FlyBase Gene Report: Dmel\Ar1

General Information

Symbol

Dmel\Ar1

Species

D. melanogaster

Name

Aldose reductase 1

Annotation Symbol

CG6084

Feature Type

protein_coding_gene

FlyBase ID

FBgn0086254

Gene Model Status

Current

Stock Availability

12 publicly available

Enzyme Name (EC)

glucuronate reductase (1.1.1.19)

aldose reductase (1.1.1.21)

NADP-retinol dehydrogenase (1.1.1.300)

allyl-alcohol dehydrogenase (1.1.1.54)

glycerol dehydrogenase (NADP(+)) (1.1.1.72)

Gene Summary

Aldose reductase 1 (Ar1) encodes an enzyme that catalyzes the NADPH-dependent reduction of aldose sugars and other carbonyl-containing compounds to their corresponding alcohols. It is involved in the biosynthesis of D-fructose from D-glucose. [Date last reviewed: 2024-11-21] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)

All Summaries

Gene Snapshot
Alliance
Auto summary
Gene Group
UniProtKB
Interactive Fly

Also Known As

Aldose reductase, akr1B

Key Links

Genomic Location

Cytogenetic map

68C15-68C15

Sequence location

3L:11,620,535..11,624,381 [-]

Recombination map

3-36

RefSeq locus

NT_037436 REGION:11620535..11624381

Sequence

Get Decorated FASTA

Genomic Maps

JBrowse

Other Genome Views

The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.

Function

Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (16 terms)

Molecular Function (7 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)

CV Term

Evidence

References

enables aldose reductase (NADPH) activity

inferred from direct assay

(Yang et al., 2019)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (7 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

enables aldose reductase (NADPH) activity

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000198921

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:P15121

(Gene Ontology Curators, 2002-)

enables all-trans-retinol dehydrogenase (NADP+) activity

inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:P15121

(Gene Ontology Curators, 2002-)

enables allyl-alcohol dehydrogenase activity

inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:P15121

(Gene Ontology Curators, 2002-)

enables glycerol dehydrogenase (NADP+) activity

inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:P15121

(Gene Ontology Curators, 2002-)

enables L-glucuronate reductase activity

inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:Q9JII6

(Gene Ontology Curators, 2002-)

enables oxidoreductase activity

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR018170, InterPro:IPR020471

(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)

enables prostaglandin H2 endoperoxidase reductase activity

inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:P15121

(Gene Ontology Curators, 2002-)

Biological Process (4 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (3 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

involved_in D-sorbitol biosynthetic process

inferred from genetic interaction with UniProtKB:Q9VTY2

(Sano et al., 2022)

involved_in fructose biosynthetic process

inferred from genetic interaction with UniProtKB:Q9VTY2

(Sano et al., 2022)

involved_in polyol biosynthetic process

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Yang et al., 2019)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)

CV Term

Evidence

References

involved_in D-glucuronate catabolic process to D-xylulose 5-phosphate

inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:Q9JII6

(Gene Ontology Curators, 2002-)

Cellular Component (5 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (3 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

located_in cytosol

inferred from high throughput direct assay

(Lye et al., 2014)

located_in extracellular region

inferred from direct assay

(Yang et al., 2019)

located_in nucleoplasm

inferred from high throughput direct assay

(Lye et al., 2014)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (3 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

located_in cytoplasm

inferred from experiment

(Mellentine et al., 2023)

is_active_in cytosol

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000198921

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

located_in mitochondrion

inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:P15121

(Gene Ontology Curators, 2002-)

Gene Group (FlyBase)

ALDOSE REDUCTASES

Pathway (FlyBase)

FRUCTOSE BIOSYNTHESIS

Protein Family (UniProt)

Belongs to the aldo/keto reductase family. (M9PF61)

Protein Signatures (InterPro)

