FB2026_01 , released March 12, 2026
FB2026_01 , released March 12, 2026
Gene: Dmel\Elp6
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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\Elp6
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
Elongator complex protein 6
Annotation Symbol
CG9829
Feature Type
protein_coding_gene
FlyBase ID
FBgn0086371
Gene Model Status
Current
Stock Availability
5 publicly available
Gene Summary
Elongator complex protein 6 (Elp6) encodes a mediator of the InR/TOR signaling pathway. Its functions include growth regulation, cell survival, cell polarization, and establishment/maintenance of interphase higher-order chromatin structures. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-14] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)
All Summaries
Also Known As

poly, l(3)S008131

Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
87E7-87E8
Sequence location
Recombination map
3-53
RefSeq locus
NT_033777 REGION:13361816..13366910
Sequence
Get Decorated FASTA
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
NCBI
UCSC
Ensembl
PopFly
Function
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (9 terms)
Molecular Function (1 term)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables insulin receptor binding
inferred from direct assay
(Bolukbasi et al., 2012)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (0 terms)
Biological Process (5 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (4 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in establishment of mitotic spindle asymmetry
inferred from direct assay
(Planelles-Herrero et al., 2022)
involved_in melanotic encapsulation of foreign target
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Howell et al., 2012)
involved_in oocyte microtubule cytoskeleton polarization
inferred from direct assay
(Klusza and Deng, 2010)
involved_in positive regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathway
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Bolukbasi et al., 2012)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in tRNA wobble uridine modification
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR018627
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
Cellular Component (3 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
part_of elongator holoenzyme complex
inferred from direct assay
(Planelles-Herrero et al., 2022)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (3 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in cytosol
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:Q0PNE2
(Bolukbasi et al., 2012)
part_of elongator holoenzyme complex
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR018627
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000415396
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
located_in nucleus
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:Q0PNE2
(Bolukbasi et al., 2012)
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Pathway (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
Belongs to the ELP6 family. (Q9VFW4)
Protein Signatures (InterPro)
Summaries
Gene Snapshot
Elongator complex protein 6 (Elp6) encodes a mediator of the InR/TOR signaling pathway. Its functions include growth regulation, cell survival, cell polarization, and establishment/maintenance of interphase higher-order chromatin structures. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-14]
Pathway (FlyBase)
POSITIVE REGULATORS OF INSULIN-LIKE RECEPTOR SIGNALING PATHWAY -
Positive regulators of the Insulin-like Receptor signaling pathway enhance Insulin-like receptor (InR) activation or the activity of intracellular effectors. (Adapted from FBrf0232297, FBrf0230017 and FBrf0229989).
Gene Group (FlyBase)
ELONGATOR HOLOENZYME COMPLEX -
Elongator is a conserved 0.8-MDa protein complex composed of six subunits, Elp1-6, comprising two copies of each subunit arranged in two subcomplexes: Elp123 and Elp456. The catalytic subunit Elp3 harbours a conserved lysine acetyl-transferase (KAT) and a S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) domain, which mediate acetylation and methylation, respectively. The main function of Elongator is the regulation of translation through targeted transfer-RNA modification. (Adapted from FBrf0254982.)
Protein Function (UniProtKB)
Component of the elongator complex, which is required for multiple tRNA modifications, including mcm5U (5-methoxycarbonylmethyl uridine), mcm5s2U (5-methoxycarbonylmethyl-2-thiouridine), and ncm5U (5-carbamoylmethyl uridine) (PubMed:36302967). The elongator complex catalyzes formation of carboxymethyluridine in the wobble base at position 34 in tRNAs (PubMed:36302967). Binding by the elongator complex stabilizes microtubules and promotes their growth (PubMed:36302967). This induces central spindle asymmetry, promoting polarized signaling endosome trafficking during asymmetric cell division and cell fate assignation of sensory organ precursor cells (PubMed:36302967). Required in germ line cells for microtubule organization involved in oocyte polarization and chromosome organization (PubMed:20473032). Involved in InR-TOR (insulin-like receptor-target of rapamycin) signaling regulation of cellular metabolism, autophagy and apoptosis (PubMed:22645656).
(UniProt, Q9VFW4)
Phenotypic Description (Red Book; Lindsley and Zimm 1992)
l(3)SG67
Homozygotes pupariate, but do not metamorphose; imaginal discs never exceed in size those of late second-instar larvae. Mutant eye-antennal and wing discs transplanted into adult wild-type female abdomens are never recovered after seven days in culture; they decrease in size and disappear during first three days. Mutant larvae permit reduced growth of implanted wild-type discs and do not interfere with their subsequent development in normal hosts (Shearn, Hersperger, Hersperger, Pentz, and Denker, 1978, Genetics 89: 355-70). Larval ganglion cells exhibit extremely low mitotic index and weak effects on chromosome condensation; chromosomes thin and elongated (Gatti and Baker, 1989, Genes Dev. 3: 438-53).
Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
2
Number of Unique Polypeptides
1

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\Elp6 for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Structure
Protein 3D structure   (Predicted by AlphaFold)   (AlphaFold entry Q9VFW4)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.
Model Confidence:
  • Very high (pLDDT > 90)
  • Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
  • Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
  • Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures
Crossreferences
Comments on Gene Model

Annotated transcripts do not represent all supported alternative splices within 5' UTR.

Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.

Gene model reviewed during 5.47

Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
Elp6-RA
FBtr0082772
NM_079619
1157
251
Elp6-RB
FBtr0303265
NM_001202286
1314
251
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
UniProt
RefSeq ID
GenBank
Elp6-PA
FBpp0082240
27.9
251
6.91
Q9VFW4
NP_524343
AAF54931
Elp6-PB
FBpp0292357
27.9
251
6.91
Q9VFW4
NP_001189215
ADV37306
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

The group(s) of polypeptides indicated below share identical sequence to each other.

251 aa isoforms: Elp6-PA, Elp6-PB
Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)
Comments
External Data
Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)

Component of the elongator complex composed of Elp1, Elp2, Elp3, Elp4, Elp5 and Elp6 (PubMed:36302967). The elongator complex associates with and stabilizes microtubules; efficient interaction requires the full complex (PubMed:36302967). Interacts with InR/Insulin-like receptor; the interaction may stabilize Elp6 (PubMed:22645656).

(UniProt, Q9VFW4)
Crossreferences
InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\Elp6 using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
Linkouts
Expression Data
Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

4.32

Transcript Expression
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
part_of elongator holoenzyme complex
inferred from direct assay
(Planelles-Herrero et al., 2022)
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\Elp6 in JBrowse
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Bulk Downloads
RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
Images
FlyBase Wiki
Image Based Resources
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 16 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 6 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of Elp6
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of Elp6
Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 3 )
Variants
Variant Molecular Consequences
Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
Phenotypes
For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.
Lethality
Allele
lethal | recessive
lethal - all die before end of larval stage
lethal - all die before end of larval stage | recessive
partially lethal - majority die | recessive
Sterility
Allele
female sterile
Other Phenotypes
Allele
abnormal developmental rate
abnormal developmental rate (with Elp61)
abnormal developmental rate (with Elp62)
abnormal developmental rate | third instar larval stage
abnormal immune response | larval stage
increased cell death
increased cell death (with Elp61)
increased cell death (with Elp62)
increased cell death | somatic clone | third instar larval stage
increased cell death | third instar larval stage
melanotic mass phenotype
melanotic mass phenotype | third instar larval stage
some die during larval stage
some die during larval stage | recessive
some die during third instar larval stage
visible
visible, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PU
Phenotype manifest in
Allele
egg chamber
egg chamber (with Elp61)
egg chamber (with Elp62)
embryonic/larval fat body | third instar larval stage
embryonic/larval salivary gland | third instar larval stage
eye, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PU
imaginal disc | somatic clone | third instar larval stage
imaginal disc | third instar larval stage
larval brain | third instar larval stage
melanotic mass
melanotic mass | third instar larval stage
neuroblast | third instar larval stage
nucleus
ring gland | third instar larval stage
stretch follicle cell | germline clone | oogenesis stage S5
wing margin
wing margin (with Elp61)
wing margin (with Elp62)
Orthologs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Homo sapiens (Human) (1)
Hsap\ELP6
5 of 14
Yes
Yes
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (1)
Rnor\Elp6
6 of 14
Yes
Yes
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (1)
Mmus\Elp6
5 of 14
Yes
Yes
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (2)
Xtro\elp6
6 of 13
Yes
Yes
Xtro\ndufb10
5 of 13
No
No
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (1)
Drer\elp6
4 of 14
Yes
Yes
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (0)
Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (1)
Agam\AgaP_AGAP003075
9 of 12
Yes
Yes
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (1)
Atha\ELP6
4 of 13
Yes
Yes
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (1)
Scer\ELP6
1 of 13
Yes
Yes
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (1)
Spom\elp6
1 of 12
Yes
Yes
Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)
Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)
Data provided directly from OrthoDB:Elp6. Refer to their site for version information.
Paralogs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
    Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
    Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 0 )
    Human Ortholog
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Interaction
    References
    Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)
    Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
    Homo sapiens (Human)
    Gene name
    Score
    OMIM
    OMIM Phenotype
    DO term
    Complementation?
    Transgene?
    ELP6; elongator acetyltransferase complex subunit 6
    5 of 14
    615020
        Functional Complementation Data
        Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
        Interactions
        Summary of Physical Interactions
        Summary of Genetic Interactions
        Interaction Browsers
        View in FlyBase Interactions Browser   View in MIST tool (external link)
        Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions
        Starting gene(s)
        Interaction type
        Interacting gene(s)
        Reference
        Elp6
        suppressible
        Akt
        (Bolukbasi et al., 2012)
        Elp6
        suppressible
        S6k
        (Bolukbasi et al., 2012)
        Starting gene(s)
        Interaction type
        Interacting gene(s)
        Reference
        upd1
        suppressible
        Elp6
        (Mukherjee et al., 2006)
        External Data
        Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)
        Component of the elongator complex composed of Elp1, Elp2, Elp3, Elp4, Elp5 and Elp6 (PubMed:36302967). The elongator complex associates with and stabilizes microtubules; efficient interaction requires the full complex (PubMed:36302967). Interacts with InR/Insulin-like receptor; the interaction may stabilize Elp6 (PubMed:22645656).
        (UniProt, Q9VFW4 )
        Linkouts
        DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
        Pathways
        Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
        Metabolic Pathways
        FlyBase
        External Links
        External Data
        Linkouts
        Class of Gene
        Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
        Chromosome (arm)
        3R
        Recombination map
        3-53
        Cytogenetic map
        87E7-87E8
        Sequence location
        FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
        Cytogenetic map
        Evidence for location
        87E7-87E8
        Left limit from in situ hybridisation (FBrf0067338) Right limit from in situ hybridisation (FBrf0067338)
        Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
        Cytogenetic map
        Notes
        References
        87E5-87E10
        (determined by in situ hybridisation)
        (Deak, 1999.12.22, Szeged Stock Center, 1998-, Deak et al., 1997)
        87E7-87E8
        (determined by in situ hybridisation)
        (Spradling et al., 1999, BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999)
        87E5-87E6
        (determined by in situ hybridisation)
        (Heck, 1995)
        Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
        Location

