)k08504k08504 and P{lacW}Vps28k16503
    Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
    Cytogenetic map
    Notes
    References
    Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
    Location
    Left of (cM)
    Right of (cM)
    Notes
    Stocks and Reagents
    Stocks (13)
    Genomic Clones (10)
     

    Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

    cDNA Clones (29)
     

    Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

    cDNA clones, fully sequenced
    BDGP DGC clones
    Other clones
      Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

      For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

      cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
      RNAi and Array Information
      Linkouts
      DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
      Antibody Information
      Laboratory Generated Antibodies
       
      Commercially Available Antibodies
       
      Cell Line Information
      Publicly Available Cell Lines
       
        Other Stable Cell Lines
         
          Other Comments
          Relationship to Other Genes
          Source for database merge of
          Additional comments

          FlyBase Curator comment: Correspondence with author Lan Xu revealed that 'seh1' = CG8722.

          Nomenclature History
          Source for database identify of

          Source for identity of: nup44A CG8722

          Nomenclature comments
          Etymology
          Synonyms and Secondary IDs (14)
          Datasets (0)
          Study focus (0)
          Experimental Role
          Project
          Project Type
          Title
          Study result (0)
          Result
          Result Type
          Title
          External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 60 )
          Sequence Crossreferences
          NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
          GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
          GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
          RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
          UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.
          UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
          Other crossreferences
          AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.
          BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
          DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
          EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
          FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
          FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics
          KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
          MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)
          Linkouts
          BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
          Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
          DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
          DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
          Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
          FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
          FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
          Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
          Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
          FlyMet - A comprehensive tissue-specific metabolomics resource for Drosophila.
          iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)
          Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution
          KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
          MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
          MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
          SignaLink - A signaling pathway resource with multi-layered regulatory networks.
          References (82)