Catalytic Activity (EC/Rhea)

aldose reductase (NADPH) activity

(1) an alditol + NAD(+) = an aldose + NADH + H(+) (1.1.1.21)

(2) an alditol + NADP(+) = an aldose + NADPH + H(+) (1.1.1.21)

RHEA 12789: L-glucuronate reductase activity

L-gulonate + NADP(+) = aldehydo-D-glucuronate + NADPH + H(+) (1.1.1.19)

RHEA 14909: glycerol dehydrogenase (NADP+) activity

glycerol + NADP(+) = D-glyceraldehyde + NADPH + H(+) (1.1.1.72)

RHEA 23592: allyl-alcohol dehydrogenase activity

allyl alcohol + NADP(+) = acrolein + NADPH + H(+) (1.1.1.54)

RHEA 12168: prostaglandin H2 endoperoxidase reductase activity
RHEA 45312: all-trans-retinol dehydrogenase (NADP+) activity

all-trans-retinol + NADP(+) = all-trans-retinal + NADPH + H(+) (1.1.1.300)

RHEA 25033:

Summaries

Gene Snapshot

Gene Group (FlyBase)

ALDOSE REDUCTASES -: Aldose reductases catalyze the conversion between alditol and aldose, using NADP as a cofactor.

Pathway (FlyBase)

FRUCTOSE BIOSYNTHESIS -: Fructose can be produced in the cytosol from glucose via the production of the polyol, sorbitol. Fructose synthesis from dietary glucose is used as a feedback mechanism to regulate glucose metabolic pathways. (Adapted from FBrf0253831.)

Protein Function (UniProtKB)

Catalyzes the NADPH-dependent reduction of a wide variety of carbonyl-containing compounds to their corresponding alcohols. Displays enzymatic activity towards endogenous metabolites such as aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes, ketones, monosaccharides, bile acids and xenobiotics substrates. Key enzyme in the polyol pathway, catalyzes reduction of glucose to sorbitol during hyperglycemia. Reduces steroids and their derivatives and prostaglandins (By similarity). Through production of prostaglandin F2alpha may regulate the activity of non-muscle myosin II in an autocrine or paracrine fashion; influences border cell and nurse cell stiffness to facilitate border cell cluster migration (PubMed:38283991). Also regulates the cell surface localization of integrins in an autocrine or paracrine fashion; influences border cell adhesion to maintain border cell cluster morphology (PubMed:38283991). In hemocytes, probably contributes to production of sugar alcohols in the hemolymph, which act as alarmins involved in gut-fat body innate immunological communication (GFIC); leads to activation of the imd/Relish signaling pathway in the fat body (PubMed:31350199).

(UniProt, M9PF61)

Gene Model and Products

Number of Transcripts

Number of Unique Polypeptides

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\Ar1 for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)

Isoform displayed:

Pfam protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Protein Domains (via SMART)

Isoform displayed:

SMART protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Structure

Protein 3D structure (Predicted by AlphaFold) (AlphaFold entry M9PF61)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.

Model Confidence:

Very high (pLDDT > 90)
Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures

Crossreferences

Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.45

Transcript Data

Annotated Transcripts

Name

FlyBase ID

RefSeq ID

Length (nt)

Assoc. CDS (aa)

Ar1-RA

FBtr0076139

NM_140227

1135

316

Ar1-RB

FBtr0076138

NM_168467

1353

350

Ar1-RC

FBtr0331546

NM_001274787

1172

350

Ar1-RD

FBtr0331547

NM_001274788

1316

316

Additional Transcript Data and Comments

Reported size (kB)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

Polypeptide Data

Annotated Polypeptides

Name

FlyBase ID

Predicted MW (kDa)

Length (aa)

Theoretical pI

UniProt

RefSeq ID

GenBank

Ar1-PA

FBpp0075870

35.9

316

6.63

FBpp0075869

40.1

350

8.03

FBpp0303936

40.1

350

7.78

FBpp0303937

35.9

316

6.79

M9PI17

NP_001261717

AGB94411

Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

None of the polypeptides share 100% sequence identity.