        3-53

        (FlyBase, 2016)

        3-50.8

        (Comeron et al., 2012)
        Left of (cM)
        Right of (cM)
        Notes
        Stocks and Reagents
        Stocks (5)
        Genomic Clones (17)
         

        Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

        cDNA Clones (28)
         

        Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

        cDNA clones, fully sequenced
        BDGP DGC clones
        Other clones
        Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

        For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

        cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
        BDGP DGC clones
        Other clones
        RNAi and Array Information
        Linkouts
        DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
        Antibody Information
        Laboratory Generated Antibodies
         

        polyclonal

        (Bolukbasi et al., 2012)
        Commercially Available Antibodies
         
        Cell Line Information
        Publicly Available Cell Lines
         
          Other Stable Cell Lines
           
            Other Comments

            Identification: isolated in a mosaic screen in which posterior stau localization is disrupted in stage 9 female germ-line clones.

            (Klusza and Deng, 2006)

            dsRNA made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene used in a cell-based RNAi assay to identify components or modifiers of the JAK/STAT pathway.

            (Mukherjee et al., 2006)

            Lethal complementation group identified by insertion of a P{lacW} element in the 86E-87F region.

            (Deak et al., 1997)

            Wild type poly gene product may act as a tumour suppressor.

            (Heck, 1995)
            Relationship to Other Genes
            Source for database merge of

            Source for merge of: l(3)05137 l(3)S008131

            (Deak, 1999.12.22)

            Source for merge of: poly l(3)05137

            (Mukherjee et al., 2006)
            Additional comments
            Nomenclature History
            Source for database identify of

            Source for identity of: Elp6 poly

            (Heck and Deng, 2023.1.24)
            Nomenclature comments
            Etymology

            Named 'Elp6' to be consistent with the nomenclature of other genes encoding Elongator complex subunits in D. melanogaster and other species.

            (Heck and Deng, 2023.1.24)

            Named 'poly' as mutant larval neuroblasts are characterized by abnormally shaped, lobulated nuclei, resembling the nuclei of mammalian polymorphonuclear leucocytes.

            (Bolukbasi et al., 2012)
            Synonyms and Secondary IDs (10)
            Datasets (0)
            Study focus (0)
            Experimental Role
            Project
            Project Type
            Title
            Study result (0)
            Result
            Result Type
            Title
            External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 43 )
            Sequence Crossreferences
            NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
            GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
            GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
            RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
            UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.
            UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
            Other crossreferences
            AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.
            DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
            EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
            FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
            FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics
            InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
            KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
            MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)
            Linkouts
            Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
            DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
            DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
            Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
            FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
            FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
            Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
            Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
            iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)
            References (52)