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments

Reported size (kDa)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

Linkouts

Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model

Nucleotide / Polypeptide Records

UniProt

M9PF61

Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\Ar1 using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data

Crossreferences

Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.

Linkouts

Expression Data

Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

-0.36

Transcript Expression

in situ

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage 1 -- 3

organism

Comment: maternally deposited

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 4 -- 6

organism

Comment: rapidly degraded

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 13 -- 16

embryonic/larval fat body

(Fisher et al., 2012)

Additional Descriptive Data

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Polypeptide Expression

mass spectroscopy

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

adult stage

adult head

• membrane

(Aradska et al., 2015)

day 5 of adulthood | male -- day 7 of adulthood | male

spermatozoon

(Wasbrough et al., 2010, Dorus et al., 2006)

day 7 of adulthood -- day 49 of adulthood

adult heart

(Cammarato et al., 2011)

Additional Descriptive Data

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Evidence

References

located_in cytosol

inferred from high throughput direct assay

(Lye et al., 2014)

located_in extracellular region

inferred from direct assay

(Yang et al., 2019)

located_in nucleoplasm

inferred from high throughput direct assay

(Lye et al., 2014)

Expression Deduced from Reporters

Reporter: P{PTT-GC}Ar1^G00112

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

oogenesis & adult stage | female

nurse cell

• nucleus

(Cooley et al., 2003.5)

follicle cell

• nucleus

(Cooley et al., 2003.5)

main body follicle cell

• nucleus

(Cooley et al., 2003.5)

Reporter: PBac{754.P.FSVS-0}Ar1^CPTI002728

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

adult stage

medulla

(Knowles-Barley, 2011.8.24)

adult brain cell body rind

(Knowles-Barley, 2011.8.24)

High-Throughput Expression Data

Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\Ar1 in JBrowse

RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region

View exonic expression by developmental stage for Dmel\Ar1

View exonic expression by tissue for Dmel\Ar1

Bulk Downloads

RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes

Reference

See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.

Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle

Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis

External Data and Images

Linkouts

BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis

FBgn0086254

DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species

39304/tissue=All

EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species

FBgn0086254

FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data

FBgn0086254

Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns

Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut

FBgn0086254

Images

FlyExpress - Embryonic expression images (BDGP data)

Show all FlyExpress processed images for Dmel\Ar1

Stages(s) 1-3
Stages(s) 13-16

FlyBase Wiki

Image Based Resources

Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations

Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 11 )

For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show

Other relevant insertions

Transgenic Constructs ( 5 )

For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show

Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of Ar1

Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of Ar1

Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 2 )

Inferred from experimentation ( 2 )

Gene disrupted in

Df(3L)BSC577

(Mellentine et al., 2023)

Df(3L)ED4475

(Mellentine et al., 2023)

Inferred from location ( 6 )

Variants

Variant Molecular Consequences

Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants

Phenotypes

For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.

Lethality

Allele

viable

viable, with Dcr-2^UAS.cDa, Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu

Ar1^GD11810

viable, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

Ar1^GD11810

Sterility

Allele

fertile

Other Phenotypes

Allele

abnormal cell migration | oogenesis

abnormal cell migration | oogenesis, with Scer\GAL4^c355

Ar1^HMS05657

abnormal cell migration | oogenesis (with Df(3L)BSC577)

Ar1^PL00034

abnormal cell migration | oogenesis (with Df(3L)ED4475)

Ar1^PL00034

visible, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

Ar1^GD11810

Phenotype manifest in

Allele

border follicle cell

border follicle cell, with Scer\GAL4^c355

Ar1^HMS05657

border follicle cell, with Scer\GAL4^VP16.osk

Ar1^HMS05657

border follicle cell (with Df(3L)BSC577)

Ar1^PL00034

border follicle cell (with Df(3L)ED4475)

Ar1^PL00034

trichogen cell, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

Ar1^GD11810

Orthologs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Orthologs

Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Homo sapiens (Human) (15)

Hsap\AKR1B1

13 of 14

Yes

Hsap\AKR1B10

13 of 14

Yes

Hsap\AKR1B15

11 of 14

Yes

Hsap\AKR1E2

10 of 14

Yes

Hsap\AKR1D1

9 of 14

Yes

8 of 14

8 of 14

8 of 14

7 of 14

7 of 14

3 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (20)

Rnor\Akr1b1

13 of 14

Yes

Rnor\Akr1b8

13 of 14

Yes

Rnor\Akr1b7

12 of 14

Yes

Rnor\Akr1b10

12 of 14

Yes

Rnor\Akr1e2

12 of 14

Yes

Rnor\Akr1c1

8 of 14

Yes

Rnor\Akr1c3

8 of 14

Yes

Rnor\Akr1c15

8 of 14

Rnor\Akr1c19

8 of 14

Rnor\Akr1d1

8 of 14

Yes

Rnor\RGD1564865

8 of 14

Yes

Rnor\Akr1a1

7 of 14

Rnor\Akr1c2

7 of 14

Yes

7 of 14

7 of 14

7 of 14

7 of 14

Yes

Rnor\Akr7a2

1 of 14

Rnor\Akr7a3

1 of 14

Rnor\Gclm

1 of 14

Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (18)

Mmus\Akr1b3

13 of 14

Yes

Mmus\Akr1b8

13 of 14

Yes

Mmus\Akr1b7

12 of 14

Yes

Mmus\Akr1b10

12 of 14

Yes

Mmus\Akr1e1

12 of 14

Yes

Mmus\Akr1c6

9 of 14

Yes

Mmus\Akr1c18

8 of 14

Yes

Mmus\Akr1d1

8 of 14

Yes

7 of 14

7 of 14

7 of 14

7 of 14

Yes

Mmus\Akr1c19

7 of 14

Mmus\Akr1c20

7 of 14

Yes

Mmus\Akr1c21

7 of 14

Yes

Mmus\Akr1cl

6 of 14

Yes

Mmus\Akr7a5

1 of 14

Mmus\Gclm

1 of 14

Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (21)

Xtro\akr1b1

7 of 13

Yes

Xtro\akr1a1

5 of 13

Xtro\LOC101733893

5 of 13

Yes

Xtro\akr1c1

4 of 13

Yes

Xtro\akr1d1

4 of 13

Yes

3 of 13

3 of 13

3 of 13

3 of 13

Yes

3 of 13

3 of 13

3 of 13

2 of 13

2 of 13

Yes

Xtro\acp6

1 of 13

Xtro\akr1c8p

1 of 13

Yes

Xtro\akr7a2

1 of 13

Yes

Xtro\LOC100494522

1 of 13

Yes

Xtro\prl.1

1 of 13

Yes

Xtro\XB5731323

1 of 13

Yes

Xtro\XB5994047

1 of 13

Yes

Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (10)

Drer\akr1b1.1

13 of 14

Yes

Drer\akr1b1.2

13 of 14

Yes

Drer\akr1a1a

8 of 14

Drer\akr1a1b

7 of 14

Yes

6 of 14

3 of 14

3 of 14

3 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (14)

Cele\Y39G8B.1

12 of 14

Yes

Cele\C07D8.6

9 of 14

Cele\ZC443.1

9 of 14

Yes

Cele\exc-15

8 of 14

Yes

Cele\Y39G8B.2

8 of 14

Yes

4 of 14

4 of 14

4 of 14

4 of 14

3 of 14

3 of 14

Yes

Cele\C56G3.2

3 of 14

Cele\K07C5.2

3 of 14

Cele\scd-1

2 of 14

Yes

Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (13)

Agam\AgaP_AGAP011050

11 of 12

Yes

Agam\AgaP_AGAP011051

11 of 12

Yes

Agam\AgaP_AGAP011066

8 of 12

Yes

Agam\AgaP_AGAP011068

8 of 12

Yes

6 of 12

6 of 12

6 of 12

5 of 12

Yes

Agam\AgaP_AGAP010250

4 of 12

Agam\AgaP_AGAP011052

4 of 12

Agam\AgaP_AGAP012852

3 of 12

Yes

Agam\AgaP_AGAP009187

2 of 12

Yes

Agam\AgaP_AGAP012038

1 of 12

Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (10)

Atha\AKR4C8

12 of 13

Yes

Atha\AKR4C10

12 of 13

Yes

Atha\AKR4C11

12 of 13

Yes

Atha\ChlAKR

12 of 13

Yes

Atha\AT2G21250

10 of 13

Yes

Atha\AT2G21260

10 of 13

Yes

Atha\AT5G62420

9 of 13

Yes

Atha\AT1G59950

6 of 13

Yes

Atha\AT1G59960

6 of 13

Yes

Atha\AT5G01670

5 of 13

Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (11)

Scer\GRE3

9 of 13

Yes

8 of 13

8 of 13

3 of 13

3 of 13

2 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (7)

Spom\SPAC26F1.07

11 of 12

Yes

Spom\SPBC8E4.04

11 of 12

Yes

Spom\SPAP32A8.02

3 of 12

Yes

Spom\SPAC2F3.05c

2 of 12

Spom\SPAC19G12.09

2 of 12

Yes

Spom\SPBC28F2.05c

2 of 12

Spom\SPCC737.06c

1 of 12

Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (5)

Ecol\dkgA

8 of 11

Yes

2 of 11

2 of 11

1 of 11

1 of 11

Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)

Data provided directly from OrthoDB:Ar1. Refer to their site for version information.

Paralogs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Paralogs

Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Gene Symbol

Score

Source

Alignment

Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (11)

Ar2

11 of 13

Ar3

11 of 13

Ar6

11 of 13

Ar7

11 of 13

Ar4

10 of 13

ARY

10 of 13

Ar5

9 of 13

CG3397

1 of 13

CG18547

1 of 13

Gclm

1 of 13

Human Disease Associations

FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports

Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Allele

Disease

Evidence

References

Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 1 )

Human Ortholog

Disease

Evidence

References

AKR1D1; aldo-keto reductase family 1 member D1

model of congenital bile acid synthesis defect 2

IEA

(FlyBase, 2019-)

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Allele

Disease

Interaction

References

Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)

Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.

Homo sapiens (Human)

Gene name

Score

OMIM

OMIM Phenotype

DO term

Complementation?

Transgene?

AKR1B1; aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B

13 of 14

103880

AKR1B10; aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10

13 of 14

604707

AKR1B15; aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B15

11 of 14

616336

AKR1E2; aldo-keto reductase family 1 member E2

10 of 14

617451

AKR1D1; aldo-keto reductase family 1 member D1

9 of 14

604741

BILE ACID SYNTHESIS DEFECT, CONGENITAL, 2; CBAS2

congenital bile acid synthesis defect 2

AKR1C1; aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C1

8 of 14

600449

AKR1C2; aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C2

8 of 14

600450

46,XY SEX REVERSAL 8; SRXY8

46,XY sex reversal 8

AKR1C3; aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C3

8 of 14

603966

AKR1A1; aldo-keto reductase family 1 member A1

7 of 14

103830

AKR1C4; aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C4

7 of 14

600451

46,XY SEX REVERSAL 8; SRXY8

46,XY sex reversal 8

AKR1C8; aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C8

3 of 14

Functional Complementation Data

Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.

Interactions

Summary of Physical Interactions

Interaction Browsers

View in FlyBase Interactions Browser View in MIST tool (external link)

Please see the Physical Interaction reports below for full details

protein-protein

Physical Interaction

Assay

References

Ar1 - ATPsynCF6

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

Ar1 - Akap200

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

Ar1 - AnxB10

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

Ar1 - AnxB9

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

Ar1 - Ar2

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

Ar1 - Ar3

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

Ar1 - Ar5

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

Ar1 - Bacc

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

Ar1 - CG11267

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

Ar1 - CG14715

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

Ar1 - CG2852

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

Ar1 - CG9705

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

Ar1 - Calr

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

Ar1 - Chd64

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

Ar1 - Df31

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

Ar1 - EndoGI

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

Ar1 - Eno

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

Ar1 - Fkbp12

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

Ar1 - Fkbp14

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

Ar1 - Gdi

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

Ar1 - GstE6

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

Ar1 - GstO3

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

Ar1 - Gtpx

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

Ar1 - HINT1

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

Ar1 - Inos

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

Ar1 - Mdh2

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

Ar1 - Moe

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

Ar1 - Nacα

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

Ar1 - Nlp

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

Ar1 - Ntf-2

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

Ar1 - PCNA

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

Ar1 - Pdi

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

Ar1 - Pgam1

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

Ar1 - Pgd

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

Ar1 - Prosα4

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

Ar1 - Prx6c

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

Ar1 - RhoGDI

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

Ar1 - Sh3β

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

Ar1 - Sod2

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

Ar1 - Stip1

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

Ar1 - Sumo

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

Ar1 - Tkt

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

Ar1 - Trx2

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

Ar1 - Trxr1

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

Ar1 - Uch

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

Ar1 - awd

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

Ar1 - cPges

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

Ar1 - capt

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

Ar1 - chic

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

Ar1 - cib

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

Ar1 - eEF1δ

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

Ar1 - eEF5

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

Ar1 - fabp

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

Ar1 - regucalcin

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

Ar1 - scf

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

Ar1 - scu

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

Summary of Genetic Interactions

Interaction Browsers

View in FlyBase Interactions Browser View in MIST tool (external link)

Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

Ar1|Ar2

suppressible

Mondo

(Sano et al., 2022)

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

External Data

Linkouts

BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.

64666

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0086254

MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

39304

Pathways

Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)

Metabolic Pathways

FlyBase

FRUCTOSE BIOSYNTHESIS

External Links

FlyCyc Pathways - Pathways from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel

KEGG Metabolic Pathways - A collection of manually drawn metabolic pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.

Reactome Metabolic Pathways - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed metabolic pathway database.

External Data

Linkouts

KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.

Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.

Class of Gene

nuclear_gene

protein_coding_gene

Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data

Chromosome (arm)

Recombination map

3-36

Cytogenetic map

68C15-68C15

Sequence location

3L:11,620,535..11,624,381 [-]

FlyBase Computed Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Evidence for location

68C15-68C15

Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{PZ}l(3)01239⁰¹²³⁹&P{lacW}l(3)01239^j9B4 and P{PZ}CycA⁰²⁴⁶¹&P{PZ}CycA⁰³⁹⁴⁶

Experimentally Determined Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Notes

References

68D-68D

(determined by in situ hybridisation)

(Louis et al., 1997, EDGP Project Members, 1994-)

Experimentally Determined Recombination Data

Location

3-36

(FlyBase, 2016)

3-30.1

(Comeron et al., 2012)

Left of (cM)

Right of (cM)

Notes

Stocks and Reagents

Stocks (12)

Aberrations including deletions of this gene Aberrations including duplications of this gene

Bloomington

6835

w¹¹¹⁸; P{PTT-GC}Ar1^G00112

32758

y¹ w^*; Mi{MIC}Ar1^MI01518

16777

y¹ w^67c23; P{EPgy2}Ar1^EY07011

67433

y¹ w^*; Mi{Trojan-GAL4.0}Ar1^{MI01518-TG4.0}

62219

y¹ sc^* v¹ sev²¹; P{TRiP.HMC05226}attP40

67838

y¹ sc^* v¹ sev²¹; P{TRiP.HMS05657}attP40

19594

w^*; PBac{GAL4D,EYFP}Ar1^PL00034 P{FRT(w^hs)}2A P{neoFRT}82B

Kyoto

110591

w^* P{PTT-GC}Ar1^G00112

115566

w¹¹¹⁸; PBac{754.P.FSVS-0}Ar1^CPTI002728

NIG-Fly

6084R-1

P{NIG.6084R}1

VDRC

v27551

w¹¹¹⁸ P{GD11810}v27551

v27552

w¹¹¹⁸ P{GD11810}v27552

Genomic Clones (16)

Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

cDNA Clones (226)

Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

cDNA clones, fully sequenced

BDGP DGC clones

Other clones

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

FBgn0086254

cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)

BDGP DGC clones

Other clones

RNAi and Array Information

Linkouts

DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens

FBgn0086254

Antibody Information

Laboratory Generated Antibodies

polyclonal

(Mellentine et al., 2023)

Commercially Available Antibodies

Cell Line Information

Publicly Available Cell Lines

Other Stable Cell Lines

Other Comments

Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) down-regulates a distinct splice isoform(s) of this gene.

(Hansen et al., 2009)

The existence of this gene is tentative, and is based on a match of an STS sequence from a European Drosophila Genome Mapping Project cosmid.

Relationship to Other Genes

Source for database merge of

Source for merge of: CG6084 ESTS:34F4T

(FlyBase, 1996-)

Additional comments

Nomenclature History

Source for database identify of

Source for identity of: Akr1B CG6084

(Yang et al., 2019)

Source for identity of: Ar1 CG6084

(Yang et al., 2019)

Nomenclature comments

Etymology

Designated as "dAR1" (Drosophila Aldose reductase 1) based on its sequence similarity to human aldose reductases akr1b10 and ark1b1.

(Yang et al., 2019)

Synonyms and Secondary IDs (13)

Reported As

Symbol Synonym

34F4T

(Louis et al., 1997)

(Sano et al., 2022)

Akr1B

(Örkenby et al., 2023)

Ar1

(Zaru and Marygold, 2025)

ESTS:34F4T

akr1B

(Waller et al., 2025, Mellentine et al., 2023)

dAR1

(Yang et al., 2019)

Name Synonyms

Aldehyde reductase

(Liu et al., 2009)

Aldo-keto reductase 1B

Aldo/keto reductase

(Bozoky et al., 2009)

Aldose reductase

(Sano et al., 2022, Yang et al., 2019)

Aldose reductase 1

Secondary FlyBase IDs

FBgn0036182
FBgn0017641

Datasets (0)

Study focus (0)

Experimental Role

Project

Project Type

Title

Study result (0)

Result

Result Type

Title

External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 97 )

Sequence Crossreferences

NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.

39304

GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.

GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.

RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.

UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.

M9PF61

UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information

M9PF61

Other crossreferences

AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.

M9PF61

BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis

FBgn0086254

DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species

39304/tissue=All

EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species

FBgn0086254

FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data

FBgn0086254

FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics

FBgn0086254

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.

dme:Dmel_CG6084

MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)

39304

Linkouts

BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.

64666

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones

FBgn0086254

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0086254

DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens

FBgn0086254

Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.

FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel

FBGN0086254

FlyCyc Pathways - Pathways from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel

Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns

Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut

FBgn0086254

FlyMet - A comprehensive tissue-specific metabolomics resource for Drosophila.

FBgn0086254

iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)

KEGG Metabolic Pathways - A collection of manually drawn metabolic pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.

KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.

MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

39304

Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.

Reactome Metabolic Pathways - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed metabolic pathway database.

References (94)

The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.

-0.36

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